Editing Kiryas Joel, New York (section)

===Litigation===
The unusual lifestyle and growth pattern of Kiryas Joel has led to litigation on a number of fronts. In 1994, the [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] ruled in the case of ''[[Board of Education of Kiryas Joel Village School District v. Grumet]]'' that the [[Kiryas Joel School District]], which covered only the village, was designed in violation of the [[Establishment Clause]] of the [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution|First Amendment]], because the design accommodated one group on the basis of religious affiliation.<ref>512 U.S. 687 (1994).</ref> Subsequently, the New York State Legislature established a similar school district in the village that has passed legal muster.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/20/nyregion/controversy-over-enclave-joins-school-board-group.html |title=Controversy Over, Enclave Joins School Board Group |first=Tamar |last=Lewin |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=April 20, 2002 }}</ref> Further litigation has resulted over what entity should pay for the education of children with disabilities in Kiryas Joel, and over whether the community's boys must ride buses driven by women.<ref name="NYT-Santos"/>

In 2011, a case (''Kiryas Joel Alliance v. Village of Kiryas Joel'') against the village was heard in federal district court; the plaintiffs, who were followers of competing factions of Satmar to Rebbe Aron Teitelbaum's, argued that the control of the village government by the Aronite faction's supporters was being abused to discriminate against them.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Dissident Jews say enclave in NY oppresses them|first=Jim|last=Fitzgerald|publisher=Associated Press |date=June 13, 2011|url=http://www.timesunion.com/news/article/Dissident-Jews-say-enclave-in-NY-oppresses-them-1422405.php |access-date=September 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131128180701/http://www.timesunion.com/news/article/Dissident-Jews-say-enclave-in-NY-oppresses-them-1422405.php |archive-date=November 28, 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> The case was dismissed, and in 2012 the Second Circuit rejected their appeal of the dismissal.<ref>{{Cite web |title=International Center for Law and Religion Studies {{!}} 2nd Circuit affirms dismissal of dissident Hasidic group's discrimination claims against Kiryas Joel |url=https://www.iclrs.org/blurb/2nd-circuit-affirms-dismissal-of-dissident-hasidic-groups-discrimination-claims-against-kiryas-joel/ |access-date=2024-06-12 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite court |litigants=Kiryas Joel Alliance v. Village of Kiryas Joel |vol=495  |reporter=Fed.Appx. |opinion=183 |court=2nd Cir. |date=2012 |url=https://content.next.westlaw.com/Document/I7741baa6fb2a11e1b60bb297d3d07bc5/View/FullText.html?transitionType=Default&contextData=(sc.Default) }}</ref>