Editing Sleep apnea (section)

===Weight loss===
Excess body weight is thought to be an important cause of sleep apnea.<ref name="young">{{cite journal |last1=Young |first1=Terry |last2=Peppard |first2=Paul E. |last3=Gottlieb |first3=Daniel J. |title=Epidemiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Population Health Perspective |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |date=May 2002 |volume=165 |issue=9 |pages=1217–1239 |doi=10.1164/rccm.2109080 |pmid=11991871 |s2cid=23784058 }}</ref> People who are overweight have more tissues in the back of their throat which can restrict the airway, especially when sleeping.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Watson |first1=Stephanie |title=Weight loss, breathing devices still best for treating obstructive sleep apnea |url=https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/weight-loss-breathing-devices-still-best-for-treating-obstructive-sleep-apnea-201310026713 |work=Harvard Health Blog |date=2 October 2013 |access-date=21 October 2019 |archive-date=3 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190703145118/https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/weight-loss-breathing-devices-still-best-for-treating-obstructive-sleep-apnea-201310026713 |url-status=live }}</ref> In weight loss studies of overweight individuals, those who lose weight show reduced apnea frequencies and improved apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI).<ref name="young"/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Tuomilehto HP, Seppä JM, Partinen MM, Peltonen M, Gylling H, Tuomilehto JO, Vanninen EJ, Kokkarinen J, Sahlman JK, Martikainen T, Soini EJ, Randell J, Tukiainen H, Uusitupa M | title = Lifestyle intervention with weight reduction: first-line treatment in mild obstructive sleep apnea | journal = American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine | volume = 179 | issue = 4 | pages = 320–7 | date = February 2009 | pmid = 19011153 | doi = 10.1164/rccm.200805-669OC }}</ref> Weight loss effective enough to relieve [[obesity hypoventilation syndrome]] (OHS) must be 25–30% of body weight. For some obese people, it can be difficult to achieve and maintain this result without [[bariatric surgery]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mokhlesi |first1=Babak |last2=Masa |first2=Juan Fernando |last3=Brozek |first3=Jan L. |last4=Gurubhagavatula |first4=Indira |last5=Murphy |first5=Patrick B. |last6=Piper |first6=Amanda J. |last7=Tulaimat |first7=Aiman |last8=Afshar |first8=Majid |last9=Balachandran |first9=Jay S. |last10=Dweik |first10=Raed A. |last11=Grunstein |first11=Ronald R. |last12=Hart |first12=Nicholas |last13=Kaw |first13=Roop |last14=Lorenzi-Filho |first14=Geraldo |last15=Pamidi |first15=Sushmita |last16=Patel |first16=Bhakti K. |last17=Patil |first17=Susheel P. |last18=Pépin |first18=Jean Louis |last19=Soghier |first19=Israa |last20=Tamae Kakazu |first20=Maximiliano |last21=Teodorescu |first21=Mihaela |title=Evaluation and Management of Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome. An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Practice Guideline |journal=American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine |date=1 August 2019 |volume=200 |issue=3 |pages=e6–e24 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201905-1071ST |pmid=31368798 |pmc=6680300 }}</ref>