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== Citations == {{Reflist|30em|refs= <ref name=r1>{{cite journal|doi=10.1186/1753-6561-5-S6-O53|title=Copper surfaces in the ICU reduced the relative risk of acquiring an infection while hospitalized|year=2011|last1=Schmidt|first1=MG|journal=BMC Proceedings|volume=5|issue=Suppl 6|pages=O53|pmc=3239467 |doi-access=free }}</ref> <ref name=r2>{{cite journal|author=Day, J. |year=1988|title=The Bristol Brass Industry: Furnaces and their associated remains|journal=Journal of Historical Metallurgy|volume= 22|issue=1|page= 24}}</ref> <ref name=r3>{{cite journal|author1=Dungworth, D. |author2=White, H. |name-list-style=amp |year=2007|title=Scientific examination of zinc-distillation remains from Warmley, Bristol|journal=Historical Metallurgy|volume=41|pages= 77β83|url=http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=19926763}}</ref> <ref name=r4>{{cite journal|author=Ponting, M.|year=1999|title=East Meets West in Post-Classical Bet'shan'|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|volume= 26 |pages= 1311β1321|doi=10.1006/jasc.1998.0373|issue=10}}</ref> <ref name=r5>{{cite journal|url=http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200112/000020011201A0425152.php |author=Zhou Weirong |year=2001 |title=The Emergence and Development of Brass Smelting Techniques in China |journal=Bulletin of the Metals Museum of the Japan Institute of Metals |volume=34 |pages=87β98 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061916/http://sciencelinks.jp/j-east/article/200112/000020011201A0425152.php |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref> <ref name="autogenerated1">[http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/copper-alloy-products.htm "EPA registers copper-containing alloy products"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429114637/http://www.epa.gov/opp00001/factsheets/copper-alloy-products.htm |date=29 April 2015 }}, May 2008</ref> <ref name=r6>{{cite journal |last1=Michel |first1=James H. |last2=Moran |first2=Wilton |last3=Michels |first3=Harold |last4=Estelle |first4=Adam A. |date=June 20, 2011 |title=Antimicrobial copper displaces stainless steel, germs for medical applications: Alloys have natural germ-killing properties |journal=Tube and Pipe Journal |url=http://www.thefabricator.com/article/metalsmaterials/antimicrobial-copper-displaces-stainless-steel-germs-for--medical-applications|df=dmy-all}}</ref> <ref name=r7>{{cite journal|author1=Noyce, J. O. |author2=Michels, H. |author3=Keevil, C. W. |year=2006 |title=Potential use of copper surfaces to reduce survival of epidemic methicillin-resistant ''Staphylococcus aureus'' in the healthcare environment |journal=Journal of Hospital Infection |volume=63 |pages=289β297 |pmid=16650507 |url=http://www.coppercanada.ca/antimicrobial/antimicrobial_PDFs/Noyce%20-%20Potential%20use%20of%20cu%20surfaces%20to%20reduce%20survival%20of%20epidemic%20meticillin%20resistant%20staphylococcus%20aureus.pdf |doi=10.1016/j.jhin.2005.12.008 |issue=3 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120117213723/http://www.coppercanada.ca/antimicrobial/antimicrobial_PDFs/Noyce%20-%20Potential%20use%20of%20cu%20surfaces%20to%20reduce%20survival%20of%20epidemic%20meticillin%20resistant%20staphylococcus%20aureus.pdf |archive-date=2012-01-17 |df=dmy-all}}</ref> <ref name=r8>{{cite journal|author1=EspΞ―rito Santo, Christopher |author2=Taudte, Nadine |author3=Nies, Dietrich H. |author4=and Grass, Gregor |doi=10.1128/AEM.01938-07 |title=Contribution of copper ion resistance to survival of Escherichia coli on metallic copper surfaces|year=2007|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=74|issue=4|pages=977β86|pmid=18156321|pmc=2258564}}</ref> <ref name=r9>{{cite journal|title=Bacterial Killing by Dry Metallic Copper Surfaces|doi=10.1128/AEM.01599-10|year=2010|last1=Santo|first1=C. E.|last2=Lam|first2=E. W.|last3=Elowsky|first3=C. G.|last4=Quaranta|first4=D.|last5=Domaille|first5=D. W.|last6=Chang|first6=C. J.|last7=Grass|first7=G.|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=77|issue=3|pages=794β802|pmid=21148701|pmc=3028699}}</ref> <ref name=r10>{{cite web|url=http://www.coppertouchsurfaces.org|title=TouchSurfaces Clinical Trials: Home|work=coppertouchsurfaces.org}}</ref> <ref name=r11>{{cite journal|author=Craddock, P. T. |year=1978|title=The Composition of Copper Alloys used by the Greek, Etruscan and Roman Civilisations: 3 The Origins and Early Use of Brass|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|pages=1β16 (8)|doi=10.1016/0305-4403(78)90015-8|volume=5 }}</ref> <ref name=r13>Montero-Ruis, I. and Perea, A. (2007). "Brasses in the early metallurgy of the Iberian Peninsula". In La Niece, S., Hook, D., and Craddock, P. T. (eds.). ''Metals and mines: Studies in archaeometallurgy''. London: Archetype, pp. 136β40</ref> <ref name=r14>Craddock, P. T., Burnett, A., and Preston, K. (1980). "Hellenistic copper-based coinage and the origins of brass". In [[William Andrew Oddy|Oddy, W. A.]] (ed.). ''Scientific Studies in Numismatics''. British Museum Occasional Papers 18 pp. 53β64</ref> <ref name=r15>Caley, E. R. (1964). ''Orichalcum and Related Ancient Alloys''. New York; American Numismatic Society</ref> <ref name=r16>{{cite journal|author=Ponting, M. |year=2002|title=Roman Military Copper Alloy Artefacts from Israel: Questions of Organisation and Ethnicity|doi=10.1111/1475-4754.t01-1-00086|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/sace/research/publications/Ponting_Archaeometry_MandG.pdf|journal=Archaeometry|volume=44|issue=4|pages=555β571|bibcode=2002Archa..44..555P }}</ref> <ref name=r17>{{cite journal|author=Ponting, M. |year=2002|url=http://www.liv.ac.uk/sace/research/publications/Ponting_IAMS_Galillee.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.liv.ac.uk/sace/research/publications/Ponting_IAMS_Galillee.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |title=Keeping up with the Roman Romanisation and Copper Alloys in First Revolt Palestine|journal=IAMS|volume= 22|pages=3β6}}</ref> <ref name=r18>{{cite journal|doi=10.1006/jasc.1999.0402|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/staff/profiles/rehren/Small%20Size%20Large%20Scale%201999.pdf|title=Small Size, Large Scale Roman Brass Production in Germania Inferior|year=1999|last1=Rehren|first1=T|journal=Journal of Archaeological Science|volume=26|issue=8|pages=1083β1087|bibcode=1999JArSc..26.1083R |access-date=2011-05-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041210001846/http://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/staff/profiles/rehren/Small%20Size%20Large%20Scale%201999.pdf|archive-date=2004-12-10|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> <ref name=r19>{{cite journal|author=Bachmann, H. |year=1976|title=Crucibles from a Roman Settlement in Germany|journal=Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society |volume=10|issue=1|pages=34β5}}</ref> <ref name=r20>{{cite journal|title=355 Copper Alloys Now Approved by EPA as Antimicrobial|date=June 28, 2011|url=http://www.appliancemagazine.com/news.php?article=1498614&zone=0&first=1|journal=Appliance Magazine|df=dmy-all|access-date=23 August 2011|archive-date=18 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110718160110/http://www.appliancemagazine.com/news.php?article=1498614&zone=0&first=1|url-status=dead}}</ref> <ref name=r21>{{cite journal|author=Dungworth, D |year=1996|title=Caley's 'Zinc Decline' reconsidered|journal=Numismatic Chronicle|volume= 156|pages=228β234}}</ref> <ref name=r24>{{cite conference |last1=Eremin |first1=Katherine |last2=Graham-Campbell |first2=James |last3=Wilthew |first3=Paul |editor1-last=Biro |editor1-first=K.T |editor2-last=Eremin |editor2-first=K. |date=2002 |title=Analysis of Copper alloy artefacts from Pagan Norse Graves in Scotland |conference=Proceedings of the 31st International Symposium on Archaeometry |series=BAR International Series |publisher=Archaeopress |location=Oxford |pages=342β349}}</ref> <ref name=r25>Kuhn, Phyllis J. (1983). [http://members.vol.at/schmiede/MsgverSSt.html "Doorknobs: A Source of Nosocomial Infection?"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120216095336/http://members.vol.at/schmiede/MsgverSSt.html |date=16 February 2012 }} ''Diagnostic Medicine''</ref> }}
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