Editing Catch-22 (section)

=== Challenges ===
''Catch-22'' has landed on the list of the [[American Library Association]]'s banned and challenged classics.

In 1972, the school board in [[Strongsville, Ohio|Strongsville]], Ohio, removed ''Catch-22'', as well as two books by [[Kurt Vonnegut]], from school libraries and the curriculum.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Office of Intellectual Freedom|date=2013-03-26|title=Banned & Challenged Classics|url=https://www.ala.org/advocacy/bbooks/frequentlychallengedbooks/classics|access-date=2021-06-18|website=American Library Association|language=en}}</ref> Five families sued the school board. The [[United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit|Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals]] rejected the claim, stating that school boards had the right to control the curriculum.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last=Hudson |first=David L. |title=Minarcini v. Strongsville City School District (6th Circuit) |url=https://firstamendment.mtsu.edu/article/minarcini-v-strongsville-city-school-district-6th-circuit/ |access-date=2021-06-18 |website=Middle Tennessee State University |language=en}}</ref> The decision was overturned on appeal in 1976.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal|last=Pal|first=Anupama|date=2016-02-24|title=Banning Joseph Heller's Catch-22: The Case of Minarcini v. Strongsville City School District and Issues of First Amendment Rights, Intellectual Freedom, and Censorship|journal=Elon Law Review|volume=8|issue=41|pages=41–60}}</ref> The court wrote, "A library is a storehouse of knowledge. Here we are concerned with the right of students to receive information which they and their teachers desire them to have."<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite news|date=1976-08-31|title=U.S. Court Says School Boards Cannot Remove Library Books|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/08/31/archives/us-court-says-school-boards-cannot-remove-library-books.html|access-date=2021-06-18|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> In 1982, the U.S. Supreme Court employed a similar rationale in its decision in ''[[Island Trees School District v. Pico]]'' on the removal of library books.<ref name=":3" />

Because the book refers to some women as "whores", it was challenged at the [[Dallas Independent School District|Dallas, Texas, Independent School District]] (1974) and [[Snoqualmie, Washington]] (1979).<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" />