Editing Avocado (section)

===Cultivation by location===
====Cultivation in Mexico====
{{main|Avocado production in Mexico}}
Mexico is by far the world's largest avocado growing country, producing several times more than the second largest producer.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.novagrim.com/Pages/2000_2011_avocado_statistics_EN.aspx |title=2001–2013 World avocado production, 2000–2011 World Avocado Exports, 2002–2013 French avocado imports |publisher=Novagrim.com |access-date=1 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223071153/http://www.novagrim.com/Pages/2000_2011_avocado_statistics_EN.aspx |archive-date=23 February 2014 }}</ref> In 2013, the total area dedicated to avocado production was {{convert|188,723|ha|acre|abbr=off}}, and the harvest was 2.03&nbsp;million tonnes in 2017.<ref name=faostat/> The states that produce the most are [[State of Mexico|México]], [[Morelos]], [[Nayarit]], [[Puebla]], and Michoacan, accounting for 86% of the total. In Michoacán, the cultivation is complicated by the existence of [[drug cartel]]s that extort protection fees from cultivators. They are reported to exact 2,000 Mexican [[peso]]s per hectare from avocado farmers and 1 to 3 pesos/kg of harvested fruit.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aristeguinoticias.com/3010/mexico/templarios-ganan-2000-mdp-al-ano-extorsionando-a-aguacateros-en-michoacan/ |title=Templarios ganan 2,000 mdp al año extorsionando a aguacateros en Michoacán |trans-title=Templars earn 2,000 pesos a year extorting avocado in Michoacan |language=es |publisher=Aristegui Noticias |date=29 October 2013 |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref> It is such a problem that the phrase ''blood guacamole'' has been adopted to describe the social effects in Mexico of the vast worldwide demand for its fruits.<ref name=nymag/>

====Cultivation in California====
Avocados were introduced to California from [[Nicaragua]] in the early 1850s, when avocado trees imported from the [[Central American]] country were observed and reported growing near San Gabriel.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://avocado.ucr.edu/early-history-avocado-california|title= Early History of the Avocado in California}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.5555/20083015144|title= The Avocado|journal= CABI Databases}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.californiaavocadogrowers.com/sites/default/files/documents/13-World-Avocado-Production-Prospects-California-In-Transition-Fall-2020.pdf|title= World avocado production prospects in California}}</ref> The avocado has since become a successful [[cash crop]]. About {{convert|59000|acre|ha|order=flip|abbr=off}} – as of 2015, some 80% of United States avocado production – is located in [[Southern California]].<ref name="nymag">Sternbergh, Adam, "Avocados Are Toast", [[New York (magazine)|New York magazine]], April 20 – May 3, 2015</ref> 

Avocado is the official fruit of the state of California.<ref>{{Cite web|title=California State Foods Named By Gavin Newsom|publisher=Huffington Post, San Francisco|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/04/24/california-state-foods_n_3150928.html|date = 25 April 2013|access-date = 15 April 2015}}</ref> [[Fallbrook, California]], claims, without official recognition, the title of "Avocado Capital of the World" (also claimed by the town of [[Uruapan]] in Mexico<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uruapaninteractivo.com/uruapan.htm |title=::Uruapan:: Uruapan, Michoacan, México |publisher=Uruapaninteractivo.com |access-date=1 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203004605/http://www.uruapaninteractivo.com/uruapan.htm |archive-date=3 February 2014 }}</ref>), and both it and [[Carpinteria, California]], host annual avocado festivals.

The [[California Avocado Commission]] and the [[California Avocado Society]] are the two major grower organizations and [[Calavo Growers]] is a major distributor.

====Cultivation in Peru====
'Hass' avocado production in Peru encompasses thousands of hectares in central and western Peru.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.freshplaza.com/article/129650/Peru-Record-avocado-production-saturated-the-markets-in-2014|title=Peru: Record avocado production saturated the markets in 2014|work=freshplaza.com|date=23 October 2014 }}</ref> Peru has now become the largest supplier of avocados imported to the [[European Union]] and the second largest supplier to Asia and the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.producebluebook.com/2019/01/10/peru-jumps-to-no-2-avocado-exporter-to-the-u-s/|title=Peru jumps to No.2 avocado exporter to the U.S.|date=10 January 2019|website=Produce Blue Book|language=en-US|access-date=3 February 2019}}</ref> The country's location near the [[equator]] and along the Pacific Ocean creates consistently mild temperatures all year.

'Hass' avocados from Peru are seasonally available to consumers from May through September and are promoted under the auspices of the Peruvian Avocado Commission, headquartered in Washington, D.C.

====Cultivation in Chile====
{{see also|Petorca water crisis|Laguna de Aculeo}}
Chile has produced avocados for over 100 years with production increasing dramatically in the early 1980s due to global demand. [[New York (magazine)|''New York'' magazine]] reported in 2015 that "Large avocado growers are draining the country's [[groundwater]] and rivers faster than they can replenish themselves."<ref name=nymag/> 88% of total production and 99% of exported avocados from Chile are Hass avocados. Avocados are a staple fruit in Chile with 30% of production destined for the domestic market. No import tariffs are imposed on Chilean avocados by China, the United States, or the European Union due to free trade agreements.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gonzalez |first1=Sergio |title=Avocado Annual 2018 |url=https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/downloadreportbyfilename?filename=Avocado%20Annual_Santiago_Chile_11-15-2018.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Avocados|url=https://fruitsfromchile.com/fruit/avocados/#:~:text=Chile%20has%20been%20growing%20commercial%20varieties%20of%20avocados,most%20production%20has%20shifted%20to%20the%20Hass%20variety. |website=Fruits From Chile}}</ref>