Editing Uganda (section)

===Corruption===
{{main|Corruption in Uganda}}
[[Transparency International]] has rated Uganda's public sector as one of the most corrupt in the world. In 2016, Uganda ranked 151st best out of 176 and had a score of 25 on a scale from 0 (perceived as most corrupt) to 100 (perceived as clean).<ref name=CPI>{{cite web | title=Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 | url=https://www.transparency.org/country/UGA | publisher=Transparency International | access-date=17 April 2017 | archive-date=19 April 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170419004359/https://www.transparency.org/country/UGA | url-status=live }}</ref>

The [[World Bank]]'s 2015 Worldwide Governance Indicators ranked Uganda in the worst 12 percentile of all countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dataviz.worldbank.org/t/DECDG/views/WGI-9-23-16/TableView?:embed=y&:loadOrderID=0&:display_count=no&:display_spinner=no&:showShareOptions=true&:showVizHome=no|title=Workbook: WGI-9-23-16|website=dataviz.worldbank.org|access-date=18 April 2017|archive-date=18 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418162841/http://dataviz.worldbank.org/t/DECDG/views/WGI-9-23-16/TableView?:embed=y&:loadOrderID=0&:display_count=no&:display_spinner=no&:showShareOptions=true&:showVizHome=no|url-status=live}}</ref> According to the [[United States Department of State]]'s 2012 Human Rights Report on Uganda, "The World Bank's most recent Worldwide Governance Indicators reflected corruption was a severe problem" and that "the country annually loses 768.9 billion shillings ($286 million) to corruption."<ref name="Uganda 2012 Human Rights Report"/>

Ugandan parliamentarians in 2014 earned 60 times what was earned by most state employees, and they sought a major increase. This caused widespread criticism and protests, including the smuggling of two piglets into the parliament in June 2014 to highlight corruption amongst members of parliament. The protesters, who were arrested, used the word "MPigs" to highlight their grievance.<ref name="UganadaMPs">{{cite news |title=Piglets released in Ugandan parliament investigated for terrorism |url=http://www.ugandanews.net/index.php/sid/223128407/scat/faaba65027d16d8c/ht/Piglets-released-in-Ugandan-parliament-investigated-for-terrorism |access-date=23 June 2014 |publisher=Uganda News.Net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011010209/http://www.ugandanews.net/index.php/sid/223128407/scat/faaba65027d16d8c/ht/Piglets-released-in-Ugandan-parliament-investigated-for-terrorism |archive-date=11 October 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

A specific scandal, which had significant international consequences and highlighted the presence of corruption in high-level government offices, was the embezzlement of $12.6 million of donor funds from the Office of the Prime Minister in 2012. These funds were "earmarked as crucial support for rebuilding northern Uganda, ravaged by a 20-year war, and Karamoja, Uganda's poorest region." This scandal prompted the EU, the United Kingdom, Germany, Denmark, Ireland, and Norway to suspend aid.<ref>Human Rights Watch. (2013). [https://www.hrw.org/reports/2013/10/21/letting-big-fish-swim-0 Letting the Big Fish Swim] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707083249/http://www.hrw.org/reports/2013/10/21/letting-big-fish-swim-0 |date=7 July 2015 }}.</ref>

Widespread grand and petty corruption involving public officials and political patronage systems have also seriously affected the investment climate in Uganda. One of the high corruption risk areas is the public procurement in which non-transparent under-the-table cash payments are often demanded from procurement officers.<ref>{{cite web | title=A Snapshot of Corruption in Uganda | url=http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/uganda-version/snapshot.aspx | publisher=Business Anti-Corruption Portal | access-date=24 March 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914133543/http://www.business-anti-corruption.com/country-profiles/sub-saharan-africa/uganda-version/snapshot.aspx | archive-date=14 September 2014 | url-status=dead }}</ref>

What may ultimately compound this problem is the availability of oil. The Petroleum Bill, passed by parliament in 2012 and touted by the NRM as bringing transparency to the oil sector, has failed to please domestic and international political commentators and economists. For instance, Angelo Izama, a Ugandan energy analyst at the US-based Open Society Foundation said the new law was tantamount to "handing over an ATM (cash) machine" to Museveni and his regime.<ref>Biryabarema, Elias. (2012). [https://www.reuters.com/article/uganda-oil-idUSL5E8N7AJH20121207 "Ugandan Lawmakers Pass Oil Bill, Worry About Corruption"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924172449/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/12/07/uganda-oil-idUSL5E8N7AJH20121207 |date=24 September 2015 }}. ''Thomson Reuters''</ref> According to Global Witness in 2012, a non-governmental organisation devoted to international law, Uganda now has "oil reserves that have the potential to double the government's revenue within six to ten years, worth an estimated US $2.4 billion per year."<ref>Global Witness (2 March 2012). [http://www.globalwitness.org/library/ugandas-oil-laws-global-witness-analysis "UGANDA'S OIL LAWS: GLOBAL WITNESS ANALYSIS"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029184413/http://www.globalwitness.org/library/ugandas-oil-laws-global-witness-analysis |date=29 October 2013 }}, accessed 21 January 2016</ref>

The Non-Governmental Organizations (Amendment) Act, passed in 2006, has stifled the productivity of NGOs through erecting barriers to entry, activity, funding and assembly within the sector. Burdensome and corrupt registration procedures (i.e. requiring recommendations from government officials; annual re-registration), unreasonable regulation of operations (i.e. requiring government notification prior to making contact with individuals in NGO's area of interest), and the precondition that all foreign funds be passed through the Bank of Uganda, among other things, are severely limiting the output of the NGO sector. Furthermore, the sector's freedom of speech has been continually infringed upon through the use of intimidation, and the recent Public Order Management Bill (severely limiting freedom of assembly) will only add to the government's stockpile of ammunition.<ref>The International Center for Not-For-Profit Law. (2012). [http://www.icnl.org/research/monitor/uganda.html NGO Law Monitor: Uganda] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029191439/http://www.icnl.org/research/monitor/uganda.html |date=29 October 2013 }}.</ref>

A leaked confidential document exposes scandals in Uganda's Office of the Prime Minister, including distribution of rotten food, excessive spending, land grabbing allegations, and controversial handling of political matters. These revelations raise questions about the office's ethics and transparency and involves Charles Odongtho, the OPM's public relations expert.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://chimpreports.com/scandal-leaked-document-exposes-hidden-secrets-in-opm/ | title=Scandal: Leaked Document Exposes Hidden Secrets in OPM | date=15 December 2024 }}</ref>