Editing Amiens (section)

==Urbanism==

===Urban morphology===

Amiens comprises a number of neighborhoods ({{langx|fr|quartiers}}) with their own characteristics, including Saint-Leu, St-Maurice, Henriville, and Saint-Acheul.

====Saint-Leu neighborhood====
St-Leu forms part of Amiens, north of the city center. It has many older wooden and brick houses and several canals. At the foot of the cathedral, traversed by canals, this picturesque area was largely rehabilitated during the 1990s. It extends to the [[River Somme|Somme]] canal, located more to the north, at the foot of the Coteau Saint-Pierre on which the fortress of [[Jean Errard]], called ''Citadelle'', was built. Historically, it was the poor neighborhood of the city, where butchers, tanners and dyers gathered.

Amiens University's Faculty of Sciences, present since the 1960s, has been renovated and expanded on occasion. The Faculty of Law and Economics has also been transferred since the mid-1990s from the campus (offset to the south of the city) to its new location at the foot of the cathedral.<ref group="note">Work had also been delayed, because some people{{who|date=November 2024}} wanted to "preserve the cathedral".</ref> The open-air parking it replaces was a "gap" in the landscape dating from [[World War II]]. Nonetheless, it allowed an unobstructed view of the cathedral. Most of the buildings have been renovated and transformed into housing much of which is for students.

The area became the heart of the Amiens people's evenings, with many establishments (bars, restaurants, etc.) on ''Place du Don'' and ''Quai Bélu''.

The church is found at ''Rue Saint-Leu'', located just between the Faculty of Science and Law-Economy (UPJV).

Two theatres were established in the neighborhood, that of the [[Chés Cabotans]] (puppet shows in the [[Picard language]]) and the ''Maison du Théâtre'' at the foot of the Saint-Leu Church. There is also ''La Lune des Pirates'', a concert hall.

<gallery mode="packed">
0 Amiens - Place du Don - Cathédrale (1).JPG|''Place du Don'': The River Somme and cathedral
0_Amiens_-_Quartier_Saint-Leu_%281%29.JPG|Saint-Leu: ''Rue du Hocquet''
Saint Leu rue d'Engoulvent.jpg|Saint-Leu: ''Rue d'Engoulvent'' and ''Rue des Majots''
Saint Leu rue d'Engoulvent depuis Majot.jpg|Saint-Leu: ''Rue d'Engoulvent''
Place Aristide Briand Amiens.jpg|Saint-Leu: ''Place Aristide Briand''
Amiens quartier saint leu canaux 200503.jpg|Canal in the Saint-Leu neighborhood
Quai belu amiens.JPG|Quai Bélu on the banks of the Somme, near the old market on the waterside
Amiens_StLeuAviron.jpg|The Samarobriva footbridge from the [[#rowing|Sport Nautique d'Amiens]] to Saint-Pierre Park in 2009
</gallery>

====Saint-Maurice neighborhood====
Located to the west of the [[Citadel]]le, and east of the {{interlanguage link|Cimetière de La Madeleine (Amiens)|fr|3=Cimetière de La Madeleine (Amiens)|lt=La Madeleine Cemetery}}, this very old working-class neighborhood of Amiens acted as an industrial center in the 18th century. It is currently undergoing significant housing renovation and development.

Bordered by the [[Canal de la Somme]], it offers a stopover for leisure boats, which must go through a lock.

The walls of the city's former [[dye]] factory are now those of the {{interlanguage link|École supérieure d'art et de design d'Amiens|fr}} (ESAD) as well as those of the Faculty of Arts. The [[ESIEE Amiens|École supérieure d'ingénieurs en électronique et électrotechnique]] (ESIEE) is in the same neighborhood. As the Citadelle, it will be renovated by the architect [[Renzo Piano]] to accommodate the university departments (UFR) of: letters, history and geography, languages, the {{interlanguage link|École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation|fr}} (ESPE), the House of Languages, the House of Research and the University Library in 2015.

The {{interlanguage link|Jardin des plantes d'Amiens|fr|3=Jardin des plantes d'Amiens|lt=Jardin des plantes}}, known as the ''Jardin du Roy'' within the city, is also located in this neighborhood.

[[File:Ami1b.JPG|thumb|The [[River Somme]] from the Boulevard de Beauvillé]]

====Henriville neighborhood====
The Henriville neighborhood was mostly built during the 19th century after the demolition of the city wall. It lies at the south of the town center. It has numerous [[bourgeois]] houses and [[townhouse]]s, predominantly in brick, blending architectural styles of the period, including [[neoclassical architecture|neoclassical]], [[Troubadour style#Architecture|troubadour]] and [[Gothic Revival architecture|neo-Gothic]]. There are also private mansions, such as the Acloque mansion and the house of [[Jules Verne]].

====Saint-Acheul neighborhood====
The Saint-Acheul neighborhood({{IPA|fr|sɛ̃t‿aʃœl|IPA}}) existed before Amiens' inception, as people have lived there since prehistoric times. This is where archaeological excavations in the nineteenth century discovered prehistoric tool sets typical of the "[[Acheulean]]" prehistorical era, named after this neighborhood (also spelled Acheulian, pronounced {{IPA|fr|aʃœljɑ̃|}}). Civilians can freely visit the archaeological garden there.

Not to be confused with the [[Communes of France|commune]] of [[Saint-Acheul]] situated {{convert|37|km|0|abbr=on}} to the north, the Saint-Acheul neighborhood is the site of a military cemetery from the [[First World War]] (1914–1918).

It also contains the [[Church of Saint-Acheul]], the Jesuit former [[Saint-Acheul College]] and the former [[normal school]] of teachers which became the Lycée Robert-de-Luzarches. A number of famous people are buried in the former [[Saint-Acheul cemetery]] such as the creator of ''[[Bécassine]]'' J.P. Pinchon, and many resistance fighters. Part of the neighborhood includes a so-called "English neighborhood," with typical English style houses. At the feet of this area lie the ''hortillonnages'', a marshy area criss-crossed by canals.

====Other neighborhoods====
Amiens, like other big cities, has its large [[HLM]] high-rise tower blocks:
* North of the city the neighborhoods ''du [[Dovecote|Pigeonnier]]'', which is famous for its weekend market, ''Messenger'', ''Mozart'', ''Fafet-Brossolette-la Cité'', ''Balzac'', and ''Léo Lagrange-Schweitzer'';
* Southeast of the city: ''[[Victorine-Autier]]'', ''Philéas Lebesgue'', ''Condorcet'', ''Pierre-Rollin''.
* West: ''[[Etouvie]]'' and ''Montières'' (an [[ecodistrict]] is provided in this industrial space, where there are 19th century in brick buildings).<ref>{{cite journal|title=Amiens, Un écoquartier en projet à Montières|id=E.G|journal=Le Moniteur|issue=5510|date=3 July 2009}}</ref>
* East: ''Saint-Acheul-la-Cité'' and the ''Clos de l'Avre''.

These areas experience a lot of social troubles and have regularly been the place for riots. The northern neighborhoods were the scene of violent events in 1994, 1999 and 2000 (clashes between several districts of the city and between the neighbourhoods of Amiens and the districts of [[Creil]]), in 2006 and 2008 (in the wake of incidents in the Paris suburbs){{citation needed|date=June 2015}} and more recently in August 2012 following a conflict between youth and the police. The cost of the latest vandalism to occur in the north of Amiens would amount, according to {{interlanguage link|Gilles Demailly|fr}}, to between four and six million euros. These extremely violent riots caused sixteen police officers to be injured.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.valeursactuelles.com/actualit%C3%A9s/politique/guerre-d%E2%80%99amiens-bien-eu-lieu20120918.html |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130630140410/http://www.valeursactuelles.com/actualit%C3%A9s/politique/guerre-d%E2%80%99amiens-bien-eu-lieu20120918.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=30 June 2013 |title=La guerre d'Amiens a bien eu lieu |first=Gilles |last=Gaetner |work=Valeurs actuelles |date=20 September 2012 }}</ref>

An extensive programme of redevelopment of these neighborhoods began recently, with demolition of HLM tower blocks and new infrastructure having been built, especially for schools. In 2009, the public transport network of the Amiens agglomeration was significantly modified.

===Housing===
[[File:Amiens_rue_du_Don.jpg|thumb|Houses in the Saint-Leu neighborhood.]]

In 2017, the total number of dwellings in the municipality was 73,541, while it was 63,178 in 1999.<ref name=complet>{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/2011101?geo=COM-80021|title=Dossier complet, Commune d'Amiens (80021)|publisher=[[Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques|INSEE]]|date=29 June 2020|access-date=2 September 2020}}</ref>

Among this housing, 88.7% were primary residences, 2.1% of secondary residences and 9.2% vacant housing. These dwellings were 35.6% of houses and 63.4% of apartments.<ref name=complet/>

The proportion of principal residences, which were the properties of occupants, was 31.9%, down from 2007 (34.4%). The share of empty rented [[HLM]] homes (social housing) was up: 29.8% against 29.4% in 2007, their number increased from 18,268 to 19,431.<ref name=complet/> However, this percentage remains much greater than the rate of 20% required by the {{interlanguage link|Loi relative à la solidarité et au renouvellement urbains|fr|3=Loi relative à la solidarité et au renouvellement urbains|lt=law on solidarity and urban renewal}} (SRU) for cities and agglomerations of more than 50,000 inhabitants.

The identity of the city is strongly marked by the specificity of its housing stock, consisting in a large proportion of detached houses, semi-detached, single or bourgeois: the ''amiénoises''. These traditional houses in the suburbs, in brick, were intrinsically linked to the expansion of the city during and after the [[Industrial Revolution]].

The ''amiénoise simple'' includes a window on the ground floor and floors for attic and basement. It is built on a plot of a few metres wide but is very deep, and includes a garden, forming hearts with green islets and sparse areas. The ''amiénoise double'' has two windows at each level. The ''grandes amiénoises'' and townhouses rise to at least two floors with large rooms. They can have a gate opening onto a paved courtyard.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://crdp.ac-amiens.fr/idp/page3/files/9233b8e97237acc21a3da03f14b66d0c-259.html|title= L'Amiénoise|first1= Alain|last1= Boulnois|date= 2008|publisher= le site du centre régional de documentation pédagogique de l'académie d'Amiens|access-date= 2 June 2015|archive-date= 24 May 2016|archive-url= http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160524015615/http://crdp.ac-amiens.fr/idp/page3/files/9233b8e97237acc21a3da03f14b66d0c-259.html|url-status= dead}}</ref>

The official buildings or mansions regularly use brick façades on a sandstone base, decorated by stone window and door frames.

The Chanoines neighborhood has stone façades exclusively.

In historic areas such as the {{interlanguage link|Saint-Leu (Amiens)|fr|3=Saint-Leu (Amiens)|lt=Saint-Leu}} neighborhood, façades widely use wood, [[half-timbered]] or [[siding (construction)|siding]], and [[wattle and daub]].

===Development projects===
* Amiens 2030: Amiens, in the context of the [[Communauté d'agglomération Amiens Métropole]], is developing a master development plan called Amiens 2030.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens.fr/actions-projets/meilleures-conditions-vie/projet-metropolitain/projet-metropolitain.html |title=Le projet métropolitain Amiens 2030 |work=amiens.fr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903155027/http://www.amiens.fr/actions-projets/meilleures-conditions-vie/projet-metropolitain/projet-metropolitain.html |archive-date=3 September 2014  }}</ref> This strategic outreach project is centered around the priority issues of economic, social and cultural development of the agglomeration. The whole process of reflection will determine the development of the metropolis by 2030.
* {{interlanguage link|Citadelle d'Amiens|fr|3=Citadelle d'Amiens|lt=La Citadelle}}: This flagship project for the agglomeration involves the amalgamation of units of training and research from the [[University of Picardie Jules Verne|University of Picardie]] in letters, languages, history, geography, philosophy, sociology, psychology and the {{interlanguage link|École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation|fr|3=École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation|lt=College teaching and education}} (ESPE) on the site of La Citadelle. It is to be set on {{convert|18|acre|ha}} on the outskirts of downtown. This university construction program is intended to strengthen regional competitiveness and the development of higher education and research. The project, entrusted to the Italian architect [[Renzo Piano]], will be accessible to all inhabitants.
* ZAC Gare-la-Vallée: The project intends to strengthen Amiens in its role as the regional capital and allow the creation of a genuine business district in the heart of the city. With a budget of €157&nbsp;million, the project combines tertiary activities, shops and a habitat walk from the [[Gare d'Amiens|station]] and the inner city. The first buildings were inaugurated in 2008. The second phase of development extended from 2012 to 2017. Under the control of the Chief Architect, [[Paul Chemetov]], the project will accommodate 2,000 homes, {{convert|200000|m2|sqft}} of offices and two urban parks creating a visible link between downtown, the [[River Somme|Somme]] and the ''hortillonnages''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens-garelavallee.fr/|title=Amiens Gare La Vallée|work=projet Gare-la-Vallée|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616222450/http://www.amiens-garelavallee.fr/|archive-date=16 June 2012}}</ref>
* ZAC Intercampus: This new housing and services project in the south of the city is projected to host 1,900 dwellings by 2030.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.courrier-picard.fr/region/construction-de-logements-revue-a-la-baisse-a-la-zac-ia167b0n446481|title=Construction de logements revue à la baisse à la ZAC Intercampus d'Amiens|first1=Alexandre|last1=Boudard|date=5 October 2014|publisher=Le Courrier picard|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923223424/http://www.courrier-picard.fr/region/construction-de-logements-revue-a-la-baisse-a-la-zac-ia167b0n446481|archive-date=23 September 2015}}</ref> A first tranche of 850 dwellings must be delivered in 2015. Located in the immediate vicinity of the campus and the CHU d'Amiens, it will be served by a future [[Bus lane|TCSP]]. The [[ecodistrict]] of {{convert|80|ha|acre}} is projected to provide green spaces and gardens, with 60% of its total area to not be built-up. It will include {{convert|12|ha|acre}} of gardens.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Intercampus/Le-projet-urbain|title=ZAC Intercampus sur le site d'Amiens Aménagement|access-date=2 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016132704/http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Intercampus/Le-projet-urbain|archive-date=16 October 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ZAC Paul Claudel: This new housing and services project of {{convert|40|ha|acre}} is located at the southern entrance to the city. Intended as a small neighborhood, it must accommodate 1,400 units and {{convert|1800|m2|sqft}} of commercial space. Designed in 4 slices, together with its inhabitants, it entered its final phase of development in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Les-vergers-Paul-Claudel/Le-projet-urbain|title=ZAC Paul Claudel sur le site d'Amiens Aménagement|access-date=2 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006095900/http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Les-vergers-Paul-Claudel/Le-projet-urbain|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* ZAC Renancourt: This new project must ensure the development of the city to the west. Located between the Grâce Valley, the Selle Valley, the Renancourt neighborhood and its suburb, this planning area is a natural viewpoint over the city. It is also adjacent to emblematic facilities of the city: The [[Zénith d'Amiens|Zenith of Amiens]], the [[Stade de la Licorne]] and the {{interlanguage link|Mégacité d'Amiens|fr|3=Mégacité d'Amiens|lt=megacity}}. By 2018, this residential area is projected to accommodate 1,400 houses, a hotel, facilities and shops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Renancourt/Le-projet-urbain|title=ZAC Renancourt|work=Amiens Aménagement|access-date=2 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006105142/http://www.amiens-amenagement.fr/Projets/Renancourt/Le-projet-urbain|archive-date=6 October 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[Bus rapid transit]] (BRT): A project of three BRT lines is under consideration for commissioning in 2019, at the end of two years of work. Estimated at €85&nbsp;million excluding taxes, and spanning {{convert|44|km|mi}}, the project would include the construction of a new bus depot and four [[park and ride]] stops.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.amiens.fr/actualite/3860/transport-bhns-cerise-sur-gateau-des-assises.html|title=Transport : le BHNS, cerise sur le gâteau des Assises|first1=Jean-Christophe|last1=Fouquet|date=11 February 2015|publisher=amiens.fr|access-date=2 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218120746/http://www.amiens.fr/actualite/3860/transport-bhns-cerise-sur-gateau-des-assises.html|archive-date=18 February 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> This project follows the cancellation of a tram project, which was endorsed by the municipal team in place between 2008 and 2014.