Editing Callisto (moon) (section)

=== Potential crewed exploration and habitation ===
[[File:Callisto base.PNG|thumb|right|Artist's impression of a base on Callisto<ref name="CallistoBase"/>]]
In 2003 [[NASA]] conducted a conceptual study called Human Outer Planets Exploration (HOPE) regarding the future human exploration of the [[outer Solar System]]. The target chosen to consider in detail was Callisto.<ref name=HOPE>{{cite web|title=Revolutionary Concepts for Human Outer Planet Exploration (HOPE)|last1=Trautman|first1=Pat|last2=Bethke, Kristen|publisher=NASA|year=2003|url=http://www.nasa-academy.org/soffen/travelgrant/bethke.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120119170143/http://www.nasa-academy.org/soffen/travelgrant/bethke.pdf|archive-date=19 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Troutman |first1=Patrick A. |last2=Bethke |first2=Kristen |last3=Stillwagen |first3=Fred |last4=Caldwell |first4=Darrell L. Jr. |last5=Manvi |first5=Ram |last6=Strickland |first6=Chris |last7=Krizan |first7=Shawn A. |date=28 January 2003 |title=Revolutionary Concepts for Human Outer Planet Exploration (HOPE) |journal=AIP Conference Proceedings |volume=654 |pages=821–828 |bibcode=2003AIPC..654..821T |doi=10.1063/1.1541373 |s2cid=109235313 |hdl-access=free |hdl=2060/20030063128}}</ref>

The study proposed a possible surface base on Callisto that would produce [[rocket propellant]] for further exploration of the Solar System.<ref name="CallistoBase">{{cite web|title=Vision for Space Exploration|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/55583main_vision_space_exploration2.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/55583main_vision_space_exploration2.pdf |archive-date=9 October 2022 |url-status=live|publisher=[[NASA]]|year=2004}}</ref> Advantages of a base on Callisto include low radiation (due to its distance from Jupiter) and geological stability. Such a base could facilitate remote exploration of [[Europa (moon)|Europa]], or be an ideal location for a Jovian system waystation servicing spacecraft heading farther into the outer Solar System, using a [[gravity assist]] from a close flyby of Jupiter after departing Callisto.<ref name=HOPE/>

In December 2003, NASA reported that a crewed mission to Callisto might be possible in the 2040s.<ref>{{cite web|title=High Power MPD Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP) for Artificial Gravity HOPE Missions to Callisto|url=http://trajectory.grc.nasa.gov/aboutus/papers/STAIF-2003-177.pdf|publisher=[[NASA]]|year=2003|access-date=25 June 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305055810/http://trajectory.grc.nasa.gov/aboutus/papers/STAIF-2003-177.pdf|archive-date=5 March 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>