Editing World Economic Forum (section)

===Initiatives===
==== Health ====
On 19 January 2017 the [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations]] (CEPI), a global initiative to fight epidemics, was launched at WEF in Davos. The internationally funded initiative aims at securing vaccine supplies for global emergencies and pandemics, and to research new vaccines for tropical diseases, that are now more menacing. The project is funded by private and governmental donors, with an initial investment of US$460m from the governments of Germany, Japan and Norway, plus the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust.<ref>D. G. McNeil Jr (2017). [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/health/partnership-epidemic-preparedness.html?hpw&rref=health&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well Donors and Drug Makers Offer $500 Million to Control Global Epidemics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171201045140/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/18/health/partnership-epidemic-preparedness.html?hpw&rref=health&action=click&pgtype=Homepage&module=well-region&region=bottom-well&WT.nav=bottom-well |date=1 December 2017 }}. ''The New York Times''. accessed 20 January 2017.</ref>{{Anchor|EBP}}

Between 21 and 24 January 2020, at the early stages of the [[COVID-19 pandemic|COVID-19 outbreak]], [[Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations|CEPI]] met with leaders from [[Moderna]] to establish plans for a [[COVID-19 vaccine]] at the [[Davos, Switzerland|Davos]] gathering,<ref>{{cite web |title=What we know about the Wuhan coronavirus and urgent plans to develop a vaccine for it |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/wuhan-coronavirus-china-cepi-vaccine-davos/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=9 September 2020 |language=en |archive-date=26 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200826142434/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/wuhan-coronavirus-china-cepi-vaccine-davos/ |url-status=live }}</ref> with a total global case number of 274 and total loss of life the virus at 16.<ref>{{cite web |title=WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard |url=https://covid19.who.int/ |website=covid19.who.int |access-date=9 September 2020 |language=en |archive-date=16 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416183953/https://covid19.who.int/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[World Health Organization|WHO]] declared a global health emergency 6 days later.<ref>{{cite news |title=WHO declares coronavirus outbreak a global health emergency |url=https://www.statnews.com/2020/01/30/who-declares-coronavirus-outbreak-a-global-health-emergency |access-date=9 September 2020 |work=STAT |date=30 January 2020 |archive-date=9 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200909231337/https://www.statnews.com/2020/01/30/who-declares-coronavirus-outbreak-a-global-health-emergency/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Society ====
The Global Water Initiative brings together diverse stakeholders such as [[Alcan Inc.]], the [[Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation]], [[USAID]] India, [[UNDP]] India, [[Confederation of Indian Industry]] (CII), Government of [[Rajasthan]], and the [[NEPAD]] Business Foundation to develop public-private partnerships on water management in South Africa and India.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}}

In an effort to combat corruption, the Partnering Against Corruption Initiative (PACI) was launched by CEOs from the engineering and construction, energy and [[metals]], and mining industries at the annual meeting in Davos during January 2004. PACI is a platform for peer exchange on practical experience and dilemma situations. Approximately 140 companies have joined the initiative.<ref name=pigman4>{{cite book |title=The World Economic Forum – A Multi-Stakeholder Approach to Global Governance |last=Pigman |first=Geoffrey Allen |page=115 |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-415-70204-1 |publisher=Routledge |location=London}}</ref>

==== Environment ====
{{Further|Business action on climate change}}

In the beginning of the 21st century, the forum began to increasingly deal with environmental issues.<ref name="World Economic Forum">{{cite web |title=Environment and Natural Resource Security |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/archive/environment-and-natural-resource-security |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=3 May 2020 |archive-date=1 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501030906/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/archive/environment-and-natural-resource-security |url-status=live }}</ref> In the Davos Manifesto 2020 it is said that a company among other:
* "acts as a steward of the environmental and material universe for future generations. It consciously protects our biosphere and champions a circular, shared and regenerative economy."
* "responsibly manages near-term, medium-term and long-term value creation in pursuit of sustainable shareholder returns that do not sacrifice the future for the present."
* "is more than an economic unit generating wealth. It fulfils human and societal aspirations as part of the broader social system. Performance must be measured not only on the return to shareholders, but also on how it achieves its environmental, social and good governance objectives."<ref>{{cite web |last=Schwab |first=Klaus |title=Davos Manifesto 2020: The Universal Purpose of a Company in the Fourth Industrial Revolution |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/12/davos-manifesto-2020-the-universal-purpose-of-a-company-in-the-fourth-industrial-revolution/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=3 May 2020 |archive-date=10 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200510170243/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/12/davos-manifesto-2020-the-universal-purpose-of-a-company-in-the-fourth-industrial-revolution/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Environmental Initiative covers climate change and water issues. Under the [[2005 G8 Summit|Gleneagles Dialogue on Climate Change]], the [[government of the United Kingdom|U.K. government]] asked the World Economic Forum at the [[31st G8 summit|G8 Summit in Gleneagles in 2005]] to facilitate a dialogue with the business community to develop recommendations for reducing [[greenhouse gas emissions]]. This set of recommendations, endorsed by a global group of CEOs, was presented to leaders ahead of the G8 Summit in [[Toyako]], Hokkaido, Japan held in July 2008.<ref>Black, Richard (20 June 2008). [http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7464517.stm "Business Chiefs Urge Carbon Curbs"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923021238/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7464517.stm |date=23 September 2016}} ''[[BBC News]]''. accessed 25 January 2011.</ref><ref>Szabo, Michael (19 June 2008). [https://www.reuters.com/article/environmentNews/idUSL1944804220080620?feedType=RSS&feedName=environmentNews "Business Chiefs Call for G8 Climate Leadership"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090131122901/https://www.reuters.com/article/environmentNews/idUSL1944804220080620?feedType=RSS&feedName=environmentNews |date=31 January 2009}} ''[[Reuters]]''. accessed 25 January 2011.</ref>

In 2016 WEF published an article in which it is said, that in some cases reducing consumption can increase well-being. In the article is mentioned that in [[Costa Rica]] the GDP is 4 times smaller than in many countries in Western Europe and North America, but people live longer and better. An American study shows that those whose income is higher than $75,000, do not necessarily have an increase in well-being. To better measure well-being, the New Economics Foundation's launched the [[Happy Planet Index]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Belton |first1=Teresa |title=Why becoming a 'happily modest consumer' could help save the planet |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/want-to-protect-the-planet-pursue-personal-happiness |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=24 May 2020 |archive-date=18 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200518094158/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/12/want-to-protect-the-planet-pursue-personal-happiness |url-status=live }}</ref>

In January 2017, WEF launched the Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy (PACE), which is a global [[public private partnership]] seeking to scale [[circular economy]] innovations.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.weforum.org/projects/circular-economy/|title=Circular Economy|website=World Economic Forum|access-date=7 December 2019|archive-date=17 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190817095101/https://www.weforum.org/projects/circular-economy|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://toplink.weforum.org/knowledge/insight/a1Gb0000000pTDMEA2/explore/summary|title=TopLink|website=toplink.weforum.org|access-date=3 April 2019|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402055419/https://toplink.weforum.org/knowledge/insight/a1Gb0000000pTDMEA2/explore/summary|url-status=live}}</ref> PACE is co-chaired by [[Frans van Houten]] (CEO of [[Philips]]), Naoko Ishii (CEO of the [[Global Environment Facility]], and the head of [[United Nations Environment Programme]] (UNEP).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.acceleratecirculareconomy.org/|title=Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy|website=Platform for Accelerating the Circular Economy|access-date=3 April 2019|archive-date=2 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190402084939/https://www.acceleratecirculareconomy.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Ellen MacArthur Foundation]], the [[International Resource Panel]], Circle Economy, [[Chatham House]], the Dutch [[National Institute for Public Health and the Environment]], the [[United Nations Environment Programme]] and [[Accenture]] serve as knowledge partners, and the program is supported by the UK [[Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs]], [[DSM (company)|DSM]], [[FrieslandCampina]], [[Global Affairs Canada]], the Dutch [[Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management]], [[Rabobank]], [[Shell plc|Shell]], [[SITRA]], and [[Unilever]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Members |url=https://pacecircular.org/partners |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220418213020/https://pacecircular.org/partners |archive-date=2022-04-18 |access-date=2022-08-16 |website=PACE |language=en}}</ref>

The Forum emphasized its 'Environment and Natural Resource Security Initiative' for the 2017 meeting to achieve inclusive economic growth and sustainable practices for global industries. With increasing limitations on [[International trade|world trade]] through national interests and trade barriers, the WEF has moved towards a more sensitive and socially-minded approach for global businesses with a focus on the reduction of [[carbon emission]]s in China and other large industrial nations.<ref>[https://www.weforum.org/system-initiatives/environment-and-natural-resource-security ''Shaping the Future of Environment and Natural Resource Security''] The World Economic Forum Davos 2017. accessed 16 January 2017 {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711144259/https://www.weforum.org/system-initiatives/environment-and-natural-resource-security |date=11 July 2017 }}</ref>

Also in 2017, WEF launched the [[Fourth Industrial Revolution]] (4IR) for the Earth Initiative, a collaboration among WEF, [[Stanford University]] and [[Pwc|PwC]], and funded through the Mava Foundation<!-- also referred to as the MAVA Foundation -->.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.waterbriefing.org/home/technology-focus/item/14404-new-global-initiative-to-help-harness-4ir-technologies-to-tackle-environmental-issues|title=New global initiative will help harness 4IR technologies tackle environmental issues|last=<!-- no byline -->|date=21 September 2017|work=Waterbriefing|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-date=9 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309013209/https://www.waterbriefing.org/home/technology-focus/item/14404-new-global-initiative-to-help-harness-4ir-technologies-to-tackle-environmental-issues|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2018, WEF announced that one project within this initiative was to be the [[Earth BioGenome Project]], the aim of which is to sequence the genomes of every organism on Earth.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.drugdevelopment-technology.com/news/project-sequence-genomes-earth-begin-amazon-rainforest/|title=Project to sequence all genomes on Earth to begin in Amazon rainforest|last=Casey|first=JP|date=25 January 2018|work=Drug Development Technology|access-date=26 January 2018|archive-date=27 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180127020517/http://www.drugdevelopment-technology.com/news/project-sequence-genomes-earth-begin-amazon-rainforest/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The World Economic Forum is working to eliminate [[plastic pollution]], stating that by 2050 it will consume 15% of the global [[Emissions budget|carbon budget]] and will pass by its weight fishes in the world's oceans. One of the methods is to achieve [[circular economy]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hughes |first1=Kristin |title=3 ways we are making an impact on plastic pollution |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/we-created-an-initiative-to-fight-plastic-waste-here-are-3-takeaways-from-our-first-year/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=3 May 2020 |archive-date=9 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509020530/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2019/09/we-created-an-initiative-to-fight-plastic-waste-here-are-3-takeaways-from-our-first-year/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Rooney |first1=Katharine |title=The story of two brothers who travelled through a river of trash and inspired a nation |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/how-does-indonesia-deal-with-plastic-pollution/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=3 May 2020 |archive-date=27 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427165708/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/how-does-indonesia-deal-with-plastic-pollution/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The theme of the 2020 World Economic Forum annual meeting was 'Stakeholders for a Cohesive and Sustainable World'. Climate change and sustainability were central themes of discussion. Many argued that GDP is failed to represent correctly the wellbeing and that [[fossil fuel subsidies]] should be stopped. Many of the participants said that a better capitalism is needed. [[Al Gore]] summarized the ideas in the conference as: "The version of capitalism we have today in our world must be reformed".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Worland |first1=Justin |title=How Davos Became a Climate Change Conference |url=https://time.com/5771889/davos-climate-change/ |access-date=31 January 2020 |agency=Times |date=27 January 2020 |archive-date=29 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129005952/https://time.com/5771889/davos-climate-change/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

In this meeting the World Economic Forum:

* Launched the [[Trillion Tree Campaign]] an initiative aiming to "grow, restore and conserve 1 trillion trees over the next 10 years around the world – in a bid to restore [[biodiversity]] and help fight [[climate change]]". [[Donald Trump]] joined the initiative. The forum stated that: "Nature-based solutions – locking-up carbon in the world's forests, grasslands and wetlands – can provide up to one-third of the emissions reductions required by 2030 to meet the Paris Agreement targets," adding that the rest should come from the heavy industry, finance and transportation sectors. One of the targets is to unify existing [[reforestation]] projects<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pomeroy |first1=Robin |title=One trillion trees – World Economic Forum launches plan to help nature and the climate |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/one-trillion-trees-world-economic-forum-launches-plan-to-help-nature-and-the-climate |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=12 March 2020 |archive-date=12 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200312004502/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/one-trillion-trees-world-economic-forum-launches-plan-to-help-nature-and-the-climate/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Discussed the issue of climate change and called to expanding [[renewable energy]], [[efficient energy use|energy efficiency]] change the patterns of [[Resource consumption|consumption]] and remove carbon from the atmosphere. The forum concluded that the climate crisis will become a [[climate apocalypse]] should the temperature rise by 2°C above pre-industrial levels. The forum called  on governments to fulfil the commitments in [[Paris Agreement]]. [[Jennifer Morgan (activist)|Jennifer Morgan]], special representative for international climate policy of the Federal Foreign Office in Germany, said that as to the beginning of the forum, fossil fuels still get three times more money than climate solutions.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pomeroy |first1=Robin |title=What you need to know about Davos 2020: How to save the planet |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/how-to-save-the-planet-davos-climate-pollution-what-to-know/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=3 May 2020 |archive-date=9 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200509084225/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/01/how-to-save-the-planet-davos-climate-pollution-what-to-know/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

At the 2021 annual meeting [[UNFCCC]] launched the 'UN Race-to-Zero Emissions Breakthroughs'. The aim of the campaign is to transform 20 sectors of the economy in order to achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions. At least 20% of each sector should take specific measures, and 10 sectors should be transformed before COP&nbsp;26 in Glasgow. According to the organizers, 20% is a tipping point, after which the whole sector begins to irreversibly change.<ref>{{cite web |title=Launch of UN Race-to-Zero Emissions Breakthroughs |url=https://unfccc.int/news/launch-of-un-race-to-zero-emissions-breakthroughs |website=United Nations Climate Change |publisher=United Nations |access-date=21 February 2021 |archive-date=21 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221202833/https://unfccc.int/news/launch-of-un-race-to-zero-emissions-breakthroughs |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Transforming our systems together |url=https://racetozero.unfccc.int/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Race-to-Zero-Breakthroughs-Transforming-Our-Systems-Together.pdf |website=Race-to-Zero-Breakthroughs |publisher=United Nations |access-date=21 February 2021 |archive-date=9 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210209094037/https://racetozero.unfccc.int/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Race-to-Zero-Breakthroughs-Transforming-Our-Systems-Together.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

===== Coronavirus and green recovery =====
In April 2020, the forum published an article that postulates that the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to the destruction of nature. The number of emerging diseases is rising and this rise is linked to [[deforestation]] and [[species loss]]. In the article, there are multiple examples of the degradation of ecological systems caused by humans. It is also says that half of the global [[GDP]] is moderately or largely dependent on nature. The article concludes that the recovery from the pandemic should be linked to nature recovery.<ref name="weforum.org"/>

The forum proposed a plan for a [[green recovery]]. The plan includes advancing [[circular economy]]. Among the mentioned methods, there is [[green building]], [[sustainable transport]], [[organic farming]], [[urban open space]], [[renewable energy]] and [[electric vehicle]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bleischwitz |first=Raimund |title=COVID-19: 5 ways to create a green recovery |url=https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/five-ways-to-kickstart-a-green-recovery/ |website=World Economic Forum |access-date=19 July 2020 |archive-date=4 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200804181309/https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/five-ways-to-kickstart-a-green-recovery |url-status=live }}</ref>