Editing Obesity (section)

=== Other factors ===
Not getting enough sleep [[sleep and weight|is also associated with obesity]].<ref name=Cap2008>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cappuccio FP, Taggart FM, Kandala NB, Currie A, Peile E, Stranges S, Miller MA | title = Meta-analysis of short sleep duration and obesity in children and adults | journal = Sleep | volume = 31 | issue = 5 | pages = 619–626 | date = May 2008 | pmid = 18517032 | pmc = 2398753 | doi = 10.1093/sleep/31.5.619 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller MA, Kruisbrink M, Wallace J, Ji C, Cappuccio FP | title = Sleep duration and incidence of obesity in infants, children, and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies | journal = Sleep | volume = 41 | issue = 4 | date = April 2018 | pmid = 29401314 | doi = 10.1093/sleep/zsy018 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Whether one causes the other is unclear.<ref name=Cap2008/> Even if short sleep does increase weight gain, it is unclear if this is to a meaningful degree or if increasing sleep would be of benefit.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Horne J | title = Obesity and short sleep: unlikely bedfellows? | journal = Obesity Reviews | volume = 12 | issue = 5 | pages = e84–e94 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21366837 | doi = 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00847.x | s2cid = 23948346 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Some have proposed that chemical compounds called "[[obesogens]]" may play a role in obesity.

Certain aspects of [[personality]] are associated with being obese.<ref name=Ger2014>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gerlach G, Herpertz S, Loeber S | title = Personality traits and obesity: a systematic review | journal = Obesity Reviews | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 32–63 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25470329 | doi = 10.1111/obr.12235 | s2cid = 46500679 }}</ref> [[Loneliness]],<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lauder W, Mummery K, Jones M, Caperchione C | title = A comparison of health behaviours in lonely and non-lonely populations | journal = Psychology, Health & Medicine | volume = 11 | issue = 2 | pages = 233–245 | date = May 2006 | pmid = 17129911 | doi = 10.1080/13548500500266607 | s2cid = 24974378 }}</ref> [[neuroticism]], [[impulsivity]], and sensitivity to reward are more common in people who are obese while [[conscientiousness]] and [[self-control]] are less common in people who are obese.<ref name=Ger2014/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jokela M, Hintsanen M, Hakulinen C, Batty GD, Nabi H, Singh-Manoux A, Kivimäki M | title = Association of personality with the development and persistence of obesity: a meta-analysis based on individual-participant data | journal = Obesity Reviews | volume = 14 | issue = 4 | pages = 315–323 | date = April 2013 | pmid = 23176713 | pmc = 3717171 | doi = 10.1111/obr.12007 | author6-link = Archana Singh-Manoux }}</ref> Because most of the studies on this topic are questionnaire-based, it is possible that these findings overestimate the relationships between personality and obesity: people who are obese might be aware of the [[social stigma of obesity]] and their questionnaire responses might be biased accordingly.<ref name=Ger2014 /> Similarly, the personalities of people who are obese as children might be influenced by obesity stigma, rather than these personality factors acting as risk factors for obesity.<ref name=Ger2014 />

In relation to globalization, it is known that trade liberalization is linked to obesity; research, based on data from 175 countries during 1975–2016, showed that obesity prevalence was positively correlated with trade openness, and the correlation was stronger in developing countries.<ref> {{cite journal | vauthors= An R et al |title=Trade openness and the obesity epidemic: a cross-national study of 175 countries during 1975-2016|journal=Annals of Epidemiology|volume=37|pages=31–36|date=July 2019|doi=10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.07.002 |pmid=31399309 }}</ref>