Editing Rhenium (section)

===Other uses===
The isotopes <sup>186</sup>Re and <sup>188</sup>Re are radioactive and are used for treatment of [[liver cancer]]. They both have similar [[penetration depth]] in tissue (5&nbsp;mm for <sup>186</sup>Re and 11&nbsp;mm for <sup>188</sup>Re), but <sup>186</sup>Re has the advantage of a longer half life (90 hours vs. 17 hours).<ref name="Dilw">{{cite journal| first=Jonathan R.|last=Dilworth|author2=Parrott, Suzanne J. |title=The biomedical chemistry of technetium and rhenium| journal=Chemical Society Reviews|date= 1998|volume=27|pages=43–55|doi=10.1039/a827043z}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|publisher=[[Oak Ridge National Laboratory]]|title=The Tungsten-188 and Rhenium-188 Generator Information|date=2005|url=http://www.ornl.gov/sci/nuclear_science_technology/nu_med/188info.htm|access-date=2008-02-03 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080109170105/http://www.ornl.gov/sci/nuclear_science_technology/nu_med/188info.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2008-01-09}}</ref>

<sup>188</sup>Re is also being used experimentally in a novel treatment of pancreatic cancer where it is delivered by means of the bacterium ''Listeria monocytogenes''.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Baker|first=Monya|title=Radioactive bacteria attack cancer|url=http://www.nature.com/news/radioactive-bacteria-attack-cancer-1.12841|journal=Nature|date=22 April 2013|doi=10.1038/nature.2013.12841|doi-access=free}}</ref> The <sup>188</sup>Re isotope is also used for the rhenium-SCT ([[skin cancer]] therapy). The treatment uses the isotope's properties as a [[Beta decay|beta emitter]] for [[brachytherapy]] in the treatment of [[Basal-cell carcinoma|basal cell carcinoma]] and [[Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck|squamous cell carcinoma]] of the skin.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Cipriani|first1=Cesidio|last2=Desantis|first2=Maria|last3=Dahlhoff|first3=Gerhard|last4=Brown|first4=Shannon D.|last5=Wendler|first5=Thomas|last6=Olmeda|first6=Mar|last7=Pietsch|first7=Gunilla|last8=Eberlein|first8=Bernadette|date=2020-07-22|title=Personalized irradiation therapy for NMSC by rhenium-188 skin cancer therapy: a long-term retrospective study|journal=Journal of Dermatological Treatment|volume=33 |issue=2 |language=en|pages=969–975|doi=10.1080/09546634.2020.1793890|pmid=32648530|issn=0954-6634|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Related by [[periodic trends]], rhenium has a similar chemistry to that of [[technetium]]; work done to label rhenium onto target compounds can often be translated to technetium. This is useful for radiopharmacy, where it is difficult to work with technetium – especially the [[technetium-99m]] isotope used in medicine – due to its expense and short half-life.<ref name="Dilw" /><ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1039/QR9621600299|title=An outline of technetium chemistry|date=1962|author=Colton, R.|author2=Peacock R. D. |journal=Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society|volume=16|pages=299–315|issue=4}}</ref>

Rhenium is used in manufacturing high precision equipment like [[gyroscopes]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.samaterials.com/content/six-strategic-metals-widely-used-in-the-military-industry.html |title=Six Strategic Metals Widely Used in the Military Industry |last=Trento |first=Chin |website=Stanford Standard Materials |date=Apr 12, 2024 |access-date=June 24, 2024}}</ref> Its high [[density]], mechanical stability and [[corrosion]] resistance characteristics<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/rhenium |title=Rhenium |date=Mar 1, 2024 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=June 24, 2024}}</ref> ensure the equipment's [[durability]] and precise performance in demanding conditions. Rhenium cathodes are also used for their stability and precision in spectral analysis.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Azarov |first1=V. |last2=Gayasov |first2=R. |date=2017 |title= Revised analysis of the fifth spectrum of rhenium (Re V) |url=https://www.nist.gov/publications/revised-analysis-fifth-spectrum-rhenium-re-v |journal=Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables |volume=119 |pages=175–192 |doi=10.1016/j.adt.2017.01.003 |access-date=June 24, 2024}}</ref>

Rhenium is used in aerospace, nuclear, and electronic industries, and it shows potential for application in medical instrumentation.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://spinoff.nasa.gov/spinoff2001/ip11.html |title=Rhenium Redefined |year=2001 |website=NASA |access-date=Oct 28, 2024}}</ref> In the rocket industry, it is used in engine components for booster rockets.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.refractorymetal.org/rhenium/ |title=Applications of Rhenium |website=Advance Refractory Metals |access-date=Oct 28, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |last=Harding |first=John |year=1988 |title=Iridium-Coated Rhenium Thrusters by CVD |publisher=NASA |url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19880020490/downloads/19880020490.pdf |access-date=Oct 27, 2024 |page=2}}</ref> Additionally, rhenium was employed in the [[SP-100]] program due to its low-temperature ductility.<ref>{{cite report |last1=Hagel |first1=W.C. |last2=Shields |first2=J.A. |year=1984 |title=Processing and Production of Molybdenum and Tungsten Alloys |page=98 |publisher=US Department of Energy |url=https://inis.iaea.org/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/16/003/16003241.pdf |access-date=Oct 28, 2024}}</ref>

Rhenium's stiffness and high melting point makes it a common gasket material for [[high pressure experiments]] in [[Diamond anvil cell|diamond anvil cells]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Anvil Cell |url=https://serc.carleton.edu/NAGTWorkshops/mineralogy/mineral_physics/diamond_anvil.html |access-date=2024-10-01 |website=Mineral Physics |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Nanfei |last2=Chou |first2=I-Ming |last3=Wan |first3=Ye |last4=Wang |first4=Ruoheng |last5=Zhang |first5=Haiyan |last6=Chen |first6=Ying |date=2023-08-20 |title=The intrinsic effects of using rhenium gaskets in hydrothermal diamond anvil cell experiments on background fluorescence, contamination, and redox control |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0009254123002358 |journal=Chemical Geology |volume=632 |pages=121535 |doi=10.1016/j.chemgeo.2023.121535 |issn=0009-2541}}</ref>