Editing Art colony (section)

==== Arizona ====
[[File:View from Historic Jerome Arizona.jpg|thumb|Historic [[Jerome, Arizona]], a copper-mining town that later attracted artists]]
The desert town of [[Sedona, Arizona]], became a Southwest artists' colony in the mid-20th century. [[Dada]]ist [[Max Ernst]] and [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] [[Dorothea Tanning]] arrived from New York in the late 1940s, when the town was populated by less than 500 ranchers, orchard workers, merchants, and small Native American communities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=ARTISTS: Max Ernst and Dorothea Tanning in Arizona|url=https://remodernreview.wordpress.com/2016/06/12/artists-max-ernst-and-dorothea-tanning-in-arizona/|date=June 12, 2016|website=The Remodern Review}}</ref> Amid the Wild West setting, Ernst built a small cottage by hand in Brewer Road, and he and Tanning hosted intellectuals and European artists such as [[Henri Cartier-Bresson]] and [[Yves Tanguy]]. Sedona proved an inspiration for the artists, and for Ernst—who compiled his book ''Beyond Painting'' and completed his sculptural masterpiece ''Capricorn'' while living there. The environment also inspired Egyptian sculptor Nassan Gobran to move there from Boston and become head of the art department at [[Verde Valley School]].

In Southern Arizona in the early and mid-twentieth century, the Historic [[Fort Lowell]] enclave outside of [[Tucson, Arizona]], became an artistic epicenter. The adobe ruins of the abandoned nineteenth century [[United States Cavalry]] fort had been adapted by [[Mexican-Americans]] into a small village called "El Fuerte." During the 1920s, 30s and 40s, artists, writers and intellectuals, attracted by the rural elegance and stark landscape of the [[Sonoran Desert]], and romanticism of the [[adobe]] ruins began buying, redesigning and building homes in this small community. Notable artists included Dutch-born artist [[Charles Bolsius]], [[Black Mountain College]] instructor and photographer [[Hazel Larson Archer]], architectural designer and painter [[Veronica Hughart]], early modernist [[Jack Maul]], French writers and artists [[René Cheruy]] and [[Germaine Cheruy]], and noted anthropologists [[Edward H. Spicer]] and [[Rosamond Spicer]]

The small historic town of [[Jerome, Arizona]] was once a thriving copper mining town of 15,000. When the mining company [[Phelps Dodge]] closed the United Verde Mine and its related operations in 1953, the number of residents plummeted to 100. To prevent Jerome from disappearing entirely, the remaining residents turned to tourism and retail. To further encourage tourism, the residents sought [[National Historic Landmark]] status, which the federal government granted in 1967. Today, by sponsoring music festivals, historic-homes tours, celebrations, and races, the community succeeded in attracting visitors and new businesses, which in the twenty-first century include art galleries, working public studios, craft stores, wineries, coffee houses, and restaurants. Many residents are full-time artists, writers, and musicians.