Editing Scandium (section)

===Other===
The [[radioactive isotope]] <sup>46</sup>Sc is used in [[oil refinery|oil refineries]] as a tracing agent.<ref name="CRC" /> [[Scandium triflate]] is a catalytic [[Lewis acid]] used in [[organic chemistry]].<ref>{{cite journal|journal= [[Pure and Applied Chemistry]]|volume= 72|issue= 7|pages= 1373–1380|date= 2000|title= Green Lewis acid catalysis in organic synthesis|first= Shu|last= Kobayashi|author2=Manabe, Kei |url= http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/2000/7207/7207pdf/7207kobayashi_1373.pdf|doi= 10.1351/pac200072071373|s2cid= 16770637}}</ref>

The 12.4 keV nuclear transition of <sup>45</sup>Sc has been studied as a reference for timekeeping applications, with a theoretical precision as much as three orders of magnitude better than the current [[caesium]] reference clocks.<ref name="Shvyd'ko 2023">{{cite journal |last1=Shvyd’ko |first1=Yuri| last2=Röhlsberger| first2=Ralf |last3=Kocharovskaya |first3=Olga |display-authors=etal |title=Resonant X-ray excitation of the nuclear clock isomer <sup>45</sup>Sc |journal=Nature |volume=622 |date=2023 |issue=7983 |issn=0028-0836  |pmid=37758953 |pmc=10584683 |doi=10.1038/s41586-023-06491-w |pages=471–475|bibcode=2023Natur.622..471S }}</ref>

Scandium has been proposed for use in [[Solid oxide fuel cell|solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs)]] as a dopant in the electrolyte material, typically [[zirconia| zirconia (ZrO₂)]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mathur |first1=Lakshya |last2=Jeon |first2=Sang-Yun |year=2024 |title=Ternary co-doped ytterbium-scandium stabilized zirconia electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells |journal=Solid State Ionics |volume=408 |page=116507 |doi=10.1016/j.ssi.2024.116507}}</ref> [[Scandium oxide |Scandium oxide (Sc₂O₃)]] is one of several possible additives to enhance the ionic conductivity of the [[zirconia]], improving the overall thermal stability, performance and efficiency of the fuel cell.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dokiya |first=Masayuki |date=2002-12-01 |title=SOFC system and technology |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167273802003454 |journal=Solid State Ionics |series=PROCEEDINGS OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID STATE IONICS, (MATERIALS AND PROCESSES FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT), CAIRNS, AUSTRALIA, 8-13 JULY, 2001 |volume=152-153 |pages=383–392 |doi=10.1016/S0167-2738(02)00345-4 |issn=0167-2738}}</ref> This application would be particularly valuable in clean energy technologies, as SOFCs can utilize a variety of fuels and have high energy conversion efficiencies.<ref>{{cite journal |first1=Zhishan |last1=Li |first2=Meiting |last2=Guo |year=2024 |title=Utilization of Thermocatalysts in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Fed with Hydrogen-Rich Fuels: A Mini-Review |journal=Energy Fuels |volume=38 |issue=12 |pages=10673–10690 |doi=10.1021/acs.energyfuels.4c01609}}</ref>