Editing Perak (section)

=== Administrative divisions ===
{{main|List of districts in Malaysia|List of local governments in Malaysia}}
Perak is divided into 12 [[Districts of Malaysia|districts]] (''daerah''), 81 ''[[mukim]]s'', and 15 local governments.<ref name="UPI">{{cite web|url=https://www.mygeoportal.gov.my/sites/default/files/UPI/KOD%20DAN%20NAMA%20SEMPADAN%20PENTADBIRAN%20TANAH_PERAK.pdf|title=Kod Dan Nama Sempadan Pentadbiran Tanah|trans-title=Land Administration Boundary Code And Name|language=ms|publisher=Centre for Geospatial Data Infrastructure, Ministry of Water, Land and Natural Resources of Malaysia|year=2011|access-date=18 October 2019|pages=1–49 [1/55]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018040107/https://www.mygeoportal.gov.my/sites/default/files/UPI/KOD%20DAN%20NAMA%20SEMPADAN%20PENTADBIRAN%20TANAH_PERAK.pdf|archive-date=18 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/citizen/agency-links/local-authorities|title=Local Authorities|publisher=Government of Perak|access-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018040522/https://www.perak.gov.my/index.php/en/citizen/agency-links/local-authorities|archive-date=18 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> There are district officers for each district and a village chief (''ketua kampung'' or ''[[penghulu]]'') for each village in the district. Before the British arrived, Perak was run by a group of relatives and friends of the sultan who held rights to collect taxes and duties.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The British developed a more organised administration following Perak's integration into the [[Federated Malay States]] (FMS). The FMS government created two institutions, the State Council and the Malay Administrative Service (MAS).<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The two institutions encouraged direct Malay participation and gave the former ruling class a place in the new administrative structure. Most of the sultan's district chiefs removed from authority at that time were given new positions in the State Council, although their influence was restricted to Malay social matters raised in council business. The sultan and the district chiefs were compensated for their loss of tax revenue with a monthly allowance from the state treasury.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/>

The role of the local ''penghulus'' changed considerably when they were appointed no longer by the sultan but by the British Resident.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Penghulus in Perak and Selangor: The Rationalization and Decline of a Traditional Malay Office|author=Paul H. Kratoska|journal=Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society|year=1984|volume=57|issue=2|pages=31–59|jstor=41492983}}</ref> Colonial land policy introduced individual landholding, thereby making land a commodity, and the ''penghulu'' were then involved in matters relating to this property.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The Perak State Council was established in 1875 to assist the British Resident in most administrative matters. It also brought together the Malay chiefs and Chinese leaders (''[[Kapitan Cina]]'') to deal with certain administrative issues relating to Perak's growing Malay and Chinese populations.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/> The State Council also helped provide education and training to assist Malays in qualifying for government positions. When the post of the FMS Resident was abolished, other European-held administrative posts were gradually occupied by local appointees. As in the rest of Malaysia, local government comes under the purview of state government.<ref name="transformation of Perak's political and economic structure"/>

{|class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; font-size:smaller; text-align:center"
|-
! colspan=7 | '''Administrative divisions of Perak'''
|-
| rowspan=15 style="font-size:larger" | {{Perak Labelled Map}}
|-
! UPI code<ref name="UPI"/>
! [[Districts of Malaysia|Districts]]
! Population<br>(2010 census)<ref name="total population"/>
! Area<br>(km2)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.instun.gov.my/index.php/en/docman/capaian/1209-draf-rancangan-struktur-negeri-perak-2040/file|title=Rancangan Struktur Negeri Perak 2040 (Jadual 1.2: Senarai Daerah Di Negeri Perak)|trans-title=Perak State Structure Plan 2040 (Table 1.2: List of Districts In Perak State)|publisher=National Institute of Land and Survey of Malaysia|pages=1–10 [30/194]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025062708/https://www.instun.gov.my/index.php/en/docman/capaian/1209-draf-rancangan-struktur-negeri-perak-2040/file|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
! Seat
! Mukims
|-
! 0801
! [[Batang Padang District|Batang Padang]]
| 123,600
| 1,794.18
| [[Tapah]]
| 4
|-
! 0802
! [[Manjung District|Manjung]]
| 227,071
| 1,113.58
| [[Seri Manjung]]
| 5
|-
! 0803
! [[Kinta District|Kinta]]
| 749,474
| 1,305
| [[Batu Gajah]]
| 5
|-
! 0804
! [[Kerian District|Kerian]]
| 176,975
| 921.47
| [[Parit Buntar]]
| 8
|-
! 0805
! [[Kuala Kangsar District|Kuala Kangsar]]
| 155,592
| 2,563.61
| [[Kuala Kangsar]]
| 9
|-
! 0806
! [[Larut, Matang and Selama District|Larut, Matang and Selama]]
| 326,476
| 2,112.61
| [[Taiping, Perak|Taiping]]
| 14
|-
! 0807
! [[Hilir Perak District|Hilir Perak]]
| 128,179
| 792.07
| [[Teluk Intan]]
| 5
|-
! 0808
! [[Hulu Perak District|Hulu Perak]]
| 89,926
| 6,560.43
| [[Gerik]]
| 10
|- style="background:#EEEEEE;
! ''0809''
! ''[[Selama]]''
| {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{N/A}}
| 3
|-
! 0810
! [[Perak Tengah District|Perak Tengah]]
| 99,854
| 1,279.46
| [[Seri Iskandar]]
| 12
|-
! 0811
! [[Kampar District|Kampar]]
| 96,303
| 669.8
| [[Kampar, Perak|Kampar]]
| 2
|-
! 0812
! [[Muallim District|Muallim]]
| 69,639
| 934.35
| [[Tanjung Malim]]
| 3
|-
! 0813
! [[Bagan Datuk District|Bagan Datuk]]
| 70,300
| 951.52
| [[Bagan Datuk]]
| 4
|-
| colspan=7 style="text-align:left" | Note: Population data for Hilir Perak, Bagan Datuk, Batang Padang, and Muallim are based on district land office data. Selama is an autonomous sub-district (''daerah kecil'') under Larut, Matang and Selama.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pdtselama.perak.gov.my/profil/piagam-pelanggan/geografi|title=Laman Web Pejabat Daerah Dan Tanah - Geografi|website=pdtselama.perak.gov.my}}</ref> Most districts and sub-districts have a single local government, excepting Hulu Perak and Kinta, respectively divided into three (Gerik, Lenggong and Pengkalan Hulu), and two (Batu Gajah and Ipoh) local councils. Bagan Datuk remains under the jurisdiction of Teluk Intan council.
|}

On 26 November 2015, it was announced that the [[Batang Padang District]] sub-district of Tanjung Malim would become Perak's 11th district, to be called [[Muallim District|Muallim]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/metro/community/2015/11/27/new-district-in-perak-muallim-district-to-be-declared-the-11th-in-the-state-in-conjunction-with-sult|title=Muallim is new district in Perak|author=Chan Li Leen|work=The Star|date=27 November 2015|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://ptg.perak.gov.my/ptgperak/index.php/en/280-arkib-buletin/448-11-januari-2016-muallim-daerah-kesebelas-negeri-perak|title=Muallim the Eleventh District of Perak State|publisher=Office of the Director of Land and Mines Perak|date=11 January 2016|access-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016044637/https://ptg.perak.gov.my/ptgperak/index.php/en/280-arkib-buletin/448-11-januari-2016-muallim-daerah-kesebelas-negeri-perak|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Sultan Nazrin officiated at its formal creation on 11 January 2016.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/01/121608/muallim-now-peraks-11th-district|title=Muallim is now Perak's 11th district|author=M. Hamzah Jamaludin|newspaper=New Straits Times|date=11 January 2016|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref> On 9 January 2017, the sultan proclaimed [[Bagan Datuk District|Bagan Datuk]] the 12th district of the state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prk.icu.gov.my/v3/index.php/ms/info-sdo/aktiviti-pppn/312-bagan-datuk-daerah-ke12|title=Pengisytiharan Rasmi Bagan Datuk Sebagai Daerah Baru|trans-title=Official Declaration of Bagan Datuk As a New District|language=ms|publisher=Federal Development Office of Perak State|date=9 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191016045248/http://www.prk.icu.gov.my/v3/index.php/en/sdo-info/activity-archive/312-bagan-datuk-daerah-ke12|archive-date=16 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> The proclamation marked the start of transformation for the district, one of the biggest [[coconut]] producers in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/01/10/bagan-datuk-is-now-peraks-12th-district-zahid-rm13bil-allotted-for-its-development/|title=Bagan Datuk is now Perak's 12th district|work=The Star|date=10 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/01/205952/transforming-bagan-datuk|title=Transforming Bagan Datuk|author=Nuradzimmah Daim|newspaper=New Straits Times|date=21 January 2017|access-date=16 October 2019}}</ref>