Editing Art Deco (section)

==Sculpture==
===Monumental and public sculpture===
<gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
File:Folie Bergère Paris (36268584).jpeg|Gold detail on the façade of the [[Folies Bergère]] [[cabaret]] [[music hall]] in [[Paris]], by Maurice Pico (1926)
File:Christ the Redeemer - Cristo Redentor.jpg|''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ the Redeemer]]'', reinforced concrete and [[soapstone]] sculpture on [[Corcovado|Corcovado Mountain]], Rio de Janeiro, by [[Paul Landowski]] (1931)
File:Guardian of Traffic (cropped).jpg|''Guardians of Traffic'', pylon on [[Hope Memorial Bridge]] in [[Cleveland]], Ohio, by [[Henry Hering]] and [[Walker and Weeks|Frank Walker]] (1932)
File:Lobby, (former) Daily Express Building by Ronald Atkinson.jpg|''Britain'', relief sculpture in the lobby of the former [[Daily Express Building, London|Daily Express Building]] in [[London]], by Ronald Atkinson (1932)
File:Niagara Mohawk Building 1.jpg|''Spirit of Light'' or ''Spirit of Power'', metal sculpture on the façade of the [[Niagara Mohawk Building]] in [[Syracuse, New York|Syracuse, N.Y.]], by Clayton Frye (1932)
File:Rockefeller Center entrance (4674369705).jpg|''Wisdom'', portal decoration at the [[Rockefeller Center]] in [[New York City]], by [[Lee Lawrie]] (1933)
File:Nowogrodzka 45 w Warszawie orzeł.jpg|Polish coat of arms (unofficial) on the façade of the post office in [[Warsaw]], by Julian Puterman-Sadłowski (1934)
File:New York City, May 2014 - 033.JPG|''[[Atlas (statue)|Atlas]]'', bronze sculpture in front of the Rockefeller Center, by Lawrie (1936–37)
File:NixFedBldgPhilaMailBas1.jpg|''[[Mail Delivery (sculptures)|Mail Delivery East]]'', one of four bas-relief sculptures on the [[Nix Federal Building]] in [[Philadelphia]], Pennsylvania, by [[Edmond Amateis]] (1937)
File:"One is Man Controlling Trade," 1942 statue by Michael Lantz, at Federal Trade Commission, 600 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, D.C LCCN2010641732.tif|''[[Man Controlling Trade]]'' at the [[Federal Trade Commission Building]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], by [[Michael Lantz]] (1942)
</gallery>

Sculpture was a very common and integral feature of Art Deco architecture. In France, allegorical bas-reliefs representing dance and music by [[Antoine Bourdelle]] decorated the earliest Art Deco landmark in Paris, the [[Théâtre des Champs-Élysées]], in 1912. The 1925 Exposition had major sculptural works placed around the site, pavilions were decorated with sculptural friezes, and several pavilions devoted to smaller studio sculpture. In the 1930s, a large group of prominent sculptors made works for the 1937 {{Lang|fr|[[Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne]]|italic=no}} at Chaillot. [[Alfred Janniot]] made the relief sculptures on the façade of the Palais de Tokyo. The [[Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris]], and the esplanade in front of the Palais de Chaillot, facing the Eiffel Tower, was crowded with new statuary by [[Charles Malfray]], Henry Arnold, and many others.{{Sfn|Arwas|1992|pages=165–66}}

Public Art Deco sculpture was almost always representational, usually of heroic or allegorical figures related to the purpose of the building or room. The themes were usually selected by the patrons, not the artist. Abstract sculpture for decoration was extremely rare.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0671808044 |first=Eva |last=Weber |title=Art deco in America |publisher=Exeter Books |date=1985 |page=32 |isbn=0671808044}}</ref>{{sfn|Duncan|1988|pages=121–141}}

In the United States, the most prominent Art Deco sculptor for public art was [[Paul Manship]], who updated classical and mythological subjects and themes in an Art Deco style. His most famous work was the statue of [[Prometheus (Manship)|Prometheus]] at [[Rockefeller Center]] in New York City, a 20th-century adaptation of a classical subject. Other important works for Rockefeller Center were made by [[Lee Lawrie]], including the sculptural façade and the [[Atlas (statue)|Atlas statue]].

During the [[Great Depression]] in the United States, many sculptors were commissioned to make works for the decoration of federal government buildings, with funds provided by the WPA, or [[Works Progress Administration]]. They included sculptor Sidney Biehler Waugh, who created stylized and idealized images of workers and their tasks for federal government office buildings.{{sfn|Duncan|1988|p=140}} In San Francisco, [[Ralph Stackpole]] provided sculpture for the façade of the new [[San Francisco Stock Exchange]] building. In Washington D.C., [[Michael Lantz]] made works for the [[Federal Trade Commission]] building.

In Britain, Deco public statuary was made by [[Eric Gill]] for the [[BBC Broadcasting House]], while Ronald Atkinson decorated the lobby of the former [[Daily Express Building, London|Daily Express Building]] in London (1932).

One of the best known and certainly the largest public Art Deco sculpture is the ''[[Christ the Redeemer (statue)|Christ the Redeemer]]'' by the French sculptor [[Paul Landowski]], completed between 1922 and 1931, located on a mountain top overlooking [[Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil.

===Studio sculpture===
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File:Joseph Csaky, Tête, ca 1920 (front and side view) limestone, 60 cm, Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Holland.tiff|''Tête'' (front and side view), limestone, by [[Joseph Csaky]] ({{circa|1920}}), [[Kröller-Müller Museum]], Otterlo, Netherlands
File:Le chasseur de Pierre Le Faguays.png|''The Hunter'' by [[Pierre Le Faguays]] (1920s)
File:Actaeon - Paul Manship (25890637528).jpg|''Actaeon'' by [[Paul Manship]] (1925), in a temporary exhibition called  the "Jazz Age" at the [[Cleveland Museum of Art]], US
File:Speed - Harriet Frishmuth.jpg|''Speed'', a design for a radiator ornament by [[Harriet Whitney Frishmuth]] (1925)
File:The Flight of Europa.jpg|''The Flight of Europa'', bronze with gold leaf, by [[Paul Manship]] (1925), [[Whitney Museum of American Art]], New York City
File:Art Deco Sculpture.jpg|''Tânără'' (Girl), bronze, ivory and onyx, by [[Demétre Chiparus]] ({{circa|1925}})
</gallery>

Many early Art Deco sculptures were small, designed to decorate salons. One genre of this sculpture was called the [[Chryselephantine]] statuette, named for a style of ancient Greek temple statues made of gold and ivory. They were sometimes made of bronze, or sometimes with much more lavish materials, such as ivory, [[onyx]], alabaster, and gold leaf.

One of the best-known Art Deco salon sculptors was the Romanian-born [[Demétre Chiparus]], who produced colourful small sculptures of dancers. Other notable salon sculptors included [[Ferdinand Preiss]], [[Josef Lorenzl]], Alexander Kelety, Dorothea Charol and Gustav Schmidtcassel.{{Sfn|Arwas|1992|pages=141–163}} Another important American sculptor in the studio format was [[Harriet Whitney Frishmuth]], who had studied with [[Auguste Rodin]] in Paris.

Pierre Le Paguays was a prominent Art Deco studio sculptor, whose work was shown at the 1925 Exposition. He worked with bronze, marble, ivory, onyx, gold, [[alabaster]] and other precious materials.<ref>Brian Catley, ''Deco and other Bronzes'', pp. 203–209, {{ISBN|978-1851493821}}</ref>

[[François Pompon]] was a pioneer of modern stylised [[animalier]] sculpture. He was not fully recognised for his artistic accomplishments until the age of 67 at the Salon d'Automne of 1922 with the work ''Ours blanc'', also known as ''The White Bear'', now in the [[Musée d'Orsay]] in Paris.<ref name=Kjellberg>{{cite book|last1=Kjellberg|first1=Pierre|title=Bronzes of the 19th Century|date=1994|publisher=Schiffer Publishing, Ltd.|location=Atglen, Pennsylvania|isbn=0-88740-629-7|page=551|edition=First}}<!--|access-date=20 July 2015--></ref>

Parallel with these Art Deco sculptors, more avant-garde and abstract modernist sculptors were at work in Paris and New York City. The most prominent were [[Constantin Brâncuși]], [[Joseph Csaky]], [[Alexander Archipenko]], [[Henri Laurens]], [[Jacques Lipchitz]], [[Gustave Miklos]], [[Jean Lambert-Rucki]], [[Jan et Joël Martel]], [[Chana Orloff]] and [[Pablo Gargallo]].<ref name="Edith Balas, 1998">[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_0T8LAAAAIAAJ Edith Balas, 1998, ''Joseph Csaky: A Pioneer of Modern Sculpture''], Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society</ref>