Editing Tehran (section)

== Geography ==

=== Location and subdivisions ===
[[File:Tehran district map (blank).svg|thumb|Districts of Tehran]]
The metropolis of Tehran is divided into 22 municipal districts, each with its own administrative center. Of the 22 municipal districts, 20 are located in [[Tehran County]]'s [[Central District (Tehran County)|Central District]], while districts [[District 1 (Tehran)|1]] and [[District 20 (Tehran)|20]] are respectively located in the counties of [[Shemiranat County|Shemiranat]] and [[Ray County, Iran|Ray]].
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! Regions and municipal districts of Tehran
|-
|
{|
| valign="top" |
'''North''':<br />
<u>District 1:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Farmaniyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Evin<br />
&nbsp;• Darakeh<br />
&nbsp;• Zaferaniyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Mahmoodiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Velenjak<br />
&nbsp;• Darband<br />
&nbsp;• Golabdarreh<br />
&nbsp;• Jamaran<br />
&nbsp;• Dezashib<br />
&nbsp;• Niavaran<br />
&nbsp;• Darabad<br />
&nbsp;• Tajrish<br />
&nbsp;• Gheytariyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Chizar<br />
&nbsp;• Ozgol<br />
&nbsp;• Aghdasiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Elahieh<br />
&nbsp;• Jamshidiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Saadabad<br />
&nbsp;• Kamraniyeh<br />
<u>District 2:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Farahzad<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrara<br />
&nbsp;• Gisha<br />
&nbsp;• Punak-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bahtari<br />
&nbsp;• Saadat Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Sadeghieh<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e Gharb<br />
&nbsp;• Tarasht<br />
&nbsp;• Tohid<br />
<u>District 3:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Darus<br />
&nbsp;• Davoodiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Ekhtiariyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Golhak<br />
&nbsp;• Vanak<br />
&nbsp;• Jordan<br />
<u>District 4:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Khak Sefid<br />
&nbsp;• Hakimiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Lavizan<br />
&nbsp;• Ozgol<br />
&nbsp;• Pasdaran<br />
&nbsp;• Resalat<br />
&nbsp;• Shams Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Shemiran-e-No<br />
&nbsp;• Tehranpars<br />
&nbsp;• Zargande<br />
&nbsp;• Narmak<br />
<u>District 5:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Bolvar-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ferdows<br />
&nbsp;• Jannat Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Ekbatan<br />
&nbsp;• Punak<br />
| valign="top" |
'''East''':<br />
<u>District 8:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Mo'allem<br />
&nbsp;• Narmak<br />
&nbsp;• Samangan<br />
&nbsp;• Nezam Abad<br />
<u>District 13:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Dowshan Tappe<br />
&nbsp;• Niru Havaii<br />
&nbsp;• Tehran-e-No<br />
&nbsp;• Piroozi<br />
<u>District 14:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Chaharsad<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Dastgah<br />
&nbsp;• Dulab<br />
&nbsp;• Esfahanak<br />
&nbsp;• Khorasan<br />
&nbsp;• Sad Dastgah<br />
<u>District 15:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Afsariyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Bisim<br />
&nbsp;• Khavaran<br />
&nbsp;• Kiyanshahr<br />
&nbsp;• Masoudiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Moshiriyeh<br />
| valign="top" |
'''Center''':<br />
<u>District 6:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Amir Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Arjantin<br />
&nbsp;• Yousef Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Park-e Laleh<br />
<u>District 7:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Abbas Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Behjat<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Emam<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hossein<br />
&nbsp;• Sabalan<br />
<u>District 10:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Beryanak<br />
&nbsp;• Haft Chenar<br />
&nbsp;• Salsabil<br />
<u>District 11:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Dokhaniyat<br />
&nbsp;• Lashkar<br />
&nbsp;• Moniriyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Sheikh Hadi<br />
<u>District 12:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Baharestan<br />
&nbsp;• Bazar-e Tehran<br />
&nbsp;• Ferdowsi<br />
&nbsp;• Gorgan<br />
&nbsp;• Park-e Shahrr<br />
&nbsp;• Pich-e Shemiran<br />
| valign="top" |
'''South''':<br />
<u>District 16:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Ali Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Bagh-e Azari<br />
&nbsp;• Khazane<br />
&nbsp;• Yakhchi Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Javadiyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Nazi Abad<br />
<u>District 17:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Emamzade<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Hasan<br />
&nbsp;• Bagh Khazaneh<br />
&nbsp;• Qal'e Morghi<br />
<u>District 19:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Abdol Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Khani Abad No<br />
&nbsp;• Nemat Abad<br />
<u>District 20:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Dolat Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Javanmard-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ghassab<br />
&nbsp;• Ebn<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Babviyeh<br />
&nbsp;• Hazrat-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Abdol-Azim<br />
&nbsp;• Sizdah-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Aban<br />
&nbsp;• Rey<br />
| valign="top" |
'''West''':<br />
<u>District 9:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Jey<br />
&nbsp;• Sar-Asyab<br />
&nbsp;• Mehr Abad<br />
<u>District 18:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Khalije Fars<br />
&nbsp;• Yaft Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Shad Abad<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vali-Asr<br />
&nbsp;• Tolid Daru<br />
&nbsp;• Ferdows<br />
<u>District 21:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e-Darya<br />
&nbsp;• Bashgah-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Naft<br />
&nbsp;• Tehransar<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e-Pasdaran<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e-Azadi<br />
&nbsp;• Vardavard<br />
<u>District 22:</u><br />
&nbsp;• Bagh-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Haj-Seif<br />
&nbsp;• Kan<br />
&nbsp;• Kuy-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Sazman-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Barname<br />
&nbsp;• Park Chitgar<br />
&nbsp;• Peykanshahr<br />
&nbsp;• Stadium-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Azadi<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cheshmeh<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rah-Ahan<br />
&nbsp;• Shahrak-e<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Omid
&nbsp;• Shahid Baqeri<br />
&nbsp;• Dehkade-ye-Olympic<br />
&nbsp;• Daryache Chitgar<br />
&nbsp;• Golestan<br />
|}
|}

{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! Municipal districts of Tehran
|-
|
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Name!!Persian Name!!County!!Number of<br />Municipal Regions!!Area!!Population!!Population Density!!Location within Tehran
|-
| [[District 1 (Tehran)|District 1]] || منطقه ۱ – Mantaqe ye Yek || [[Shemiranat County]] || 10 || {{nts|64.0}} km² || 487,508 || {{nts|10,533}}/km² || [[File:Tehran1.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 2 (Tehran)|District 2]] || منطقه ۲ – Mantaqe ye Do || [[Tehran County]] || 9 || {{nts|64.0}} km² || 701,303 || {{nts|14,964}}/km² || [[File:Tehran2.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 3 (Tehran)|District 3]]|| منطقه ۳ – Mantaqe ye Se || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|31.2}} km² || 330,649 || {{nts|10,156}}/km² || [[File:Tehran3.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 4 (Tehran)|District 4]]|| منطقه ۴ – Mantaqe ye Chahār || [[Tehran County]] || 9 || {{nts|61.4}} km² || 919,001 || {{nts|14,943}}/km² || [[File:Tehran4.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 5 (Tehran)|District 5]] || منطقه ۵ – Mantaqe ye Panj || [[Tehran County]] || 7 || {{nts|52.9}} km² || 858,346 || {{nts|18,320}}/km² || [[File:Tehran5.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 6 (Tehran)|District 6]]|| منطقه ۶ – Mantaqe ye Šeŝ || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|21.4}} km² || 251,384 || {{nts|13,763}}/km² || [[File:Tehran6.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 7 (Tehran)|District 7]]|| منطقه ۷ – Mantaqe ye Haft || [[Tehran County]] || 5 || {{nts|15.4}} km² || 312,194 || {{nts|20,140}}/km² || [[File:Tehran7.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 8 (Tehran)|District 8]]|| منطقه ۸ – Mantaqe ye Haŝt || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|13.4}} km² || 425,197 || {{nts|31,984}}/km² || [[File:Tehran8.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 9 (Tehran)|District 9]]|| منطقه ۹ – Mantaqe ye Noh || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|19.6}} km² || 174,239 || {{nts|6,387}}/km² || [[File:Tehran9.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 10 (Tehran)|District 10]] || منطقه ۱۰ – Mantaqe ye Dah || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|8.2}} km² || 327,115 || {{nts|40,029}}/km² || [[File:Tehran10.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 11 (Tehran)|District 11]]|| منطقه ۱۱ – Mantaqe ye Yāzdah || [[Tehran County]] || 4 || {{nts|12.6}} km² || 307,940 || {{nts|25,743}}/km² || [[File:Tehran11.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 12 (Tehran)|District 12]]|| منطقه ۱۲ – Mantaqe ye Davāzdah || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|16.9}} km² || 241,831 || {{nts|15,150}}/km² || [[File:Tehran12.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 13 (Tehran)|District 13]]|| منطقه ۱۳ – Mantaqe ye Sizdah || [[Tehran County]] || 4 || {{nts|12.8}} km² || 248,952 || {{nts|14,726}}/km² || [[File:Tehran13.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 14 (Tehran)|District 14]] || منطقه ۱۴ – Mantaqe ye Ĉahārdah || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|24.3}} km² || 515,795 || {{nts|21,370}}/km² || [[File:Tehran14.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 15 (Tehran)|District 15]]|| منطقه ۱۵ – Mantaqe ye Pānzdah || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|35.4}} km² || 641,279 || {{nts|23,186}}/km² || [[File:Tehran15.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 16 (Tehran)|District 16]]|| منطقه ۱۶ – Mantaqe ye Ŝānzdah || [[Tehran County]] || 6 || {{nts|18.1}} km² || 268,406 || {{nts|16,238}}/km² || [[File:Tehran16.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 17 (Tehran)|District 17]]|| منطقه ۱۷ – Mantaqe ye Hefdah || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|8.2}} km² || 273,231 || {{nts|33,276}}/km² || [[File:Tehran17.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 18 (Tehran)|District 18]]|| منطقه ۱۸ – Mantaqe ye Heĵdah || [[Tehran County]] || 5 || {{nts|37.5}} km² || 419,882 || {{nts|11,029}}/km² || [[File:Tehran18.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 19 (Tehran)|District 19]]|| منطقه ۱۹ – Mantaqe ye Nuzdah || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|20.3}} km² || 261,027 || {{nts|12,809}}/km² || [[File:Tehran19.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 20 (Tehran)|District 20]] || منطقه ۲۰ – Mantaqe ye Bist || [[Ray County, Iran|Ray County]] || 5 || {{nts|23.0}} km² || 365,259 || {{nts|16,365}}/km² || [[File:Tehran20.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 21 (Tehran)|District 21]]|| منطقه ۲۱ – Mantaqe ye Bist-o-Yek || [[Tehran County]] || 3 || {{nts|51.6}} km² || 186,821 || {{nts|3,646}}/km² || [[File:Tehran21.PNG|200px]]
|-
| [[District 22 (Tehran)|District 22]] || منطقه ۲۲ – Mantaqe ye Bist-o-Do || [[Tehran County]] || 4 || {{nts|54.0}} km² || 176,347 || {{nts|3,025}}/km² || [[File:Tehran22.PNG|200px]]
|source: [https://www.citypopulation.de/en/iran/tehrancity/]|
|}
|}

Northern Tehran is the wealthiest part of the city,<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1993/05/09/iran-lightens-up-on-western-ways/ |title=Iran Lightens Up On Western Ways |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]] |date=9 May 1993 |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=6 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806210515/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1993-05-09/features/9305090413_1_islamic-revolution-islamic-codes-tehran |url-status=live }}</ref> consisting of various districts such as [[Zafaraniyeh]], [[Nelson Mandela Boulevard (Jordan Street) Tehran|Jordan]], [[Elahieh|Elahiyeh]], [[Pasdaran (district)|Pasdaran]], [[Kamranieh]], [[Ajudanieh|Ajodanieh]], [[Farmanieh]], [[Darrous]], [[Niavaran]], [[Jamaran]], [[Aghdasieh]], [[Mahmoodieh]], [[Velenjak]], [[Gheytarieh|Qeytarieh]], Ozgol and [[Ekhtiarieh]].<ref name="washingtonpost.com">Buzbee, Sally. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/04/AR2007100401405_pf.html "Tehran: Split Between Liberal, Hard-Line"] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806141930/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/10/04/AR2007100401405_pf.html |date=6 August 2017 }}. [[Associated Press]] via ''[[The Washington Post]]''. Thursday 4 October 2007.</ref><ref name="accessmylibrary.com">Hundley, Tom. [http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-8331982_ITM "Pro-reform Khatami appears victorious after 30 million Iranians cast votes"]. ''[[Chicago Tribune]]''. 8 June 2001.</ref> While the center of the city houses government ministries and headquarters, commercial centers are located further north.

=== Climate ===
[[File:Tehran Profile, Level 1, 2012.jpg|thumb|Urban sustainability analysis of the metropolitan area of Tehran, using the 'Circles of Sustainability' method of the [[United Nations Global Compact|UN Global Compact]] Cities Programme]]
Most of Tehran has a cold [[semi-arid climate]] (''BSk'', according to the [[Köppen climate classification]]). The climate is ''BSh'' (hot semi-arid) in the region of the [[Mehrabad International Airport]] and cold semi-arid in higher areas, with a borderline [[Mediterranean climate#Hot-summer Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean climate]] (''Csa'') in the northern area of the city, with hot, dry summers and cool, rainy winters.<!---PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THIS TO 'COLD SEMI-ARID CLIMATE' BECAUSE THAT'S INCORRECT. TEHRAN'S AVERAGE ANNUAL TEMPERATURE OF 15.6 WHEN MULTIPLIED BY 20 GIVES A TOTAL OF 312, WHICH IS SIGNIFICANTLY LESS THAN THE TOTAL ANNUAL PRECIPITATION OF 429 MM.---> Tehran's climate is largely defined by its geographic location, with the towering [[Alborz]] mountains to its north and the country's central desert to the south.

As the city has a large area, with significant differences in elevation among various districts, the weather is often cooler in the hilly north than in the flat southern part of Tehran. For instance, the {{cvt|17.3|km}} [[Valiasr Street]] runs from Tehran's railway station at {{cvt|1117|m}} elevation above sea level in the south of the city to [[Tajrish Square]] at 1712.6&nbsp;m (5612.3&nbsp;ft) elevation above sea level in the north.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.freemaptools.com/elevation-finder.htm |title=Elevation Finder |last=Tools |first=Free Map |website=Freemaptools.com |language=en |access-date=2 February 2017 |archive-date=16 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200516040306/https://www.freemaptools.com/elevation-finder.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> However, the elevation can even rise up to {{cvt|2000|m}} at the end of [[Velenjak]] in northern Tehran. The sparse texture, the existence of old gardens, orchards, green spaces along the highways and the lack of industrial activities in the north of the city have helped the air in the northern areas to be 2 to 3 degrees Celsius cooler than the southern areas of the city.<ref name="Tehran Geography">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/article/27105/تهران--جغرافیا--شیوا-جعفری |title=Tehran Geography |language=fa |access-date=11 October 2018 |archive-date=11 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180911143144/https://www.cgie.org.ir/fa/article/27105/تهران--جغرافیا--شیوا-جعفری |url-status=live }}</ref>

The main direction of the prevailing wind in Tehran is northwest to southeast.<ref name="hamshahrionline">[https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/photo/173606/آشنایی-با-دریاچه-شهدای-خلیج-فارس-چیتگر-تهران/Chitgar lake (in Persian)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221209054656/https://www.hamshahrionline.ir/photo/173606/%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%D9%87-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AC-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86 |date=9 December 2022 }}. hamshahrionline.ir</ref> Other air currents that blow in the area of Tehran are:

# Tochal breeze: With the rapid cooling of the Alborz mountain range at night, a local high-pressure center is formed on Mount Tochal, and this cold current flows down the mountain due to its weight and high pressure; Thus, a gentle breeze blows into the city from the north at night.<ref name="Tehran Geography"/>
# Southern and southeastern regional winds: these winds blow from the desert plains in the hot months of the year.<ref name="Tehran Geography"/>
# Western winds: These winds are among the planetary winds that affect the city of Tehran more or less throughout the year and can be called the prevailing wind.<ref name="Tehran Geography"/>

Air currents have a great effect on Tehran's weather. The prevailing wind blowing from the west causes the west of the city to always be exposed to fresh air; Although this wind brings smoke and pollution from the western industrial areas, its strong wind can take the polluted air out of the city of Tehran.<ref name="Tehran Geography"/>

In most years, winter provides half of Tehran's total annual rainfall. March is the rainiest month of the year and about one-fifth of the annual rainfall occurs in it. Summer is also the least rainy season and September is the driest month of the year in Tehran. The average annual rainfall of the city is sometimes very different in the north and south regions.<ref name="Tehran Geography"/> There are between 205 and 213 days of clear to partly cloudy weather in Tehran.<ref name="atlas.tehran.ir">[https://web.archive.org/web/20180612143424/http://atlas.tehran.ir/Default.aspx?tabid=171/ Climate and air pollution of Tehran (in Persian)]. atlas.tehran.ir</ref>

One of the most intense rains in Tehran happened on 21 April 1962 and this rain lasted for 10 hours. Meteorology also announced that the amount of rainfall on that one day in Tehran was equivalent to six years.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.iichs.ir/p/history.aspx?id=2 |title=Institute for Iranian Contemporary Historical Studies |language=fa |access-date=11 June 2018 |archive-date=21 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121001916/http://www.iichs.ir/p/history.aspx?id=2 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Summer is hot and dry with little rain, but [[relative humidity]] is generally low. Average high temperatures are between {{cvt|31|C}} and {{cvt|38|°C}} during [[summer|summer months]], and it can sometimes rise up to {{cvt|40|C}} during [[heat waves]]. Average low temperatures in summer are between {{cvt|18|C}} and {{cvt|25|°C}}, and it can occasionally drop to below {{cvt|14|C}}&nbsp; in the mountainous north of the city at night.

Winter is cold and occasionally snowy, with an average of 12.3 snow days annually in central Tehran and more than 23.7 snow days annually in northern Tehran. During the [[winter|winter months]], average high temperatures are between {{cvt|3|C}} and {{cvt|11|°C}} and average low temperatures are between {{cvt|-5|C}} and {{cvt|1|°C}}, and it can occasionally drop to below {{cvt|-10|C}}&nbsp; during [[cold waves]].

Most of the annual [[Precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] occurs from late autumn to mid-spring. March is the wettest month with an average precipitation of {{cvt|39.6|mm}}. The hottest month is July, with a mean minimum temperature of {{cvt|24|°C}} and a mean maximum temperature of {{cvt|36.7|°C}}, and the coldest is January, with a mean minimum temperature of {{cvt|-0.4|°C}} and a mean maximum temperature of {{cvt|7.9|°C}}.<ref name="IranTour">{{cite web |url=http://www.irantour.org/Iran/Climate.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030610002354/http://www.irantour.org/Iran/Climate.html |url-status=usurped |archive-date=10 June 2003 |title=Climate of Tehran |website=Irantour.org |access-date=12 November 2010 }}</ref>

The highest recorded temperature was {{cvt|43|°C|0}} on 3 July 1958 and the lowest recorded temperature was {{cvt|-15|°C|0}} on 8 January 1969.<ref name="records"/>
{{Weather box 
|metric first= Yes |single line= Yes |location= Tehran Mehrabad, altitude: 1191 m (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1951-present){{efn-la|Rainy days from parameter codes 46 and 71 from the NOAA source}}
|Jan record high C = 19.6
|Feb record high C = 24.4
|Mar record high C = 30.3
|Apr record high C = 33.4
|May record high C = 37.0
|Jun record high C = 42.2
|Jul record high C = 43.0
|Aug record high C = 42.4
|Sep record high C = 38.4
|Oct record high C = 33.4
|Nov record high C = 26.4
|Dec record high C = 21.0
|Jan high C = 8.5
|Feb high C = 11.1
|Mar high C = 16.2
|Apr high C = 22.3
|May high C = 28.2
|Jun high C = 34.3
|Jul high C = 36.9
|Aug high C = 35.8
|Sep high C = 31.6
|Oct high C = 24.6
|Nov high C = 15.7
|Dec high C = 10.2
|Jan mean C = 4.7
|Feb mean C = 7.0
|Mar mean C = 11.8
|Apr mean C = 17.6
|May mean C = 23.2
|Jun mean C = 28.8
|Jul mean C = 31.4
|Aug mean C = 30.5
|Sep mean C = 26.3
|Oct mean C = 19.6
|Nov mean C = 11.6
|Dec mean C = 6.5
|Jan low C = 1.3
|Feb low C = 3.0
|Mar low C = 7.2
|Apr low C = 12.6
|May low C = 17.6
|Jun low C = 22.5
|Jul low C = 25.2
|Aug low C = 24.6
|Sep low C = 20.7
|Oct low C = 14.8
|Nov low C = 7.8
|Dec low C = 3.2
|Jan record low C = -15.0
|Feb record low C = -13.0
|Mar record low C = -8.0
|Apr record low C = -4.0
|May record low C = 2.4
|Jun record low C = 5.0
|Jul record low C = 14.0
|Aug record low C = 13.0
|Sep record low C = 9.0
|Oct record low C = 2.8
|Nov record low C = -7.2
|Dec record low C = -13.0
| unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days= 4.8
|Feb precipitation days= 5.4
|Mar precipitation days= 5.9
|Apr precipitation days= 5.2
|May precipitation days= 3.7
|Jun precipitation days= 0.8
|Jul precipitation days= 0.5
|Aug precipitation days= 0.3
|Sep precipitation days= 0.2
|Oct precipitation days= 2.5
|Nov precipitation days= 4.9
|Dec precipitation days= 5.3

|precipitation colour=green

|Jan precipitation mm = 31.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 32.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 42.5
|Apr precipitation mm = 34.8
|May precipitation mm = 14.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 2.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 2.3
|Aug precipitation mm = 1.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 0.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 13.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 30.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 31.8
|Jan sun = 176.0
|Feb sun = 178.0
|Mar sun = 208.0
|Apr sun = 232.0
|May sun = 284.0
|Jun sun = 339.0
|Jul sun = 344.0
|Aug sun = 344.0
|Sep sun = 305.0
|Oct sun = 254.0
|Nov sun = 181.0
|Dec sun = 164.0
|Jan humidity = 57
|Feb humidity = 51
|Mar humidity = 43
|Apr humidity = 39
|May humidity = 31
|Jun humidity = 25
|Jul humidity = 25
|Aug humidity = 26
|Sep humidity = 28
|Oct humidity = 36
|Nov humidity = 50
|Dec humidity = 58
| Jan snow cm  = 24.0
| Feb snow cm  = 11.6
| Mar snow cm  = 1.7
| Apr snow cm  = 0.1
| May snow cm  = 0.0
| Jun snow cm  = 0.0
| Jul snow cm  = 0.0
| Aug snow cm  = 0.0
| Sep snow cm  = 0.0
| Oct snow cm  = 0.0
| Nov snow cm  = 0.0
| Dec snow cm  = 7.3
| year snow cm = 
| Jan rain days  =6
| Feb rain days  =7.1
| Mar rain days  =10.3
| Apr rain days  =9.8
| May rain days  =6.9
| Jun rain days  =2
| Jul rain days  =1.6
| Aug rain days  =0.9
| Sep rain days  =0.7
| Oct rain days  =5.3
| Nov rain days  =8.6
| Dec rain days  =7.8
| year rain days =
|Jan snow days= 5.1
|Feb snow days= 2.9
|Mar snow days= 1.1
|Apr snow days= 0.1
|May snow days= 0.0
|Jun snow days= 0.0
|Jul snow days= 0.0
|Aug snow days= 0.0
|Sep snow days= 0.0
|Oct snow days= 0.0
|Nov snow days= 0.4
|Dec snow days= 2.7
| Jan uv  = 2
| Feb uv  = 3
| Mar uv  = 3
| Apr uv  = 5
| May uv  = 6
| Jun uv  = 7
| Jul uv  = 7
| Aug uv  = 7
| Sep uv  = 5
| Oct uv  = 4
| Nov uv  = 3
| Dec uv  = 2
|source 1 = [[NCEI|NOAA NCEI]]<ref name="ncei">{{cite web |title=World Meteorological Organization Climate Normals for 1991-2020: TehranMehrabadAirport-40754 |url=https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/TehranMehrabadAirport_40754.csv |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |access-date=17 March 2024 |format=CSV |archive-date=30 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330141518/https://www.nodc.noaa.gov/archive/arc0216/0253808/2.2/data/0-data/Region-2-WMO-Normals-9120/Iran/CSV/TehranMehrabadAirport_40754.csv |url-status=live }}</ref> (snowfall 1981-2010)<ref name="snow81">{{cite web |title=WMO Climate Normals for 1981-2010: Tehran (Mehrabad airport) |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-II/Iran/WMO_Normals_Excel_IRAN_060719.xls |website=ncei.noaa.gov |publisher=[[NOAA]] |access-date=28 March 2024 |format=XLS |quote=WMO number: 40754 |archive-date=20 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221120051914/https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1981-2010/RA-II/Iran/WMO_Normals_Excel_IRAN_060719.xls |url-status=live }}</ref>
|source 2 = Iran Meteorological Organization (records<ref name="records">* {{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/7.asp |title=Highest record temperature in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=11 March 2018}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.data.irimo.ir/ |title=Highest Record temperatures in Tehran by Month 2011–2020 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=29 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529100320/https://data.irimo.ir/ |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/6.asp |title=Lowest record temperature in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=5 February 2020 |archive-date=5 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205221146/http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/6.asp |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.data.irimo.ir/ |title=Lowest record temperatures in Tehran by Month 2011–2020 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=29 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529100320/https://data.irimo.ir/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>), (snow/sleet days 1951-2005<ref name="snowdays">{{cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/32.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120816025748/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/32.asp |archive-date=16 August 2012 |access-date=28 March 2024 |title=Form 32: No. Of days with snow or sleet Station: Tehran Mehrabad(40754) |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization }}</ref>), Weather Atlas (UV)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/iran/tehran-climate |title=Tehran, Iran - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast |access-date=10 October 2022 |archive-date=16 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171116075251/https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/iran/tehran-climate |url-status=live }}</ref>
|date=October 2022
}}

{{Weather box |metric first= Yes |single line= Yes |location= Tehran-Shomal (north of Tehran), altitude: 1549.1 m (1988–2010, temperature normals, precipitation, and snow days 1988-2020, records 1988-present)
|Jan record high C = 17.2
|Feb record high C = 23.5
|Mar record high C = 29.0
|Apr record high C = 32.4
|May record high C = 34.6
|Jun record high C = 40.4
|Jul record high C = 41.8
|Aug record high C = 42.0
|Sep record high C = 36.9
|Oct record high C = 31.2
|Nov record high C = 23.6
|Dec record high C = 19.6
|Jan high C = 6.9
|Feb high C = 9.1
|Mar high C = 14.3
|Apr high C = 20.2
|May high C = 26.1
|Jun high C = 32.2
|Jul high C = 34.9
|Aug high C = 33.9
|Sep high C = 29.8
|Oct high C = 22.9
|Nov high C = 14.3
|Dec high C = 9.0
|Jan mean C = 3.0
|Feb mean C = 4.8
|Mar mean C = 9.6
|Apr mean C = 15.0
|May mean C = 20.3
|Jun mean C = 26.1
|Jul mean C = 28.9
|Aug mean C = 27.8
|Sep mean C = 23.7
|Oct mean C = 17.3
|Nov mean C = 9.8
|Dec mean C = 5.0
|Jan low C = -1.0
|Feb low C = 0.5
|Mar low C = 4.8
|Apr low C = 9.8
|May low C = 14.5
|Jun low C = 19.9
|Jul low C = 22.9
|Aug low C = 21.6
|Sep low C = 17.5
|Oct low C = 11.6
|Nov low C = 5.2
|Dec low C = 1.0
|Jan record low C = -13.0
|Feb record low C = -11.0
|Mar record low C = -8.0
|Apr record low C = -2.4
|May record low C = 0.0
|Jun record low C = 12.0
|Jul record low C = 15.4
|Aug record low C = 10.6
|Sep record low C = 8.8
|Oct record low C = 2.6
|Nov record low C = -8.3
|Dec record low C = -9.6

|Jan precipitation days= 12.3
|Feb precipitation days= 10.9
|Mar precipitation days= 12.3
|Apr precipitation days= 10.0
|May precipitation days= 8.9
|Jun precipitation days= 3.3
|Jul precipitation days= 3.4
|Aug precipitation days= 1.6
|Sep precipitation days= 1.3
|Oct precipitation days= 5.8
|Nov precipitation days= 8.6
|Dec precipitation days= 10.7

|precipitation colour=green

|Jan precipitation mm = 56.6
|Feb precipitation mm = 64.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 70.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 54.9
|May precipitation mm = 25.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 3.9
|Jul precipitation mm = 5.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 3.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 3.7
|Oct precipitation mm = 24.5
|Nov precipitation mm = 53.8
|Dec precipitation mm = 61.1
|Jan sun = 135.8
|Feb sun = 146.4
|Mar sun = 185.1
|Apr sun = 215.0
|May sun = 274.6
|Jun sun = 322.8
|Jul sun = 331.8
|Aug sun = 327.5
|Sep sun = 292.6
|Oct sun = 245.5
|Nov sun = 171.5
|Dec sun = 135.8
|Jan humidity = 67
|Feb humidity = 59
|Mar humidity = 53
|Apr humidity = 44
|May humidity = 39
|Jun humidity = 30
|Jul humidity = 31
|Aug humidity = 31
|Sep humidity = 33
|Oct humidity = 44
|Nov humidity = 57
|Dec humidity = 66
|Jan snow days= 7.3
|Feb snow days= 5.6
|Mar snow days= 2.3
|Apr snow days= 0.1
|May snow days= 0.1
|Jun snow days= 0
|Jul snow days= 0
|Aug snow days= 0
|Sep snow days= 0
|Oct snow days= 0
|Nov snow days= 1.0
|Dec snow days= 4.0
|source 1 =<ref name="chaharmahalmet.ir">[http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/iranarchive.asp I.R. of Iran Shahrekord Meteorlogical Organization (in Persian)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829024954/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/iranarchive.asp |date=29 August 2017}}. 1988–2020</ref>
|date=1988–2010
|source 2 =<ref name="data.irimo.ir">[http://www.data.irimo.ir/ I.R. of Iran Shahrekord Meteorlogical Organization (in Persian)] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529100320/https://data.irimo.ir/ |date=29 May 2020}}. 1988–2020</ref>}}

{{Weather box
| collapsed = yes
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| location = Tehran Geophysic, altitude: 1418.6 m (1991–2010, temperature normals and precipitation 1991-2020, records 1991-2022)
| Jan record high C = 17.0
| Feb record high C = 22.7
| Mar record high C = 28.4
| Apr record high C = 32.0
| May record high C = 36.0
| Jun record high C = 40.6
| Jul record high C = 41.6
| Aug record high C = 40.9
| Sep record high C = 37.3
| Oct record high C = 32.0
| Nov record high C = 24.0
| Dec record high C = 19.6
| Jan high C = 7.4
| Feb high C = 9.7
| Mar high C = 14.8
| Apr high C = 20.7
| May high C = 26.5
| Jun high C = 32.6
| Jul high C = 35.3
| Aug high C = 34.2
| Sep high C = 30.1
| Oct high C = 23.3
| Nov high C = 14.6
| Dec high C = 9.1
| Jan mean C = 4.2
| Feb mean C = 6.2
| Mar mean C = 10.7
| Apr mean C = 16.3
| May mean C = 21.9
| Jun mean C = 27.8
| Jul mean C = 30.5
| Aug mean C = 29.5
| Sep mean C = 25.4
| Oct mean C = 18.8
| Nov mean C = 10.8
| Dec mean C = 6.0
| Jan low C = 0.8
| Feb low C = 2.5
| Mar low C = 6.6
| Apr low C = 11.7
| May low C = 16.5
| Jun low C = 22.1
| Jul low C = 25.1
| Aug low C = 24.1
| Sep low C = 20.2
| Oct low C = 14.3
| Nov low C = 7.3
| Dec low C = 2.7
| Jan record low C = -11.7
| Feb record low C = -8.2
| Mar record low C = -6.0
| Apr record low C = -1.8
| May record low C = 4.5
| Jun record low C = 11.8
| Jul record low C = 15.4
| Aug record low C = 13.6
| Sep record low C = 10.0
| Oct record low C = 6.4
| Nov record low C = -7.9
| Dec record low C = -7.2
| Jan precipitation days = 10.0
| Feb precipitation days = 9.1
| Mar precipitation days = 11.2
| Apr precipitation days = 9.3
| May precipitation days = 8.5
| Jun precipitation days = 2.7
| Jul precipitation days = 1.6
| Aug precipitation days = 0.9
| Sep precipitation days = 1.2
| Oct precipitation days = 4.1
| Nov precipitation days = 8.4
| Dec precipitation days = 10.1
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 47.4
| Feb precipitation mm = 38.7
| Mar precipitation mm = 51.9
| Apr precipitation mm = 40.5
| May precipitation mm = 17.3
| Jun precipitation mm = 3.6
| Jul precipitation mm = 3.2
| Aug precipitation mm = 2.5
| Sep precipitation mm = 2.0
| Oct precipitation mm = 17.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 36.1
| Dec precipitation mm = 39.5
| Jan sun = 157.3
| Feb sun = 172.3
| Mar sun = 198.1
| Apr sun = 213.8
| May sun = 279.1
| Jun sun = 342.4
| Jul sun = 345.2
| Aug sun = 346.7
| Sep sun = 308.4
| Oct sun = 257.1
| Nov sun = 180.1
| Dec sun = 146.8
| Jan snow days = 5.1
| Feb snow days = 3.3
| Mar snow days = 2.0
| Apr snow days = 0.0
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.1
| Nov snow days = 0.3
| Dec snow days = 2.9
| source 1 = Iran Meteorological Organization (records<ref name="records" /> (temperatures<ref name="temperatures">* {{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/3.asp |title=Average Maximum temperature in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=6 September 2014}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.data.irimo.ir/ |title=Average Maximum temperatures in Tehran by Month 2011–2020 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=29 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529100320/https://data.irimo.ir/ |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/5.asp |title=Average Mean Daily temperature in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=5 February 2020 |archive-date=5 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200205222350/http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/5.asp |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/2.asp |title=Average Minimum temperature in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=20 March 2016}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.data.irimo.ir/ |title=Average Minimum temperatures in Tehran by Month 2011–2020 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |access-date=27 October 2022 |archive-date=29 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200529100320/https://data.irimo.ir/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>), (precipitation<ref name="precipitation2">{{cite web |url=http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/JEOPHYSI/25.asp |title=Monthly Total Precipitation in Tehran(Jeophysics by Month 1991–2005 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization |archive-date=20 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320085246/http://www.chaharmahalmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/JEOPHYSI/25.asp |url-status=dead |access-date=28 March 2024 }}</ref>), (humidity<ref name="humidity">{{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/14.asp |title=Average relative humidity in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>), (days with precipitation<ref name="precipdays">{{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/30.asp |title=No. Of days with precipitation in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="snowdays" />), (sunshine<ref name="sunshine">{{cite web |url=http://www.chbmet.ir/stat/archive/iran/teh/TEHRAN/42.asp |title=Monthly total sunshine hours in Tehran by Month 1951–2010 |publisher=Iran Meteorological Organization}} {{dead link|date=August 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>)
| date = October 2022</ref>
| source = 
}}

In February 2005, heavy snow covered all parts of the city. Snow depth was recorded as {{cvt|15|cm|0}} in the southern part of the city and {{cvt|100|cm|0}} in the northern part of city. One newspaper reported that it had been the worst weather in 34 years. Ten thousand bulldozers and 13,000 municipal workers were deployed to keep the main roads open.<ref name="BBC">{{Cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4250831.stm/ |author=Harrison, Frances |title=Iran gripped by wintry weather |date=19 February 2005 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=20 August 2012 |archive-date=11 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111011190509/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4250831.stm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="chn">{{Cite web |url=http://www.chn.ir/NSite/FullStory/News/?Id=74960&Serv=0&SGr=0/ |title=Heavy Snowfall in Tehran |language=fa |access-date=30 March 2018 |archive-date=26 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130426100918/http://www.chn.ir/NSite/FullStory/News/?Id=74960&Serv=0&SGr=0%2F |url-status=dead }}</ref>

On 5 and 6 January 2008, a [[Winter storm|wave of heavy snow and low temperatures]] covered the city in a thick layer of snow and ice, forcing the Council of Ministers to officially declare a [[state of emergency]] and close down the capital from 6 January through 7 January.<ref name="IRNA">[https://web.archive.org/web/20080208071157/http://www1.irna.com/fa/news/view/line-2/8610166477213215.htm/ Heavy Snowfall in Tehran (in Persian)]. irna.com</ref>

On 3 February 2014, Tehran received heavy snowfall, specifically in the northern parts of the city, with a depth of {{convert|2|m|ft}}. In one week of successive snowfalls, roads were made impassable in some areas, with the temperature ranging from {{cvt|−8|°C|0}}&nbsp; to&nbsp; {{cvt|−16|°C|0}}.<ref name="BBC News">{{Cite news |url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26061662/ |title=Rare snow blankets Iran's capital Tehran |publisher=BBC News |access-date=3 June 2014 |archive-date=22 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522130824/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-26061662 |url-status=live }}</ref>

On 3 June 2014, a severe thunderstorm with powerful [[microbursts]] created a [[haboob]], engulfing the city in sand and dust and causing five deaths, with more than 57 injured. This event also knocked down numerous trees and power lines. It struck between 5:00 and 6:00&nbsp;p.m., dropping temperatures from {{cvt|33|C}}&nbsp; to {{cvt|19|C}}&nbsp; within an hour. The dramatic temperature drop was accompanied by wind gusts reaching nearly {{cvt|118|km/h|mph}}.<ref name="AccuWeather">{{Cite web |url=http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/deadly-dust-storm-blasts-tehra-1/28046154/ |title=Deadly Dust Storm Engulfs Iran's Capital |date=3 June 2014 |website=AccuWeather.com |access-date=3 June 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140603084845/http://www.accuweather.com/en/weather-news/deadly-dust-storm-blasts-tehra-1/28046154 |archive-date=3 June 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Environmental issues ===
{{See also|Environmental issues in Tehran|Environmental issues in Iran|List of earthquakes in Iran}}
[[File:Air pollution of Tehran - 5 January 2013 06.jpg|thumb|Heavy air pollution in Tehran]]
A plan to move the capital has been discussed many times in prior years, due mainly to the environmental issues of the region. Tehran is one of the world's most polluted cities and is also located near two major [[fault lines]].

The city suffers from severe air pollution, 80% of it due to cars.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/09/jan/1007.html |title=Car exhaust fumes blamed for over 80% of air pollution in Tehran |website=Payvand.com |date=22 November 2006 |access-date=25 September 2010 |archive-date=29 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110629091518/http://www.payvand.com/news/09/jan/1007.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The remaining 20% is due to [[industrial pollution]]. Other estimates suggest that motorcycles alone account for 30% of air and 50% of [[noise pollution]] in Tehran.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/10/oct/1239.html |title=Motorcycles Account for 30% of Air Pollution in Tehran |website=Payvand.com |date=22 November 2006 |access-date=12 November 2010 |archive-date=7 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110107063229/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/oct/1239.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Tehran is also considered one of the strongest sources of greenhouse gas emissions in the Middle East. Enhanced concentration of carbon dioxide over the city (that are likely originated from the anthropogenic urban sources in the city) is easily detectable from satellite observations throughout the year.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Labzovskii |first=Lev |date=2 August 2019 |title=Working towards confident spaceborne monitoring of carbon emissions from cities using Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034425719303785 |journal=Remote Sensing of Environment |volume=233 (2019) 11359 |doi=10.1016/j.rse.2019.111359 |bibcode=2019RSEnv.23311359L |access-date=27 January 2020 |archive-date=27 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127042353/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0034425719303785 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2010, the government announced that "for security and administrative reasons, the plan to move the capital from Tehran has been finalized."<ref name="Relocation">{{cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/10/may/1322.html |title=For Security and Administrative [sic] Reasons: Plan to Move Capital From Tehran Finalized |website=Payvand.com |access-date=25 September 2010 |archive-date=3 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603033101/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/may/1322.html |url-status=live }}</ref> There are plans to relocate 163 state firms and several [[List of Iranian Universities|universities]] from Tehran to avoid damages from a potential earthquake.<ref name="Relocation" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jul/1064.html |title=Iran Moots Shifting Capital from Tehran |website=Payvand.com |date=22 November 2006 |access-date=25 September 2010 |archive-date=10 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100710192546/http://www.payvand.com/news/10/jul/1064.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

The officials are engaged in a battle to reduce air pollution. It has, for instance, encouraged taxis and buses to convert from petrol engines to engines that run on [[compressed natural gas]]. Furthermore, the government has set up a "Traffic Zone" covering the city centre during peak traffic hours. Entering and driving inside this zone is only allowed with a special permit.

There have also been plans to raise people's awareness of the hazards of pollution. One method that is being employed is the installation of Pollution Indicator Boards all around the city to monitor the level of [[Atmospheric particulate matter|particulate matter]] (PM2.5/PM10), [[nitrogen dioxide]] (NO<sub>2</sub>), ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), [[sulfur dioxide]] (SO<sub>2</sub>), and [[carbon monoxide]] (CO).