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==Practical implications== In smaller elections, such as those in assemblies or private organizations, it is sometimes possible to conduct both rounds in quick succession. More commonly, however, large-scale public elections the two rounds of runoff voting are held on separate days, and so involve voters going to the polls twice and governments conducting two elections. As a result, one of the most common criticisms against the two-round system is that the cost and difficulty of casting a ballot is effectively doubled.<ref>{{cite web |title=RCV versus Two-Round Runoff |url=https://www.fairvote.org/rcv_versus_two-round_runoff |access-date=17 March 2022 |website=FairVote}}</ref> However, the system may sometimes still be cheaper than holding a [[Instant-runoff voting|ranked-choice runoff (RCV)]], as the counting of votes in each round is simple. By contrast, [[Instant-runoff voting|ranked-choice runoff voting]] involves a longer and more complex count that often requires a centralized count, as it is impossible to [[Precinct summability|tally or audit RCV results locally]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Approval Voting vs. RCV |url=https://electionscience.org/library/approval-voting-versus-irv/ |access-date=17 March 2022 |website=The Center for Election Science}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Macaraeg |first1=Sarah |title=Instant runoff voting: What Shelby County data and real-world examples show |url=https://www.commercialappeal.com/story/news/2018/11/05/instant-runoff-voting-memphis-referendum/1860004002/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521035202/https://www.commercialappeal.com/story/news/2018/11/05/instant-runoff-voting-memphis-referendum/1860004002/ |archive-date=21 May 2022 |access-date=17 March 2022 |publisher=Commercial Appeal}}</ref> The two-round voting system also has the potential to cause political instability between the two rounds of voting.{{Cn|date=July 2024}}
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