Editing Zoetrope (section)

==3D zoetropes==
[[File:Murey.jpg|thumb|Marey's 1887 zoetrope with ten sculptures of different phases of the flight of a gull]]
3D zoetropes apply the same principle to three-dimensional models, as already practiced by Czermak (1855) and Desvignes (1860) in predecessors of the zoetrope. In 1887, [[Étienne-Jules Marey]] used a large zoetrope to animate a series of plaster models based on his [[chronophotography|chronophotographs]] of birds in flight.<ref name="Herbert2">Herbert, Stephen. (n.d.) {{usurped|1=[https://archive.today/20140527175613/http://www.stephenherbert.co.uk/wheelZOETROPEpart2.htm ''From Daedaleum to Zoetrope'', Part 2.]}} Retrieved May 31, 2014.</ref> Modern equivalents normally dispense with the slitted drum and instead use a rapidly flashing [[strobe light]] to illuminate the models, producing much clearer and sharper distortion-free results. The models are mounted on a rotating base and the light flashes on and off within an extremely small fraction of a second as each successive model passes the same spot. The [[stroboscopic effect]] makes each seem to be a single animated object. By allowing the rotation speed to be slightly out of synchronization with the strobe, the animated objects can be made to appear to also move slowly forwards or backwards, according to how much faster or slower each rotation is than the corresponding series of strobe flashes.

===Ghibli===
The [[Ghibli Museum]] in Tokyo, Japan hosts a 3D zoetrope featuring characters from the animated movie ''[[My Neighbour Totoro]].'' The zoetrope is accompanied by an explanatory display, and is part of an exhibit explaining the principles of animation and historical devices.

===''Toy Story''===

[[Pixar]] created a 3D zoetrope inspired by [[Studio Ghibli|Ghibli]]'s for its touring exhibition, which first showed at the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in New York City and features characters from ''[[Toy Story 2]]''. Two more 3D Zoetropes were created by Pixar, both featuring 360-degree viewing. One was installed at [[Disney California Adventure]], sister park to [[Disneyland]], but has since been moved to The [[Walt Disney Studios (Burbank)|Walt Disney Studios]] Lot in Burbank, CA. The other was installed at [[Hong Kong Disneyland]] from 2010 until 2017, and is now shown in [[Disneyland Paris]] as of late 2019. The original ''Toy Story'' ''Zoetrope'' still travels worldwide and has been shown in 34 national museums and art galleries in 18 countries since 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pixar.com/art-exhibition|title=Pixar Animation Studios|website=Pixar Animation Studios|language=en-US|access-date=January 8, 2020|archive-date=March 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305202439/https://www.pixar.com/art-exhibition|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===''All Things Fall''===
''All Things Fall'' is a 3D printed zoetrope, created by British artist Mat Collishaw. It is inspired by a painting by [[Scarsellino|Ippolito Scarsella]] of ''[[Massacre of the Innocents|The Massacre of Innocents]]''.<ref name= ATF>{{cite web|url=http://www.factum-arte.com/pag/636/All-things-fall|title=Factum Arte :: All things Fall|author=Factum Arte, S.L.|access-date=August 20, 2015}}</ref> The work was presented during the solo exhibition ''Black Mirror'' at [[Galleria Borghese]] in Rome. It is made of steel, aluminium, plaster, resin, lit by [[LED lamp|LED lights]] and powered by an electric motor. Of his work, Collishaw says: "The zoetrope literally repeats characters to create an overwhelming orgy of violence that is simultaneously appalling and compelling." Each model figure was 3D printed with a [[fused deposition modeling]] technique in [[acrylonitrile butadiene styrene]].<ref name= ATF/>

===Peter Hudson===
Over the period 2002–2016, Peter Hudson and the makers at Spin Art, LLC, have created multiple [[interactive]] 3D stroboscopic zoetrope art [[installation art|installations]]. This began with ''Sisyphish'' (2002),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hudzo.com/?p=58 |title=Peter Hudson Zoetrope Video and News |publisher=Hudzo.com |date=January 26, 2008 |access-date=October 2, 2013}}</ref> a human powered zoetrope that used [[strobe light]] to animate human figures swimming on a large rotating disk. ''Sisyphish'', sometimes called ''The Playa Swimmers'',<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hobbs|first1=Jess|title=Support Peter Hudson's Charon|journal=Voices of Burning Man|date=April 2, 2011 |url=http://blog.burningman.com/2011/04/culture-art-music/support-peter-hudsons-charon/|access-date=April 2, 2011}}</ref>  was originally unveiled at the arts and culture event, ''[[Burning Man]]'', in the [[Black Rock Desert]] of [[Nevada]].

Peter has since created stroboscopic zoetropes from 2004 to present including: ''Deeper''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hudzo.com/?p=55 |title=Peter Hudson Zoetrope Video and News |publisher=Hudzo.com |date=January 26, 2005 |access-date=October 2, 2013}}</ref> (2004), ''Homouroboros''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hudzo.com/?p=45 |title=Homouroboros: Peter Hudson's Stroboscopic Zoetrope from 2007 |publisher=Hudzo.com |date=March 24, 2011 |access-date=October 2, 2013}}</ref> (2007), ''Tantalus''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hudzo.com/?p=3 |title=Peter Hudson Zoetrope Video and News |publisher=Hudzo.com |date=August 27, 2009 |access-date=October 2, 2013}}</ref> (2008), and ''Charon'',<ref>{{cite web|last1=Even|first1=Oddly|title=Rowing Skeletons / "Charon" by Peter Hudson (Burning Man 2011)|url=http://www.oddly-even.com/2011/10/05/rowing-skeletons-charon-by-peter-hudson-burning-man-2011_/|website=www.oddly-even.com|publisher=Wordpress|access-date=October 5, 2011}}</ref> which toured Europe<ref>{{cite web|title=Charon at Fusion Festival|url=http://wuestengefluester.axelvetter.de/Nachrichten/files/tag-fusion-festival.html|website=wuestengefluester.axelvetter.de|access-date=March 4, 2015|archive-date=August 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170819153836/http://wuestengefluester.axelvetter.de/Nachrichten/files/tag-fusion-festival.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the United Kingdom in summer of 2012.<ref name="Architects Journal 2012">{{cite web|last1=Fulcher|first1=Merlin|title=Secret Garden Party begins hunt for 2013 architectural visionaries|url=http://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/daily-news/secret-garden-party-begins-hunt-for-2013-architectural-visionaries/8633591.article|website=www.architectsjournal.co.uk/|date=July 25, 2012|publisher=EMAP Publishing Limited|access-date=July 25, 2012}}</ref> The ''Charon'' zoetrope is built to resemble and rotate in the same kinetic fashion as a ferris wheel, stands at 32&nbsp;feet high, weighs 8&nbsp;tons and features twenty rowing skeleton figures<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sunde|first1=Lisa|title=Charon|url=http://hudzodesign.com/zoetropes/charon/|website=www.hudzodesign.com|publisher=Wordpress π}}</ref> representing the mythological character, [[Charon (mythology)|Charon]], who carries souls of the newly deceased across the river [[Styx]].
Hudson's most recent zoetrope creation is entitled ''Eternal Return'', took two years to build, and was unveiled in 2014 in the Black Rock Desert.

Peter Hudson's zoetropes are based in San Francisco<ref>{{cite web|title=Peter Hudson Bio|url=http://hudzodesign.com/|website=hudzodesign.com/bio/|access-date=March 4, 2015|archive-date=February 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150224010148/http://hudzodesign.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref> are exhibited at various festivals and special events in the United States and internationally throughout the year.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Rosato Jr.|first1=Joe|title=San Francisco Artist Puts a New Spin on Old Art|url=http://www.nbcbayarea.com/news/local/San-Francisco-Artist-Puts-a-New-Spin-on-Old-Art-287297411.html|access-date=January 1, 2015|agency=NBC Bay Area Local News|publisher=NBC|date=January 1, 2015}}</ref>

===Other examples===
Wick Alexander and Robin Brailsford's 2001 4-piece artwork titled "Moving Pictures" consists of 4 sculptural zoetropes at different public locations in Culver City, California.<ref name="pub art in la">{{cite web |title="Moving Pictures": Wick Alexander and Robin Brailsford |url=http://www.publicartinla.com/sculptures/zoetrope.html |publisher=Public Art in L.A. |access-date=October 15, 2020}}</ref><ref name="mww">{{cite book |title=Moving Pictures, 2001 |publisher=Museum Without Walls }}</ref>