Editing Temperament (section)

====Negative affect====
Negative affect includes [[fear]], [[frustration]], [[sadness]], discomfort,<ref name="Rothbart in Merrill" /> and [[anger]].<ref name="Rothbart and Hwang" /> This factor reflects the degree to which a child is shy and not easily calmed.<ref name="Kail and Barnfield" /> Anger and frustration is seen as early as 2 to 3 months of age. Anger and frustration, together, predict externalizing and internalizing difficulties. Anger, alone, is later related to externalizing problems, while fear is associated with internalizing difficulties.  Fear as evidenced by behavioral inhibition is seen as early as 7–10 months of age, and later predicts children's fearfulness and lower levels of [[aggression]].<ref name="Rothbart, 2007">{{cite journal|last=Rothbart|first=M. K.|title=Temperament, development and personality|journal=Current Directions in Psychological Science|year=2007|volume=16|issue=4|pages=207–212|doi=10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00505.x|s2cid=15994633|url=http://brainstormquestions.wikispaces.com/file/view/Rothbart+-+Temperament,+Development+and+Personality.pdf}}</ref>