Editing Pergamon (section)

====Temple of Athena====
[[File:PergamonAthene1.jpg|left|thumb|Temple of Athena]]
Pergamon's oldest temple is a sanctuary of Athena from the 4th century BC. It was a north-facing [[Doric order|Doric]] [[peripteros]] temple with six columns on the short side and ten on the long side and a [[cella]] divided into two rooms. The foundations, measuring around 12.70 x 21.80 metres, are still visible today. The columns were around 5.25 metres high, 0.75 metres in diameter, and the distance between the columns was 1.62 metres, so the colonnade was very light for a temple of this period. This is matched by the shape of the [[triglyph]]s, which usually consist of a sequence of two triglyphs and two [[metope]]s, but are instead composed of three of triglyphs and three metopes. The columns of the temple are unfluted and retained [[bossage]], but it is not clear whether this was a result of carelessness or incompleteness.

A two-story stoa surrounding the temple on three sides was added under Eumenes II, along with the [[propylon]] in the southeast corner, which is now found, largely reconstructed, in the [[Pergamon Museum]] in Berlin. The balustrade of the upper level of the north and east stoas was decorated with reliefs depicting weapons which commemorated Eumenes II's military victory. The construction mixed Ionic columns and Doric triglyphs (of which five triglyphs and metopes survive). In the area of the sanctuary, Attalos I and Eumenes II constructed victory monuments, most notably the Gallic dedications. The northern stoa seems to have been the site of the Library of Pergamon.<ref>''Altertümer von Pergamon''. II; [[Gottfried Gruben]]: ''Die Tempel der Griechen''. 3. Auflage. Hirmer, München 1980, pp. 425–429.</ref>