Editing Public housing (section)

=== China ===
[[File:上海市彭浦新村老公房 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|An "Old Public House" in Pengpu Xincun, Shanghai.]]
[[File:新城区廉租房 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|A low-rent house in [[Ningnan County]], Sichuan.]]
The public-owned housing system was established when the [[Chinese Communist Party]] started a [[planned economy]] in the 1950s as part of its [[Great Leap Forward]]. The system was funded by the central government's budget and were administered and distributed by [[state-owned enterprise]]s. The occupants of the public housing were usually the employees of the enterprises and their family, who were subject to pay rent at a very low price. The size and the type of room the households received were dependent on their job title or administrative level. The central government found it difficult to upkeep the public housing due to the low rent it received; the distribution policy that was intended to be "[[equalitarianism]]" was actually corrupt.<ref name="gongfang">{{cite book|author=贾绍华|title=房地产业健康发展的税收政策研究：基于海南国际旅游岛房地产业的分析|publisher=中国财政经济出版社|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hu9_DwAAQBAJ&q=%E5%85%AC%E6%88%BF+%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E&pg=PT143|isbn=9-787-5095-4636-9|language=zh|date=15 July 2013}}</ref>

The Chinese government commercialized the housing market after the [[Chinese economic reform|economic reform]] started in 1978 by [[Deng Xiaoping]]. The public houses that were constructed before that the economic reforms were categorized as "Old Public Houses" ({{lang-zh|老公房}}). "Old Public Houses" were, in principle, not supposed to be privately sold, but the household could sell it after purchasing the ownership of the building (not the property), and such transactions were subject to be review by local housing authorities and the [[State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission]].<ref>{{cite news|title=律师房谈：老公房买卖存隐患 户口问题是大难|url=https://sh.house.qq.com/a/20141125/041235_all.htm|publisher=腾讯网|date=25 November 2014|language=zh|access-date=30 March 2019|archive-date=13 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513015748/https://sh.house.qq.com/a/20141125/041235_all.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, an informal filing system and unclear policies resulted in problems of corruption and family dispute.<ref>{{cite news|title=杭州一位小科长能贪19套公房？来看他这些年来的变形记|url=http://zj.ifeng.com/a/20171121/6168835_0.shtml|publisher=凤凰网|date=21 November 2017|language=zh|access-date=30 March 2019|archive-date=13 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513222349/http://zj.ifeng.com/a/20171121/6168835_0.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=十三、 涉老公房买卖纠纷的调解处理|url=http://www.shezfy.com/book/tcsc/p5_14.html|publisher=上海市第二中级人民法院|language=zh|access-date=30 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327153532/http://www.shezfy.com/book/tcsc/p5_14.html|archive-date=27 March 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The concept of the low-cost rental housing can be traced to a 1998 policy statement,{{clarify|date=January 2012}} but did not truly take off until 2006 due to limited funding and administrative problems. The provision of more affordable housing is one of the key components of China's [[Five-year plans of China|Twelfth Five-year Plan]], which targets the construction of 36 million homes by 2015. That program's costs will be split between the private and public sector and are estimated at five trillion yuan by [[China International Capital Corporation]].<ref>Sun Jianfang (24 October 2011) [http://www.eeo.com.cn/ens/2011/1209/217531.shtml Will Housing Projects Boost GDP?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304110946/http://www.eeo.com.cn/ens/2011/1209/217531.shtml |date=4 March 2012 }} The Economic Observer Quarterly. Retrieved 9 December 2011.</ref>