Editing Kimchi (section)

==== 2020 kimchi ISO standard dispute with China ====
In November 2020, the [[International Organization for Standardization]] (ISO) posted ISO 24220:2020, new regulations for the making of ''[[pao cai]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/standard/78112.html|title=ISO 24220:2020|website=International Organization for Standardization|date=2020|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=25 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125105721/https://www.iso.org/standard/78112.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The same month, [[BBC News]] reported that Chinese news organization ''[[Global Times]]'' claimed the new ISO standard was "an international standard for the kimchi industry led by China" despite the standard clearly stating "this document does not apply to kimchi".<ref name="BBC2020-11-30">{{cite news|date=30 November 2020|title=Kimchi ferments cultural feud between South Korea and China|language=en|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-55129805|access-date=20 January 2021|archive-date=18 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118171120/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-55129805|url-status=live}}</ref> This sparked strong anger from South Korean media and people,<ref>{{multiref2
|{{cite news|date=30 November 2020|title=South Korea refutes China's claim on industrial standard for kimchi|language=en|website=[[The Korea Times]]|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2020/11/135_300132.html|access-date=23 January 2021|agency=Yonhap|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129103559/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2020/11/135_300132.html|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=2 December 2020|title=Kimchi controversy: China's cultural provocation|language=en|website=[[The Korea Times]]|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2020/12/135_300227.html|access-date=23 January 2021|author1=Park Ji-won|archive-date=30 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210130003941/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2020/12/135_300227.html|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=20 January 2021|title=Kimchi wars: South Korean academic takes spat with China to new level with tart ad in New York Times|language=en|website=[[South China Morning Post]]|url=https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/lifestyle-culture/article/3118544/kimchi-wars-south-korean-academic-takes-spat-china-new|access-date=20 January 2021|author1=Park Chan-kyong|archive-date=15 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210215070113/https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/lifestyle-culture/article/3118544/kimchi-wars-south-korean-academic-takes-spat-china-new|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=20 January 2021|title=Academic activist puts kimchi ad in NYT|language=en|website=[[The Korea Times]]|url=https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2021/01/141_302729.html|access-date=21 January 2021|author1=Park Han-sol|archive-date=20 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120030429/http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/culture/2021/01/141_302729.html|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=20 January 2021|title=Koreans defend kimchi, ssam against China|language=en|website=[[The Korea Herald]]|url=https://technology.inquirer.net/107347/koreans-defend-kimchi-ssam-against-china|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=2 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210202031901/https://technology.inquirer.net/107347/koreans-defend-kimchi-ssam-against-china|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=1 December 2020|title=Is China Laying Claim to Kimchi, Too? Some South Koreans Think So|language=en|website=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/01/world/asia/south-korea-china-kimchi-paocai.html|access-date=21 January 2021|url-access=subscription|author1=Youmi Kim|author2=Mike Ives|archive-date=17 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210217124848/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/01/world/asia/south-korea-china-kimchi-paocai.html|url-status=live}}
|{{cite news|date=3 December 2020|title=Kimchi: Koreans angry over attempted Chinese takeover|language=en|website=[[Deutsche Welle]]|url=https://www.dw.com/en/south-korea-china-row-over-kimchi/a-55808530|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203114505/https://www.dw.com/en/south-korea-china-row-over-kimchi/a-55808530|archive-date=3 December 2020|url-status=deviated|author=Julian Ryall}}
}}</ref> as well as the responses from some Chinese people who argued China held the right to claim kimchi as their own.<ref>{{cite news|date=1 December 2020|title='Stealing our culture': South Koreans upset after China claims kimchi as its own|language=en|website=[[The Guardian]]|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/01/stealing-our-culture-south-koreans-upset-after-china-claims-kimchi-as-its-own|access-date=20 January 2021|author1=Justin McCurry|archive-date=17 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117090425/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/dec/01/stealing-our-culture-south-koreans-upset-after-china-claims-kimchi-as-its-own|url-status=live}}</ref> 

However clarifications from both countries, later revealed that the controversy was triggered over a misunderstanding of a translation of the Chinese word ''pao cai''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2020 |title=Translation Matters! Cultural War Between China and South Korea Over 'Kimichi' and 'Pao Cai' Turns Out to Be Misunderstanding |url=https://www.latestly.com/lifestyle/food/translation-matters-cultural-war-between-china-and-south-korea-over-kimichi-and-pao-cai-turns-out-to-be-misunderstanding-2188096.html |access-date=8 July 2023 |website=LatestLY |language=en |archive-date=8 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708070325/https://www.latestly.com/lifestyle/food/translation-matters-cultural-war-between-china-and-south-korea-over-kimichi-and-pao-cai-turns-out-to-be-misunderstanding-2188096.html |url-status=live }}</ref> After the controversy emerged, ''Global Times'' explained it was simply a "misunderstanding in translation", where they had meant to refer to Chinese ''pao cai'', and their Chinese language article had used the term ''pao cai'', but their English language version had "erroneously" translated it as "kimchi", and that the dispute arose from being innocently "lost in translation".<ref name=":7" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=30 May 2022 |title=How China could have avoided the 'kimchi war' with South Korea |url=https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3179460/how-kimchi-war-between-china-and-south-korea |access-date=8 July 2023 |website=South China Morning Post |language=en |author1=Wee Kei Koon  |archive-date=8 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708102304/https://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/short-reads/article/3179460/how-kimchi-war-between-china-and-south-korea |url-status=live }}</ref> They acknowledged that kimchi and ''pao cai'' are two different foods, where "Kimchi refers to a kind of fermented cabbage dish that plays an integral role in Korean cuisine, while ''pàocài'', or Sichuan ''pàocài'', refers to pickled vegetables that are popular originally in Southwest China's Sichuan Province, but now in most parts of northern China."<ref name=":7">{{cite news|date=10 December 2020|title=Kimchi and paocai are two different foods,' Chinese state media says|language=en|website=[[The Dong-a Ilbo]]|url=https://www.donga.com/en/article/all/20201210/2269204/1/Kimchi-and-paocai-are-two-different-foods-Chinese-state-media-says|access-date=8 October 2021|author1=Seol Lee|archive-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008210030/https://www.donga.com/en/article/all/20201210/2269204/1/Kimchi-and-paocai-are-two-different-foods-Chinese-state-media-says|url-status=live}}</ref> ''Global Times'' also reported that [[Baidu Baike]], a Chinese online encyclopedia, removed the controversial phrase "Korean kimchi originated from China" after the request.<ref name=":7" /> 

According to Sojin Lim, co-director of the Institute of Korean Studies of the [[University of Central Lancashire]], Korean kimchi is often called ''pao cai'' in China, but China has its own [[Sichuan cuisine|Sichuanese]] fermented vegetable dish that it also calls ''pao cai''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=How kimchi rekindled a decades-long feud |url=https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20201217-how-kimchi-rekindled-a-decades-long-feud |access-date=8 July 2023 |website=BBC Travel |date=17 December 2020 |archive-date=8 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708133403/https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20201217-how-kimchi-rekindled-a-decades-long-feud |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2021, the South Korean [[Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism (South Korea)|Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism]] subsequently presented the guidelines to set the term ''xīnqí'' {{nowrap|({{lang|zh|辛奇}})}} as the new proper Chinese translation of kimchi, while ''pàocài'' was no longer the acceptable translation.<ref>{{cite news|date=23 July 2021|title=Culture Ministry amends translation guidelines for kimchi|language=en|website=[[The Korea Herald]]|url=http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210723000677|access-date=8 October 2021|archive-date=7 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007184222/http://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20210723000677|url-status=live}}</ref> However, [[CNN]] reported that the new Chinese translation of kimchi was unpopular with both Chinese and Korean netizens, and that some Chinese people complained that they do recognize the difference between dishes, but don't like to be told how to translate Kimchi in Chinese. There were also complaints among Koreans that Korea is appropriating their own traditional culture for the Chinese, by trying to promote a Chinese term for Kimchi which doesn't have an authentic Korean sound.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wong |first=Maggie Hiufu |date=20 August 2021 |title=Kimchi's new Chinese name has become the epicenter of a cultural war ... again |url=https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/xinqi-kimchi-new-chinese-name-cmd/index.html |access-date=8 July 2023 |website=CNN |language=en  |archive-date=8 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230708085623/https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/xinqi-kimchi-new-chinese-name-cmd/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref>