Editing Ceuta (section)

==Demographics==
[[File:Ceuta population pyramid.svg|thumb|Ceuta population pyramid in 2022]]
{{Historical populations|1842|3056|1857|7114|1877|10683|1887|12835|1900|13843|1910|24249|1920|35453|1930|50293|1940|65982|1950|58909|1960|64728|1970|62607|1981|65264|1991|73208|2001|71505|2011|83517|2021|84071|source=[[National Statistics Institute (Spain)|National Statistics Institute]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Changes in the municipalities in the population census since 1842|url=https://www.ine.es/intercensal/inicio.do|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics (Spain)|National Statistics Institute]]|language=es}}</ref>|align=right|cols=1}}As of 2024, its population was 83,299.<ref>{{cite web |date= |title=Cifras oficiales de población de los municipios españoles en aplicación de la Ley de Bases del Régimen Local (Art. 17) |url=https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?L=1&t=2908& |url-status=live |access-date=17 April 2025 |website=ine.es}}</ref>
Due to its location, Ceuta is home to a mixed ethnic and religious population. The two main religious groups are Christians and Muslims. As of 2006 approximately 50% of the population was Christian and approximately 48% Muslim.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Roa |first=J. M. | year=2006 | title=Scholastic achievement and the diglossic situation in a sample of primary-school students in Ceuta | journal=Revista Electrónica de Investigación Educativa |volume=8 |number=1 | url=http://redie.uabc.mx/index.php/redie/article/download/124/216}}</ref> As of a 2018 estimate, around 67.8% of the city's population were born in Ceuta.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Redacción|title=El 67,8% de los habitantes actuales de Ceuta han nacido en la ciudad según los datos del INE|url=https://ceutaahora.com//art/574/el-678-de-los-habitantes-actuales-de-ceuta-han-nacido-en-la-ciudad-segun-los-datos-del-ine|access-date=2 September 2021|website=Ceuta Ahora|date=20 December 2018 |language=es}}</ref>

[[Spanish language|Spanish]] is the primary and official language of the enclave.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/languages/spanish.shtml|title=Languages Across Europe – Spanish|date=14 October 2014|website=[[BBC]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180405160301/http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/european_languages/languages/spanish.shtml|archive-date=5 April 2018}}</ref> [[Moroccan Arabic]] (Darija) is widely spoken.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Handbook of Hispanic Sociolinguistics|last=Sayahi|first=Lotfi|publisher=[[Blackwell Publishing]]|year=2011|isbn=978-1-4051-9500-3|editor-last=Díaz-Campos|editor-first=Manuel|location=Chichester, UK|pages=476–477|chapter=Spanish in Contact with Arabic|doi=10.1002/9781444393446.ch22}}</ref> In 2021, the [[Council of Europe]] demanded that Spain formally recognize the language by 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Goff |first=Shaquile |title=Council of Europe Demands Ceuta, Melilla Recognize Arabic, Darija by 2023 |url=https://www.moroccoworldnews.com/2021/08/344129/council-of-europe-demands-ceuta-melilla-recognize-arabic-darija-by-2023 |access-date=26 May 2022 |website=Morocco World News |language=en}}</ref>

===Religion===
[[File:Restos de la Basílica Tardorromana de Ceuta.jpg|thumb|right|Remains of the Late Roman Christian Basilica and Necropolis of Ceuta, dated to the mid-4th century AD or the beginning of the 5th century AD]]
[[File:Catedral de Ceuta, Ceuta, España, 2015-12-10, DD 04.JPG|thumb|right|[[Cathedral of St Mary of the Assumption (Ceuta)|Cathedral of St. Mary of the Assumption]], completed in 1726]]

[[Christianity]] has been present in Ceuta continuously from [[late antiquity]], as evidenced by the ruins of a basilica in downtown Ceuta<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.academia.edu/1378720 |title=Ceuta huellas del cristianismo en Ceuta |first=Fernando |last=Villada |website=academia.edu |access-date=10 September 2017}}</ref> and accounts of the [[Christian martyrdom|martyrdom]] of [[Daniel and companions|St. Daniel Fasanella]] and his [[Franciscan Order|Franciscans]] in 1227 during the [[Almohad Caliphate]].

The town's Grand Mosque had been built over a [[Byzantine architecture|Byzantine-era]] church. In 1415, the year of the city's conquest, the [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] converted the Grand Mosque into [[Ceuta Cathedral]]. The present form of the cathedral dates to refurbishments undertaken in the late 17th century, combining [[baroque architecture|baroque]] and [[Neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]] elements. It was [[Dedication (ritual)|dedicated]] to [[Saint Mary of the Assumption|St{{nbsp}}Mary of the Assumption]] in 1726.

The [[Roman Catholic]] [[Diocese of Ceuta]] was established in 1417. It incorporated the suppressed [[Diocese of Tanger]] in 1570.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14736a.htm|title=Catholic Encyclopedia: Tingis |publisher=Newadvent.org |date=1 July 1912 |access-date=8 August 2010}}</ref> The Diocese of Ceuta was a [[suffragan]] of [[Patriarchate of Lisbon|Lisbon]] until 1675, when it became a suffragan of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Seville|Seville]].<ref>{{Catholic-hierarchy|diocese|dc206|Diocese of Ceuta|21 January 2015}} [[Wikipedia:SPS|{{sup|[''self-published'']}}]]</ref> In 1851, Ceuta's administration was notionally merged into the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Cadiz y Ceuta|Diocese of Cádiz and Ceuta]] as part of [[concordat of 1851|a concordat]] between Spain and the [[Holy See]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03131b.htm |title=Catholic Encyclopedia: Cadiz |publisher=Newadvent.org |date=1 November 1908 |access-date=8 August 2010}}</ref> the union was not actually accomplished, however, until 1879.

Small [[Judaism|Jewish]] and [[Hinduism|Hindu]] minorities are also present in the city.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeraworld/2014/10/ceuta-multicultural-city-201410149410385913.html|title=Ceuta: Multicultural city|website=Al Jazeera |access-date=28 April 2020|archive-date=29 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129174034/https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/aljazeeraworld/2014/10/ceuta-multicultural-city-201410149410385913.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| {{table}}
|+ 2019 census<ref name=CIS2019Ceuta>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/3260_3279/3263/Marginales/es3263mar_Ceuta.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204181940/http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/3260_3279/3263/Marginales/es3263mar_Ceuta.pdf |archive-date=2020-02-04 |url-status=dead |author=''Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas'' (Centre for Sociological Research)|title=Macrobarómetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos - Document 'Población con derecho a voto en elecciones generales y residente en España, Ciudad Autónoma de Ceuta |date=October 2019|page=20 |accessdate=4 February 2020 |language=Spanish}}</ref>
|-
| [[Roman Catholicism]] || {{percentage bar|60.0}}
|-
| [[Islam]] || {{percentage bar|36.7}}
|-
| Non-religious || {{percentage bar|1.9}}
|-
| Atheist || {{percentage bar|1.5}}
|}

===Migration===
{{Main|Ceuta border fence}}
Like [[Melilla#Immigration|Melilla]], Ceuta attracts African migrants who try to use it as an entry to Europe. As a result, the enclave is surrounded by double fences that are {{convert|6|m|sp=us|abbr=on}} high, and hundreds of migrants congregate near the fences waiting for a chance to cross them. The fences are regularly stormed by migrants trying to claim asylum once they enter Ceuta.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hundreds of migrants storm fence to reach Spanish enclave of Ceuta|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-39002111|publisher=BBC|date=17 February 2017}}</ref>