Editing NORAD (section)

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=Chronology>{{cite web |title=NORAD Chronology |url=http://www.norad.mil/AboutNORAD/NORADHistory.aspx|publisher=NORAD.mil |access-date=28 July 2012}} (see also [http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/usa/airdef/norad-chron.htm FAS.org chronology])</ref>

<ref name=CMU>{{Cite report |title=FY97 DOT&E Annual Report |url=http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/program/dote97/index.html |chapter=Cheyenne Mountain Upgrade (CMU) |chapter-url=http://www.fas.org/spp/starwars/program/dote97/97cmu.html |format=webpage transcription of chapter |access-date=9 September 2012 |quote=CMU also upgrades and provides new capability to survivable communication and warning elements at the National Military Command Center (NMCC), U.S. Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM), and other forward user locations. CMU additionally provides at Offutt, AFB an austere backup to Cheyenne Mountain ballistic missile warning. … Granite Sentry provides a Message Processing Subsystem and a Video Distribution Subsystem, and it upgrades the NORAD Computer System display capability and four major centers: (1) the Air Defense Operations Center, (2) the NORAD Command Center, (3) the Battle Staff Support Center, and (4) the Weather Support Unit. Granite Sentry also processes and displays nuclear detection data provided from the Integrated Correlation and Display System.}}</ref>

<ref name=DelPapa>{{Cite report |last1=Del Papa |first1=Dr. E. Michael |last2=Warner |first2=Mary P |date=October 1987 |title=A Historical Chronology of the Electronic Systems Division 1947–1986 |url=http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a201708.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224105532/http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a201708.pdf |url-status=live |archive-date=24 December 2013 |number=ESD-TR-88-276 (AD-A201 708) |access-date=19 July 2012 |quote=McNamara…reasoned that Soviet missiles could eliminate air defense systems in a first strike&nbsp;... the policy that {{sic|emerged}} embraced the most extreme option: massive retaliation, popularly referred to&nbsp;... as [[mutual assured destruction]] (MAD). ...&nbsp;1966…NORAD&nbsp;... Combat Operations Center&nbsp;... integrated several distinct systems into a single workable unit to provide the NORAD Commander with the necessary information and control to perform his mission. ...&nbsp;the Space Defense Center combining [[Project Space Track|the Air Force's Space Track]] and the [[Air Force Space Surveillance System|Navy's Spasur]].}}</ref>

<ref name=LeonardV2>{{Cite book |last=Leonard |first=Barry |title=History of Strategic and Ballistic Missile Defense: Volume II: 1956–1972 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HoxycYhoKZkC |date=2011|publisher=DIANE |isbn=9781437921311 |access-date=10 February 2023|quote=The missile and space surveillance and warning system currently [1972] consists of five systems and a space computational center located in the NORAD Cheyenne Mountain complex. The five systems are: the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System; the Defense Support Program (DSP) formerly called Project 647; the Forward Scatter over the Horizon Radar (440L AN/FRT-80 transmitter, AN/FSQ-76 receiver) system; the Sea-Launched Ballistic Missile Warning System; and the Space Detection and Tracking System. ...&nbsp;In July 1961, the National Space Surveillance and Control Center (NSSCC) was discontinued as the new SPADATS Center became operational at Ent Air Force Base, Colorado. Officially, this marked the beginning of aerospace operations by CINCNORAD.}}</ref>

<ref name=NORAD1959B>1959 Jul–Dec NORAD/CONAD Historical Summary</ref>

<ref name=Schaffel>{{Cite report |last=Schaffel |first=Kenneth |year=1991 |title=Emerging Shield: The Air Force and the Evolution of Continental Air Defense 1945–1960 |url=https://archive.org/details/TheEmergingShield |format=45MB [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] |work=General Histories |publisher=Office of Air Force History |isbn=0-912799-60-9 |access-date=26 September 2011 |url-access=registration }}</ref>

<ref name=Weeden>{{Cite report |last1=Weeden |first1=Brian C |last2=Cefola |first2=Paul J |title=Computer Systems and Algorithms for Space Situational Awareness: History and Future Development |url=http://swfound.org/media/15742/computer%20systems%20and%20algorithms%20for%20space%20situational%20awareness%20-%20history%20and%20future%20development.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://swfound.org/media/15742/computer%20systems%20and%20algorithms%20for%20space%20situational%20awareness%20-%20history%20and%20future%20development.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live |publisher=[[Secure World Foundation|SWFound.org]] |access-date=2 September 2012}}</ref>

<ref name=Winkler>{{Cite report |last1=Winkler |first1=David F |last2=Webster |first2=Julie L |date=June 1997 |title=Searching the Skies: The Legacy of the United States Cold War Defense Radar Program |url=http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA331231 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201202922/http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA331231 |url-status=dead |archive-date=1 December 2012 |publisher=U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories |access-date=26 March 2012 }}</ref>
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