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=== Bibliography === {{refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |last1=Chandrasekhar |first1=S. |author1-link=Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar |year=1950 |title=Radiative Transfer |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] }} * {{cite book |last1=Goody |first1=R. M. |last2=Yung |first2=Y. L. |author2-link=Yuk L. Yung |year=1989 |title=Atmospheric Radiation: Theoretical Basis |edition=2nd |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-510291-8 }} * {{cite book |last1=Hermann |first1=A. |author1-link=Armin Hermann |others=Nash, C.W. (transl.) |year=1971 |title=The Genesis of Quantum Theory |publisher=[[MIT Press]] |isbn=978-0-262-08047-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/genesisofquantum00herm }} a translation of ''Frühgeschichte der Quantentheorie (1899–1913)'', Physik Verlag, Mosbach/Baden. * {{cite book |last1=Kangro |first1=H. |author1-link=Hans Kangro |year=1976 |title=Early History of Planck's Radiation Law |publisher=[[Taylor and Francis]] |isbn=978-0-85066-063-0 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Kirchhoff |first1=G. |author1-link=Gustav Kirchhoff |year=1860a |title=Über die Fraunhofer'schen Linien |journal=[[Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin]] |pages=662–665 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Kirchhoff |first1=G. |author1-link=Gustav Kirchhoff |date= 1860b |title=Über den Zusammenhang zwischen Emission und Absorption von Licht und Wärme |journal=[[Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin]] |pages=783–787 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Kirchhoff |first1=G. |author1-link=Gustav Kirchhoff |year=1860c |title=Ueber das Verhältniss zwischen dem Emissionsvermögen und dem Absorptionsvermögen der Körper für Wärme and Licht |journal=[[Annalen der Physik und Chemie]] |volume=185 |issue=2 |pages=275–301 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RVYEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1 |doi=10.1002/andp.18601850205 |bibcode = 1860AnP...185..275K |doi-access=free }} Translated by Guthrie, F. as {{cite journal |last1=Kirchhoff |first1=G. |year=1860 |title=On the relation between the radiating and absorbing powers of different bodies for light and heat |journal=[[Philosophical Magazine]] |series=Series 4 |volume=20 |pages=1–21 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RVYEAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1 }} * {{cite book | last = Kirchhoff | first = G. | author-link = Gustav Kirchhoff | title = Gessamelte Abhandlungen | place = Leipzig | publisher = Johann Ambrosius Barth | orig-year = 1862 | year = 1882 | chapter = Ueber das Verhältniss zwischen dem Emissionsvermögen und dem Absorptionsvermögen der Körper für Wärme und Licht | pages = 571–598 }} * {{cite book |last1=Kondepudi |first1=D. |author1-link=Dilip Kondepudi |last2=Prigogine |first2=I. |author2-link=Ilya Prigogine |year=1998 |title=Modern Thermodynamics. From Heat Engines to Dissipative Structures |url=https://archive.org/details/modernthermodyna0000kond |url-access=registration |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-0-471-97393-5 }} * {{cite book |last1=Kragh |first1=H. |author1-link=Helge Kragh |year=1999 |title=Quantum Generations: a History of Physics in the Twentieth Century |url=https://archive.org/details/quantumgeneratio0000krag |url-access=registration |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |isbn=978-0-691-01206-3 }} * {{cite book |last1=Kuhn |first1=T. S. |author1-link=Thomas Kuhn |year=1978 |title=Black–Body Theory and the Quantum Discontinuity |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-502383-1 }} * {{cite book |last1=Loudon |first1=R. |author1-link=Rodney Loudon |year=2000 |orig-year=1973 |title=The Quantum Theory of Light |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |edition=third |isbn=978-0-19-850177-0 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Lummer |first1=O. |author1-link=Otto Lummer |last2=Kurlbaum |first2=F. |author2-link=Ferdinand Kurlbaum |year=1898 |title=Der electrisch geglühte "absolut schwarze" Körper und seine Temperaturmessung |journal=[[Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft]] |volume=17 |pages=106–111 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Lummer |first1=O. |author1-link=Otto Lummer |last2=Kurlbaum |first2=F. |author2-link=Ferdinand Kurlbaum |year=1901 |title=Der elektrisch geglühte "schwarze" Körper |journal=[[Annalen der Physik]] |volume=310 |issue=8 |pages=829–836 |doi=10.1002/andp.19013100809 |bibcode = 1901AnP...310..829L |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1424003 }} * {{cite book |last1=Mandel |first1=L. |author1-link=Leonard Mandel |last2=Wolf |first2=E. |author2-link=Emil Wolf |year=1995 |title=Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics |url=https://archive.org/details/opticalcoherence0000mand |url-access=registration |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-41711-2 }} * {{cite book |last1=Mehra |first1=J. |author1-link=Jagdish Mehra |last2=Rechenberg |first2=H. |author2-link=Helmut Rechenberg |year=1982 |title=The Historical Development of Quantum Theory |volume=1, part 1 |publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] |isbn=978-0-387-90642-3 }} * {{cite book |last1=Mihalas |first1=D. |author1-link=Dimitri Mihalas |last2=Weibel-Mihalas |first2=B. |year=1984 |title=Foundations of Radiation Hydrodynamics |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-503437-0 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Milne |first1=E.A. |author1-link=Edward Arthur Milne |year=1930 |title=Thermodynamics of the Stars |journal=[[Handbuch der Astrophysik]] |volume=3, part 1 |pages=63–255 }} * {{cite book |last1=Planck |first1=M. |author1-link=Max Planck |others=Masius, M. (transl.) |year=1914 |title=The Theory of Heat Radiation |publisher=[[P. Blakiston's Son & Co.|P. Blakiston's Son & Co]] |url=https://archive.org/details/theheatradiation00planrich |edition=2nd |ol=7154661M }} * {{cite book |last1=Rybicki |first1=G. B. |last2=Lightman |first2=A. P. |author2-link=Alan Lightman |year=1979 |title=Radiative Processes in Astrophysics |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LtdEjNABMlsC |publisher=[[John Wiley & Sons]] |isbn=978-0-471-82759-7 }} * {{cite book |last1=Schirrmacher |first1=A. |author1-link=Arne Schirrmacher |year=2001 |title=Experimenting theory: the proofs of Kirchhoff's radiation law before and after Planck |publisher=[[Münchner Zentrum für Wissenschafts und Technikgeschichte]] }} * {{cite journal |last1=Stewart |first1=B. |author1-link=Balfour Stewart |year=1858 |title=An account of some experiments on radiant heat |journal=[[Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]] |volume=22 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.1017/S0080456800031288 |s2cid=122316368 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/2137146 }} {{refend}}
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