Editing Think tank (section)

=== Asian think tanks ===
==== Afghanistan ====
Afghanistan has a number of think tanks that are in the form of governmental, non-governmental, and corporate organizations.

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Afghanistan Analysts Network]]
* [[Centre for Conflict and Peace Studies]]{{div col end}}

==== Bangladesh ====
Bangladesh has a number of think tanks that are in the form of governmental, non-governmental, and corporate organizations.

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies]] (BIDS)
* [[Bangladesh Institute of Law and International Affairs]] (BILIA)
* [[Bangladesh Institute of Peace and Security Studies]] (BIPSS)
* [[Centre for Policy Dialogue]] (CPD)
* [[International Growth Centre]] (IGC)
* [[Making Our Economy Right]] (MOER)
* [[Bangladesh Institute of Labour Studies]] (BILS){{div col end}}

==== China ====
In China a number of think tanks are sponsored by governmental agencies such as [[Development Research Center of the State Council]], but still retain sufficient non-official status to be able to propose and debate ideas more freely. In January 2012, the first non-official think tank in mainland China, South Non-Governmental Think-Tank, was established in the Guangdong province.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Linping |first=He |date=18 January 2012 |title=Nongovernmental think-tank inaugurated in Guangdong |url=http://en.people.cn/90882/7708858.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612112813/http://en.people.cn/90882/7708858.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 June 2018 |access-date=30 May 2018 |website=People's Daily Online }}</ref> In 2009 the [[China Center for International Economic Exchanges]] was founded.

===== Hong Kong =====
In Hong Kong, early think tanks established in the late 1980s and early 1990s focused on political development, including the first direct Legislative Council members election in 1991 and the political framework of "[[One Country, Two Systems]]", manifested in the [[Sino-British Joint Declaration]]. After the transfer of sovereignty to China in 1997, more think tanks were established by various groups of intellectuals and professionals. They have various missions and objectives including promoting civic education; undertaking research on economic, social and political policies; and promoting "public understanding of and participation in the political, economic, and social development of the Hong Kong [[Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China|Special Administrative Region]]".

Think tanks in Hong Kong include:

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Bauhinia Foundation Research Centre]]
* [[Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong]]
* [[Central Policy Unit]]
* [[Civic Exchange]]
* [[The Global Institute for Tomorrow]]
* [[HKGolden50]]
* [[Hong Kong Christian Industrial Committee]]
* [[Hong Kong Democratic Foundation]]
* [[Hong Kong People's Council on Housing Policy]]
* [[The Lion Rock Institute]]
* [[New Century Forum]]
* [[Our Hong Kong Foundation]]
* [[One Country Two Systems Research Institute]]
* [[Path of Democracy]]
* [[Policy Innovation and Co-ordination Unit]]
* [[Professional Commons]]{{div col end}}

==== India ====
India has the world's second-largest [[List of think tanks in India|number of think tanks]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2018 |title=2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=think_tanks |access-date=10 March 2018 |website=Think Tanks and Civil Societies Programs Univ. of Pennsylvania |publisher=Lauder Institute, University of Pennsylvania |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330003743/https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=think_tanks |url-status=live }}</ref> Most are based in New Delhi, and a few are government-sponsored.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} There are few think tanks that promote environmentally responsible and climate resilient ideas like [[Centre for Science and Environment]], [[Centre for Policy Research]] and [[World Resources Institute]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=CSE top environment policy think tank in India; 16th in the world: Global Index | date=7 February 2018 |url=https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/environment/cse-top-environment-policy-think-tank-in-india-16th-in-the-world-global-index-59641#:~:text=Last%20Updated%3A%20Thursday%2008%20February,at%20the%20University%20of%20Pennsylvania |access-date=24 June 2020 |archive-date=25 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625193507/https://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/environment/cse-top-environment-policy-think-tank-in-india-16th-in-the-world-global-index-59641#:~:text=Last%20Updated%3A%20Thursday%2008%20February,at%20the%20University%20of%20Pennsylvania |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=CPR retains spot as leading India climate think tank for third year in a row &#124; Centre for Policy Research |date=21 December 2021 |url=https://www.cprindia.org/news/6296 |access-date=24 June 2020 |archive-date=25 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200625060454/https://www.cprindia.org/news/6296 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=About WRI India |url=https://wri-india.org/about |website=WRI INDIA |access-date=24 June 2020 |archive-date=7 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200707030645/https://wri-india.org/about |url-status=live }}</ref> There are other prominent think tanks like [[Observer Research Foundation]], Tillotoma Foundation and [[Centre for Civil Society]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2011}}

In Mumbai, [[Strategic Foresight Group]] is a global think tank that works on issues such as [[water diplomacy]], [[peace and conflict]] and [[foresight (futures studies)]]. Think tanks with a development focus include those like the [[National Centre for Cold-chain Development]] ('NCCD'), which serve to bring an inclusive policy change by supporting the Planning Commission and related government bodies with industry-specific inputs – in this case, set up at the behest of the government to direct cold chain development. Some think tanks have a fixed set of focus areas and they work towards finding out policy solutions to social problems in the respective areas.

Initiatives such as [[National e-Governance Plan]] (to automate administrative processes)<ref name="PDF1">{{Cite web |title=NeGP overview |url=http://www.nisg.org/knowledgecenter_docs/A03060004.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140222224611/http://www.nisg.org/knowledgecenter_docs/A03060004.pdf |archive-date=22 February 2014 |access-date=1 March 2011}}</ref> and [[National Knowledge Network]] (NKN) (for data and resource sharing amongst education and research institutions), if implemented properly, should help improve the quality of work done by think tanks.<ref name="Why think tanks struggle in India">{{Cite news |date=21 May 2013 |title=Why think tanks struggle in India |url=http://www.firstpost.com/india/why-think-tanks-struggle-in-india-800929.html |access-date=13 September 2013 |archive-date=29 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329082000/http://www.firstpost.com/india/why-think-tanks-struggle-in-india-800929.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Some notable think tanks in India include:

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Association for Democratic Reforms]] (ADR)
* [[Centre for Civil Society]] (CCS)
* [[Centre for Development Studies]] (CDS)
* [[Centre for Dialogue and Reconciliation]] (CDR)
* [[Centre for Land Warfare Studies]] (CLAWS)
* [[Centre for Policy Research]] (CPR)
* [[Centre for Public Policy Research]] (CPPR)
* [[Central Institute for Cotton Research]] (CICR)
* [[Council On Energy, Environment and Water]] (CEEW)
* [[Edward & Cynthia Institute of Public Health]] (ECIPH)
* [[Forum of Free Enterprise]] (FFE)
* [[Foundation for Democratic Reforms]] (FDR)
* [[Indian Council of World Affairs]] (ICWA)
* [[Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs]] (IICA)
* [[Institute for Social and Economic Change]] (ISEC)
* [[Nabakrushna Choudhury Centre for Development Studies]] (NCDS)
* [[National Council of Applied Economic Research]] (NCAER)
* [[National Institute of Advanced Studies]] (NIAS)
* [[Observer Research Foundation]] (ORF)
* [[The Energy and Resources Institute]] (TERI)
* [[Vivekananda International Foundation]] (VIF)
* [[Wildlife Institute of India]] (WII)
{{div col end}}

==== Indonesia ====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Centre for Strategic and International Studies]]
* [[Setara Institute]]{{div col end}}

==== Iraq ====
Over 50 think tanks have emerged in Iraq, particularly in the Kurdistan Region. Iraq's leading think tank is the Middle East Research Institute (MERI),<ref>{{Cite web |title=MERI – Middle East Research Institute |url=http://www.meri-k.org/ |website=www.meri-k.org |access-date=13 February 2018 |archive-date=13 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180213135150/http://www.meri-k.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> based in Erbil. MERI is an independent non-governmental policy research organization, established in 2014 and publishes in English, Kurdish, and Arabic. It was listed in the global ranking by the United States's Lauder Institute of the [[University of Pennsylvania]] as 46th in the Middle East.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&context=think_tanks |title=2016 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report |journal=TTCSP Global Go to Think Tank Index Reports |publisher=University of Pennsylvania |date=2017 |first=James G. |last=McGann |access-date=19 July 2022 |archive-date=30 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030061654/http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&context=think_tanks |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Israel ====
There are many think tank teams in Israel, including:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Think Tanks in Israel &#124; Jewish Federations of North America |url=http://www.jewishfederations.org/Think-Tanks-In-Israel.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203000116/http://www.jewishfederations.org/Think-Tanks-In-Israel.aspx |archive-date=3 February 2012 |access-date=2 November 2011 |publisher=Jewishfederations.org }}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Shaharit (NPO)|Shaharit – Creating Common Cause]]
* [[Jerusalem Institute for Market Studies]] (JIMS)
* [[Reut Institute]]
* [[Israel Council on Foreign Relations]]
* [[Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs|The Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs]]
* [[Adva Center]]
* [[Israel Democracy Institute]]
* [[Jerusalem Institute for Policy Research]]
* [[Myers-JDC-Brookdale Institute]]
* [[Floersheimer Studies]] at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]
* [[Harry S. Truman Research Institute for the Advancement of Peace]], The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
* [[International Institute for Counter-Terrorism]] – IDC [[Herziliya]]
* [[Israel Center for Third Sector Research]], [[Ben Gurion University]] of the [[Negev]]
* [[IPCRI – Israel/Palestine Center for Research and Information]]
* [[The Milken Institute]]
* [[Moshe Dayan Center for Middle Eastern and African Studies]], Tel Aviv University
* [[The Begin-Sadat Center]] – [[Bar Ilan University]]
* [[The Center for the Study of Philanthropy in Israel]] at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]
* [[Israel Institute for Advanced Studies]] at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]]
* [[The Jewish Arab Center]] (JAC), [[University of Haifa]]
* [[The Jewish People Policy Institute]] (JPPI)
* [[The Shalem Center]]
* [[Institute for National Security Studies (Israel)|Institute for National Security Studies]], affiliated with Tel Aviv University.
{{div col end}}

==== South Korea ====
In [[South Korea]], think tanks are prolific and influential and are a government go-to. Think tanks are prolific in the Korean landscape. Many policy research organisations in Korea focus on economoy and most research is done in public think tanks. There is a strong emphasis on the knowledge-based economy and, according to one respondent, think tank research is generally considered high quality.<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 November 2022 |title=Think tank landscape scan 2022 Korea |url=https://onthinktanks.org/articles/think-tank-landscape-scan-2022-korea/ |access-date= |website=A Global Consultancy and Platform for Change}}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Korea Development Institute]]
* [[National Assembly Budget Office]]
* [[The Asan Institute for Policy Studies]]
* [[Samsung Economic Research Institute]]
* [[Center for Free Enterprise]]
* [[Korea International Trade Association]]
* [[The Yeouido Institute]]
* [[The Economic Information and Education Center]]
* [[Jeju Peace Institute]]
* [[Korea Institute for International Economic Policy]]
* [[Korea Institute of Public Administration]]
* [[Sejong Institute]]{{div col end}}

==== Japan ====
[[Japan]] has over 100 think tanks, most of which cover not only policy research but also economy, technology and so on. Some are government related, but most of the think tanks are sponsored by the private sector.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why think tanks matter in Japan |url=https://cigs.canon/en/article/20200130_6195.html#:~:text=Most%20of%20Japan's%20major%20think%20tanks%20are%20either%20government-affiliated%20research%20institutes%20or%20subsidiaries%20of%20megabanks,%20huge%20financial%20institutions |access-date=2025-02-04 |website=The Canon Institute for Global Studies |language=en}}</ref>

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Asian Development Bank Institute]]
* [[Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry]]
* [[Genron NPO]]
* [[Global Industrial and Social Progress Research Institute]]
* [[Institute for International Monetary Affairs]]
* [[Institute of Developing Economies]]
* [[The International Academic Forum]]
* [[Japan Center for International Exchange]]
* [[Japan Institute for National Fundamentals]]
* [[Japan Institute of International Affairs]]
* [[Mitsubishi Research Institute]]
* [[National Institute for Research Advancement]]
* [[Rousoukai]]
* [[Shōwa Kenkyūkai]]
* [[Tokyo Foundation]]{{div col end}}

==== Kazakhstan ====
Institute of World Economics and Politics (IWEP) at the Foundation of the First President of the Republic of Kazakhstan was created in 2003. IWEP activities aimed at research problems of the world economy, international relations, geopolitics, security, integration and Eurasia, as well as the study of the First President of the [[Republic of Kazakhstan]] and its contribution to the establishment and strengthening of Kazakhstan as an independent state, the development of international cooperation and the promotion of peace and stability.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2014 |title=Об ИМЭП &#124; Институт мировой экономики и политики |url=http://iwep.kz/ob-imep |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513005227/http://iwep.kz/ob-imep |archive-date=13 May 2014 |access-date=29 July 2016 |website=Iwep.kz |language=ru}}</ref><ref name="IWEP roundtable">{{cite news |last1=Bulatkulova |first1=Saniya |title=Central Asian Cooperation: Experts Outline the Benefits and Risks |url=https://astanatimes.com/2022/08/central-asian-cooperation-experts-outline-the-benefits-and-risks/ |access-date=7 October 2022 |work=The Astana Times |date=19 August 2022 |language=en |archive-date=7 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221007145827/https://astanatimes.com/2022/08/central-asian-cooperation-experts-outline-the-benefits-and-risks/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the RK (KazISS) was established by the Decree of the President of RK on 16 June 1993. Since its foundation the main mission of the Kazakhstan Institute for Strategic Studies under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, as a national think tank, is to maintain analytical and research support for the President of Kazakhstan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=3 January 2007 |title=Официальный сайт КИСИ при Президенте Республики Казахстан: Краткая информация об Институте |url=http://www.kisi.kz/site.html?id=5 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070103031611/http://www.kisi.kz/site.html?id=5 |archive-date=3 January 2007}}</ref>

==== Malaysia ====
Most Malaysian think tanks are related either to the government or a political party. Historically they focused on defense, politics and policy. However, in recent years, think tanks that focus on international trade, economics, and social sciences have also been founded.

Notable think tanks in Malaysia include:
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Academy of Sciences Malaysia]] (ASM)
* [[Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs]] (IDEAS)
* [[Institute for Pioneering of Education and Economic Excellence]] (INSPIRE)
* [[Maritime Institute of Malaysia]] (MIMA)
* [[Jauhar Academy of Social Sciences]] (JASS)
* [[Jeffrey Cheah Institute on Southeast Asia]] (JCI)
* [[Malaysian Industry-Government Group for High Technology]] (MIGHT)
* [[Islamic Renaissance Front]] (IRF)
* [[IDE Research Centre / Institut Darul Ehsan]] (IDE)
{{div col end}}

==== Pakistan ====
{{See also|List of research institutes in Pakistan}}
Pakistan's think tanks mainly revolve around social policy, internal politics, foreign security issues, and regional geo-politics. Most of these are centered on the capital, [[Islamabad]]. One such think tank is the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), which focuses on policy advocacy and research particularly in the area of environment and social development.

Another policy research institute based in Islamabad is the [[Institute of Social and Policy Sciences]] (I-SAPS) which works in the fields of education, health, disaster risk reduction, [[governance]], conflict and stabilization. Since 2007 – 2008, I-SAPS has been analyzing public expenditure of federal and provincial governments.<ref name="isap">{{cite news |last1=Khan |first1=Javed |title=KP continues to increase spending on education |url=https://dailytimes.com.pk/70136/kp-continues-to-increase-spending-on-education/ |access-date=12 October 2022 |work=Daily Times |date=14 July 2016 |archive-date=12 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012160859/https://dailytimes.com.pk/70136/kp-continues-to-increase-spending-on-education/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

==== Philippines ====
Think tanks in the Philippines could be generally categorized in terms of their linkages with the national government. Several were set up by the Philippine government for the specific purpose of providing research input into the policy-making process.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NIRA Review Winter 1999: A Look at Think Tanks in the Philippines by Herman Joseph S. Kraft |url=http://www.nira.or.jp/past/publ/review/99winter/kraft.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121111024316/http://www.nira.or.jp/past/publ/review/99winter/kraft.html |archive-date=11 November 2012 |access-date=14 June 2013 |publisher=Nira.or.jp}}</ref>

==== Russia ====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Valdai Discussion Club]]
* [[Izborsky Club]]{{div col end}}

==== Sri Lanka ====
Sri Lanka has a number of think tanks that are in the form of governmental, non-governmental and corporate organizations.
* The [[Lakshman Kadirgamar Institute of International Relations and Strategic Studies]] is a policy-studies institute that is often referred to as a think tank.
* [[LIRNEasia]] is a think tank working across the Asia-Pacific on regulatory and policy issues. Their main focus is the ICT sector, although they do work in other sectors, such as agriculture and health, which can benefit from ICT.
* [[Verité Research]] is an interdisciplinary think tank in Colombo.

==== Singapore ====
There are several think tanks in Singapore that advise the government on various policies and as well as private ones for corporations within the region. Many of them are hosted within the local public educational institutions.

Among them are the [[Singapore Institute of International Affairs]] (SIIA), [[Institute of Southeast Asian Studies]] (ISEAS), and the [[S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 February 2016 |title=Singapore Institute of International Affairs top local think tank: Ranking |url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/singapore-institute-of/2480008.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203090319/http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/singapore-institute-of/2480008.html |archive-date=3 February 2016 |access-date=29 July 2016 |publisher=Channel NewsAsia}}</ref>

==== Taiwan ====
In 2017 Taiwan had 58 think tanks.<ref>{{Cite web |last=McGann |first=James G. |title=2017 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report |url=https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=think_tanks |access-date=27 September 2018 |website=upenn.edu |publisher=University of Pennsylvania |archive-date=30 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190330003743/https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=think_tanks |url-status=live }}</ref> As in most countries there is a mix of government- and privately-funded think tanks.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Taiwan-Asia Exchange Foundation launched |url=https://www.mofa.gov.tw/en/News_Content.aspx?n=1EADDCFD4C6EC567&s=3FA3B2386555E539 |access-date=27 September 2018 |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs Republic of China (Taiwan) |archive-date=6 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106122307/https://www.mofa.gov.tw/en/News_Content.aspx?n=1EADDCFD4C6EC567&s=3FA3B2386555E539 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Taiwanese think tanks in alphabetical order:

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research]]
* [[Institute for National Defense and Security Research]]
* [[Prospect Foundation]]
* [[Taiwan Asia Exchange Foundation]]
* [[Taiwan Competitiveness Forum]]
* [[Taiwan Foundation for Democracy]]
* [[Taiwan Institute of Economic Research]]{{div col end}}

==== Thailand ====
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Office of the National Economic and Social Development Council]]
* [[Thailand Development Research Institute]]
* [[iLaw]]{{div col end}}

==== United Arab Emirates ====
The UAE has been a center for political oriented think tanks which concentrate on both regional and global policy. Notable think tank have emerged in the global debate on terrorism, education & economical policies in the MENA region. Think tanks include:

{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Al Mesbar Studies and Research Centre]]
* [[Dubai Economic Council]]
* [[Gulf Research Center]]
* [[Orient Research Centre]]{{div col end}}

==== Uzbekistan ====
* CED<ref>{{Cite web |title=Центр содействия экономическому развитию в Узбекистане |url=http://www.ced.uz/ |access-date=2 November 2011 |publisher=Ced.uz |archive-date=21 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110921155641/http://www.ced.uz/ |url-status=live }}</ref> – Center for Economic Development (Центр Содействия Экономическому Развитию) is a think tank whose major tasks are: analytic support in economic reforming and development in Uzbekistan; improving knowledge and skills of the subjects of economic development; assistance in productive dialogue between the government, civil society and private sectors on the economic development matters.
Key projects: Preparation of the National human development report for Uzbekistan, Sociological "portrait" of the Uzbek businessman, Preparation of an analytical report on export procedures optimization in Uzbekistan,
various industry and marketing researches in Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan.