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Night of the Long Knives
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==Notes== {{notelist | notes = {{efn | name = Papen | Papen, nonetheless, remained in his position although people quite close to him were murdered, including [[Edgar Jung]], the writer of the [[Marburg speech]] Papen had given which was critical of the Nazi regime. }} {{efn | name = Evans p39 | "At least eighty-five people are known to have been summarily killed without any formal legal proceedings being taken against them. Göring alone had over a thousand people arrested." {{harvnb|Evans|2005|p=39}}. }} {{efn | name = Kershaw p517 | "The names of eighty-five victims [exist], only fifty of them SA men. Some estimates, however, put the total number killed at between 150 and 200." {{harvnb|Kershaw|1999|p=517}}. }} {{efn | name = Johnson_298 | Johnson places the total at 150 killed. {{harvnb|Johnson|1991|p=298}}. }} {{efn | name = 1932 parliamentary elections | In the [[November 1932 German federal election|November 1932 parliamentary elections]], the [[Nazi Party]] won 196 seats in the Reichstag out of a possible 584. The Nazis were the largest party in the legislature but were still considerably short of a majority. }} {{efn | name = Enabling Act | Through the [[Enabling Act of 1933]] Hitler abrogated the nation's legislative power and was thereafter effectively able to rule through [[promulgation]] of [[decree]]s that avoided the [[Legislate|legislative processes]] of the [[Weimar Constitution]] }} {{efn | name = Schoenbaum pp. 35–42 | "The most general theory{{snd}}that National Socialism was a revolution of the lower middle class{{snd}}is defensible but inadequate." {{harvnb|Schoenbaum|1997|pp=35–42}}. }} {{efn | name = Bullock p80 | "But in origin the National Socialists had been a radical anti-capitalist party, and this part of the National Socialist programme was not only taken seriously by many loyal Party members but was of increasing importance in a period of economic depression. How seriously Hitler took the socialist character of National Socialism was to remain one of the main causes of disagreement and division within the Nazi party up to the summer of 1934." {{harvnb|Bullock|1958|p=80}}. }} {{efn | name = Stadelheim Prison | Coincidentally, Hitler had been incarcerated at [[Stadelheim Prison]] for about five weeks following the Nazis' disruption of an opposing party's political rally in January 1921. }} {{efn | name = Gürtner | Gürtner also declared in cabinet that the measure did not in fact create any new law, but simply confirmed the existing law. If that was indeed true then, as a legal matter, the law was entirely unnecessary and redundant. {{harvnb|Kershaw|1999|p=518}} }} {{efn | name = Kershaw p87 | "It was plain that there was wide acceptance of the deliberately misleading propaganda put out by the regime." {{harvnb|Kershaw|2001|p=87}}. }} {{efn | name = Evans p72 | "After the 'Night of the Long Knives,' [Reich Minister for Justice Franz Gürtner] nipped in the bud the attempts of some local state prosecutors to initiate proceedings against the killers." {{harvnb|Evans|2005|p=72}}. }} }}
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