Editing Yitzhak Rabin (section)

==Second term as Prime Minister==
[[File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - PM YITZHAK RABIN and his family at his apartment.jpg|thumb|Rabin at home with his wife, grandson, daughter, then son-in-law, and two of his granddaughters in 1992.]]
[[File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - PM YITZHAK RABIN AND JORDAN'S KING HUSSEIN SIGN THE PEACE TREATY.jpg|thumb|[[Bill Clinton]] watches Jordan's [[King Hussein]] (left) and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (right) sign the [[Israel–Jordan peace treaty]]]]
[[File:Bill Clinton, Yitzhak Rabin, Yasser Arafat at the White House 1993-09-13.jpg|thumb|Yitzhak Rabin, [[Bill Clinton]], and [[Yasser Arafat]] during the [[Oslo Accords]] on 13 September 1993]]
[[File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - P.M. Rabin with Russian Immigrants.jpg|thumb|Rabin shaking hands with new Russian immigrants on their flight to Israel in 1994]]
In the [[1992 Israeli legislative election]], the Labor Party, led by Rabin, strongly focused on his popularity. The party managed to win a clear victory over the Likud of incumbent Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir. However, the left-wing bloc in the [[Knesset]] only won an overall narrow majority, facilitated by the failure of small nationalist parties to pass the electoral threshold. Rabin formed the first Labor-led government in fifteen years, supported by a coalition with [[Meretz]], a left wing party, and [[Shas]], a [[Mizrahi Jew|Mizrahi]] [[Haredi Judaism|ultra-orthodox]] religious party.

On 25 July 1993, after [[Hezbollah]] fired rockets into northern Israel, Rabin authorized a week-long [[Operation Accountability|military operation]] in Lebanon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mako.co.il/pzm-israel-wars/operation-accountability/Article-1ac1946697ec041006.htm|title=מבצע דין וחשבון: שלב אחר שלב|date=12 September 2013|website=mako}}</ref> Rabin played a leading role in the signing of the [[Oslo Accords]], which created the [[Palestinian National Authority]] and granted it partial control over parts of the [[Gaza Strip]] and [[West Bank]]. Prior to the signing of the accords, Rabin received [[Israel–Palestine Liberation Organization letters of recognition|a letter]] from PLO chairman [[Yasser Arafat]] renouncing violence and officially recognizing Israel, and on the same day, 9 September 1993, Rabin sent Arafat a letter officially recognizing the PLO.<ref name=Gelvin2007>{{cite book |year=2007 |author=Gelvin, James L |author-link=James L. Gelvin |chapter=Chapter 10: Coming full circle – Oslo and its aftermath |title=The Israel-Palestine conflict: One Hundred Years of War |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FwAT5fx03IC&q=israel-palestine+conflict |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5FwAT5fx03IC&q=%22rabin+reads+as+follows%22&pg=PA233 |page=233 |place=Cambridge & New York |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-0-521-71652-9 |access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref> Two days earlier, Rabin explained that his main motive for negotiating with Palestinians was that, "The Palestinians will be better at it than we were, ... because they will allow no appeals to the Supreme Court
and will prevent the Israeli Association of Civil Rights from criticizing the conditions there by denying it access to the area. They will rule by their own methods, freeing, and this is most important, the Israeli army soldiers from having to do what they will do."<ref>''[[Yedioth Ahronoth]]'', 7 September 1993, cited from <!-- Graham Usher (Winter 1996) "The Politics of Internal Security: The PA's New Intelligence Services", Journal of Palestine Studies, 25(2)21–34 -->{{cite Q|Q127171442|page=28}}, note 28.</ref> 

After the announcement of the [[Oslo Accords]] there were many protest demonstrations in Israel objecting to the Accords. As these protests dragged on, Rabin insisted that as long as he had a majority in the [[Knesset]] he would ignore the protests and the protesters. In this context he said, "they (the protesters) can spin around and around like propellers"<ref>{{cite news |title=Her Grandfather, His Legacy |author=Leora Eren Frucht |url=http://info.jpost.com/C005/Supplements/Rabin/5.01.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060324012050/http://info.jpost.com/C005/Supplements/Rabin/5.01.html |archive-date=24 March 2006 |work=Jerusalem Post |date= 3 November 2000 |access-date=3 April 2012}}</ref> but he would continue on the path of the Oslo Accords. Rabin's parliamentary majority rested on non-coalition member Arab support.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rabinovich|first=Itamar|title=Israel in the Middle East: documents and readings on society, politics, and foreign relations, pre-1948 to the present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iVJR9UZnTVAC&q=rabin+knesset+majority+jews+arabs&pg=PA186|isbn=978-0-87451-962-4|year=2008}}</ref> Rabin also denied the right of American Jews to object to his plan for peace, calling any such dissent "[[chutzpah]]".<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.shmuelkatz.com/Articles/YitzhakRabinsOwnChutzpah.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716055919/http://www.shmuelkatz.com/Articles/YitzhakRabinsOwnChutzpah.pdf |archive-date=16 July 2011 |url-status=live|title=Yitzhak Rabin's Own Chutzpah...|newspaper=Jewish Daily Forward|date=20 October 1995|first=Shmuel|last=Katz}}</ref> The Oslo agreement was also opposed by [[Hamas]] and other Palestinian factions, which launched [[List of Palestinian suicide attacks#1990s|suicide bombings]] at Israel.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/08/22/world/bus-bombing-kills-five-in-jerusalem-100-are-wounded.html?pagewanted=all&src=pm|title=Bus bombing kills five in Jerusalem; 100 are wounded|newspaper=New York Times|date=22 August 1995|first=Serge|last=Schmemann}}</ref>

After the historical handshake with Yasser Arafat,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/20-years-on-rabins-right-hand-man-regrets-arguments-won-and-lost/|title=20 years on, Rabin's right-hand man regrets arguments won, and lost|newspaper=The Times of Israel|access-date=28 November 2016}}</ref> Rabin said, on behalf of the Israeli people, 
<blockquote>
"We who have fought against you, the Palestinians, we say to you today, in a loud and a clear voice; Enough of blood and tears. Enough!"<ref>{{cite book|first=Yitzhak|last=Rabin|title=The Rabin Memoirs, Expanded Edition with Recent Speeches, New Photographs, and an Afterword|year=1996|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-20766-0|page=401|quote=Let me say to you, the Palestinians: We are destined to live together, on the same soil in the same land. We, the soldiers who have returned from battle stained with blood, we who have seen our relatives and friends killed before our eyes, we who have attended their funerals and cannot look into the eyes of parents and orphans, we who have come from a land where parents bury their children, we who have fought against you, the Palestinians – we say to you today in a loud and clear voice; Enough of blood and tears. Enough.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gb8sjKSTvFwC&q=We+say+to+you+today+in+a+loud+and+clear+voice%3A+Enough+of+blood+and+tears.+Enough.&pg=PA401}}</ref><ref name=DicusUPI1993>{{cite web |author=Dicus, Howard |year=1993 |title=1993 Year in Review: Israeli-Palestinian Peace Treaty |url=http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1993/Israeli-Palestinian-Peace-Treaty/12315348902747-2/ |publisher=United Press International |access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref>
</blockquote>
During this term of office, Rabin also oversaw the signing of the [[Israel–Jordan peace treaty]] in 1994.<ref name=DicusuPI1994>{{cite web |year=1994 |author=Dicus, Howard |title=1994 Year in Review: Treaty between Israel and Jordan and Peace in Ireland |url=http://www.upi.com/Audio/Year_in_Review/Events-of-1994/Treaty-between-Israel-and-Jordan-and-Peace-in-Ireland/12295509437788-4/ |publisher=United Press International |access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref>

===Economic and social reforms===
Rabin significantly reformed Israel's economy, as well as its education and healthcare systems. His government significantly expanded the [[privatization]] of business, moving away from the country's traditionally socialized economy. The scheme was described by [[Moshe Arens]] as a "privatization frenzy". In 1993, his government set up the "Yozma" program, under which attractive tax incentives were offered to foreign [[venture capital]] funds that invested in Israel and promised to double any investment with government funding. As a result, foreign venture capital funds invested heavily in the growing Israeli high-tech industry, contributing to Israel's economic growth and status as a world leader in high-tech. In 1995, the National Health Insurance Law was passed. The law created Israel's [[universal health care]] system, moving away from the traditionally [[Histadrut]]-dominated health insurance system. Doctors' wages were also raised by 50%. Education spending was raised by 70%, with new colleges being built in Israel's peripheral areas, and teachers' wages rising by one-fifth. His government also launched new public works projects such as the [[Highway 6 (Israel)|Cross-Israel Highway]] and an expansion of [[Ben Gurion Airport]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marketwatch.com/story/yitzhak-rabins-little-known-economic-legacy-2015-10-29|title=Yitzhak Rabin's little-known economic legacy|first=Amotz|last=Asa-El}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/opinion/watch-what-you-privatize-1.5392904|title=Be Careful What You Privatize|date=30 August 2015|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.haaretz.com/1.5410499|title=The Bottom Line / When the Horses Are Far, Far Away|date=26 September 2001|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.city-journal.org/html/silicon-israel-13208.html|title=Silicon Israel|date=23 December 2015}}</ref>

===Nobel Peace Prize===
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| quote = I always believed that most of the people want peace and are ready to take a risk for it.
| source = —Rabin declared to the rally in 1995, shortly before his death.<ref name="Schmemann 1995 n958">{{cite web | last=Schmemann | first=Serge | title=Assassination in Israel: The Overview; Rabin Slain After Peace Rally in Tel Aviv; Israeli Gunman Held; Says He Acted Alone  | website=The New York Times | date=5 Nov 1995 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/05/world/assassination-israel-overview-rabin-slain-after-peace-rally-tel-aviv-israeli.html | access-date=1 May 2024}}</ref>
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[[File:Flickr - Government Press Office (GPO) - THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE LAUREATES FOR 1994 IN OSLO..jpg|thumb|(right to left) Yitzhak Rabin, Shimon Peres and Yasser Arafat receiving the Nobel Peace Prize following the Oslo Accords]]

For his role in the creation of the Oslo Accords, Rabin was awarded the 1994 [[Nobel Peace Prize]], along with [[Yasser Arafat]] and [[Shimon Peres]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1994/rabin-bio.html |title=Yitzhak Rabin – Biographical|publisher=Nobelprize.org |access-date=31 August 2011}}</ref><ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1994/ Nobel Prize.org] 1994 Nobel Prize Laureates</ref> "[M]any Palestinians viewed the peace treaty with Israel as a temporary measure only".<ref>{{cite book |last=Karsh |first=Efraim |title=Islamic Imperialism: A History |url=https://archive.org/details/islamicimperiali00kars |url-access=registration |quote=many Palestinians viewed the peace treaty with Israel as a temporary measure only. |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2006 |page=[https://archive.org/details/islamicimperiali00kars/page/181 181] |isbn=978-0-300-10603-9}}</ref>

<blockquote>Military cemeteries in every corner of the world are silent testimony to the failure of national leaders to sanctify human life.
:— Yitzhak Rabin, 1994 Nobel Peace Prize lecture<ref>[http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1994/rabin-lecture.html 1994 Nobel Peace Prize lecture] (10 December 1994)</ref></blockquote>