Editing Angioplasty (section)

== Recovery ==

After angioplasty, most patients are monitored overnight in the hospital, but if there are no complications, patients are sent home the following day.<ref name="Spies_1990">{{Cite journal | vauthors = Spies JA, Bakal CW, Burke DR, Husted JW, McClean GK, Palestrant AM, Pentecost MJ, Schwarten DE, Spencer MC, Tate CP, van Breda A, Weyman PJ |date=1990-11-01|title=Guidelines for Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty|url=https://www.jvir.org/article/S1051-0443(90)72494-3/abstract|journal=Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology|language=en|volume=1|issue=1|pages=5–15|doi=10.1016/S1051-0443(90)72494-3|issn=1051-0443|access-date=January 23, 2020|archive-date=October 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024092223/https://www.jvir.org/article/S1051-0443%2890%2972494-3/fulltext|url-status=live}}</ref>

The catheter site is checked for bleeding and swelling and the heart rate and blood pressure are monitored to detect late rupture and hemorrhage.<ref name="Spies_1990" /> Post-procedure protocol also involves monitoring urinary output, cardiac symptoms, pain and other signs of systemic problems.<ref name="Spies_1990" /> Usually, patients receive medication that will relax them to protect the arteries against [[spasm]]s. Patients are typically able to walk within two to six hours following the procedure and return to their normal routine by the following week.<ref name="Radiolo">{{cite web|url=http://professionalradiology.com/angioplasty.php|title=What should I expect after my procedure?|access-date=April 6, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409141248/http://professionalradiology.com/angioplasty.php|archive-date=April 9, 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Angioplasty recovery consists of avoiding physical activity for several days after the procedure. Patients are advised to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for a week.<ref name="Can">{{cite web|url=https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronary-angioplasty/recovery/|title=Recovery - Coronary angioplasty and stent insertion|access-date=2019-03-18|website=[[National Health Service]], UK|date=2018-06-11|archive-date=December 24, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224154919/https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronary-angioplasty/recovery/|url-status=live}} Page last reviewed: 28/08/2018</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Coronary angioplasty and stents|publisher=Mayo Clinic|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/coronary-angioplasty/about/pac-20384761|access-date=November 1, 2020|archive-date=September 1, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901042801/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/coronary-angioplasty/about/pac-20384761|url-status=live}}</ref> Patients will need to avoid physical stress or prolonged sport activities for a maximum of two weeks after a delicate balloon angioplasty.<ref name="Recov">{{cite web |url=http://www.angioplastysurgery.net/recovery.php |title=Angioplasty Recovery |access-date=April 6, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100409105655/http://www.angioplastysurgery.net/recovery.php |archive-date=April 9, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

After the initial two week recovery phase, most angioplasty patients can begin to safely return to low-level exercise. A graduated exercise program is recommended whereby patients initially perform several short bouts of exercise each day, progressively increasing to one or two longer bouts of exercise.<ref name="ExerciseAngioplasty">{{cite web |url=http://www.drbillsukala.com.au/exercise/exercise-after-angioplasty-stent/ |title=Exercise Guidelines After Angioplasty |access-date=November 4, 2015 |archive-date=October 29, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151029202014/http://www.drbillsukala.com.au/exercise/exercise-after-angioplasty-stent/ |url-status=live }}</ref>  As a precaution, all structured exercise should be cleared by a cardiologist before commencing. Exercise-based rehabilitation following percutaneous coronary intervention has shown improvement in recurrent angina, total exercise time, ST-segment decline, and maximum exercise tolerance.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yang X, Li Y, Ren X, Xiong X, Wu L, Li J, Wang J, Gao Y, Shang H, Xing Y | title = Effects of exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 7 | pages = 44789 | date = March 2017 | pmid = 28303967 | pmc = 5356037 | doi = 10.1038/srep44789 | bibcode = 2017NatSR...744789Y }}</ref>

Patients who experience swelling, bleeding or pain at the insertion site, develop [[fever]], feel faint or weak, notice a change in temperature or color in the arm or leg that was used or have [[shortness of breath]] or chest pain should immediately seek medical advice.

Patients with stents are usually prescribed dual antiplatelet therapy which consists of a [[P2Y12 inhibitor]], such as [[clopidogrel]], which is taken at the same time as [[acetylsalicylic acid]] (aspirin).<ref name="Levine_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, Brindis RG, Fihn SD, Fleisher LA, Granger CB, Lange RA, Mack MJ, Mauri L, Mehran R, Mukherjee D, Newby LK, O'Gara PT, Sabatine MS, Smith PK, Smith SC | title = 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease | collaboration = A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines | journal = Journal of the American College of Cardiology | volume = 68 | issue = 10 | pages = 1082–1115 | date = September 2016 | pmid = 27036918 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.03.513 | url = http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/68/10/1082 | access-date = 2020-01-23 | url-status = live | doi-access =  | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201023082230/https://www.onlinejacc.org/content/68/10/1082 | archive-date = October 23, 2020 }}</ref> Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is recommended for 1 month following bare metal stent placement, for 3 months following a second generation drug-eluting stent placement, and for 6–12 months following a first generation [[drug-eluting stent]] placement.<ref name="Chhabra_2019" /> Dual antiplatelet therapy's properties are intended to prevent blood clots; however, they increase the risk of bleeding, so it is important to consider each patient's preferences, cardiac conditions, and bleeding risk when determining the duration of its treatment.<ref name="Levine_2016" /> Another important consideration is that concomitant use of clopidogrel and [[proton-pump inhibitor]]s following coronary angiography is associated with significantly higher adverse cardiovascular complications such as major adverse cardiovascular events, stent thrombosis and myocardial infarction.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bundhun PK, Teeluck AR, Bhurtu A, Huang WQ | title = Is the concomitant use of clopidogrel and Proton Pump Inhibitors still associated with increased adverse cardiovascular outcomes following coronary angioplasty?: a systematic review and meta-analysis of recently published studies (2012 - 2016) | journal = BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | volume = 17 | issue = 1 | pages = 3 | date = January 2017 | pmid = 28056809 | pmc = 5221663 | doi = 10.1186/s12872-016-0453-6 | doi-access = free }}</ref>