Editing Military science (section)

===Veterans===
The study of veterans or members of the military who leave and return to the society is one of the most important subfields of the military and society field of study. Veterans and their issues represent a microcosm of the field. Military recruits represent inputs that flow from the community into the armed forces, veterans are outputs that leave the military and reenter society changed by their time as soldiers, sailors, marines and airmen. Both society and veteran face multiple layers of adaptation and adjustment upon their reentry.<ref>Griffith J., Connelly V., Catignani S., Johansson E. (2020) Reservists and Veterans: Viewed from Within and Without. In: Sookermany A. (eds) ''Handbook of Military Sciences''. Springer, Cham. {{doi|10.1007/978-3-030-02866-4_34-1}} {{URL| https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-02866-4_34-1}}</ref><ref>Kohen, A. I., & Shields, P. M. (1980). Reaping the spoils of defeat: Labor market experiences of Vietnam-era veterans. ''Strangers at home: Vietnam veterans since the War'', 181-211.</ref>

The definition of veteran is surprisingly fluid across countries. In the US, veteran's status is established after a service member has completed a minimum period of service. Australia requires deployment to a combat zone.<ref>Burdett, H., Woodhead, C., Iversen, A. C., Wessely, S., Dandeker, C., & Fear, N. T. (2013). "Are you a veteran?" understanding of the term "veteran" among UK ex-service personnel: A research note. ''Armed Forces & Society'', 39(4), 751–759.</ref> In the UK "Everyone who has performed military service for at least one day and drawn a day's pay is termed a veteran."<ref>Dandeker, C., Wessely, S., Iversen, A., & Ross, J. (2006). What's in a name? Defining and caring for "veterans": The United Kingdom in international perspective. ''Armed Forces & Society'', 32(2), p. 163.</ref> The study of veterans focuses much attention on their, sometimes, uneasy transition back to civilian society. "Veterans must navigate a complex cultural transition when moving between environments," and they can expect positive and negative transition outcomes.<ref>Cooper, L., Caddick, N., Godier, L., Cooper, A., & Fossey, M. (2018). Transition from the military into civilian life: An exploration of cultural competence. Armed Forces & Society, 44(1), p. 156</ref> Finding a good job and reestablishing a fulfilling family life is high on their resettlement agenda.<ref>Shields P.M. (2020) Dynamic Intersection of Military and Society. In: Sookermany A. (eds) ''Handbook of Military Sciences''. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02866-4_31-1 https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-030-02866-4_31-1</ref>

Military life is often violent and dangerous. The trauma of combat often results in post-traumatic stress disorder as well as painful physical health challenges<ref>Hinojosa, R., Hinojosa, M. S., & Nguyen, J. (2019). Military service and physical capital: Framing musculoskeletal disorders among American military veterans using [[Pierre Bourdieu]]'s theory of [[cultural capital]]. ''Armed Forces & Society'', 45(2), 268–290</ref> which often lead to [[homelessness]], [[suicide]], [[Substance use disorder|substance]], and [[Alcohol use disorder|excessive alcohol use]], and family dysfunction.<ref>Wolfe-Clark, A. L., & Bryan, C. J. (2017). Integrating two theoretical models to understand and prevent military and veteran suicide. Armed Forces & Society, 43(3), 478–499.</ref><ref>Griffith, J. (2010). Citizens coping as soldiers: A review of postdeployment stress symptoms among deployed reservists. ''Military Psychology'', 22, 176–206</ref> Society recognizes its responsibilities to veterans by offering programs and policies designed to redress these problems. Veterans also exert an influence on society often through the political process.<ref>Griffith, J. (2020). Community service and voting among veterans and nonveterans using a national sample of college undergraduates. ''Armed Forces and Society'', 46(2), 323–341.</ref><ref>Inbody, D. S. (2016). The soldier vote: War, politics, and the ballot in America. Cham, Switzerland: Springer.</ref> For example, how do veterans vote and establish party affiliation? During the 2004 presidential election veterans were basically bipartisan.<ref>Teigen, J. M. (2007). Veterans' party identification, candidate affect, and vote choice in the 2004 U.S. presidential election. ''Armed Forces & Society'', 33(3), 414–437.</ref> Veterans who fought in Croatia's war of independence voted for the nationalist parties in greater numbers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Lesschaeve |first=Christophe |date= 2020|title=Voting After Violence: How Combat Experiences and Postwar Trauma Affect Veteran and Voter Party Choices in Croatia's 2003 Postwar Elections |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0095327X18819244 |journal=Armed Forces & Society |language=en |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=259–280 |doi=10.1177/0095327X18819244 |issn=0095-327X}}</ref>