Editing Japanese tea ceremony (section)

===Flower arrangement===
{{transliteration|ja|[[Chabana]]}} (literally "tea flower") is the simple style of flower arrangement used in tea rooms. {{transliteration|ja|Chabana}} has its roots in {{transliteration|ja|[[ikebana]]}}, an older style of Japanese flower arranging, which itself has roots in [[Shinto]] and [[Buddhism]].

It evolved from the "free-form" style of {{transliteration|ja|ikebana}} called {{nihongo3|"throw-in flowers"|投げ入れ|nageirebana}}, which was used by early tea masters. {{transliteration|ja|Chabana}} is said, depending upon the source, to have been either developed or championed by Sen no Rikyū. He is said to have taught that {{transliteration|ja|chabana}} should give the viewer the same impression that those flowers naturally would give if they were still growing outdoors, in nature.

Unnatural or out-of-season materials are never used, as well as props and other devices. The containers in which {{transliteration|ja|chabana}} are arranged are referred to generically as {{nihongo||花入れ|hanaire}}. {{transliteration|ja|Chabana}} arrangements typically comprise few items, and little or no filler material. In the summer, when many flowering grasses are in season in Japan, however, it is seasonally appropriate to arrange a number of such flowering grasses in an airy basket-type container. Unlike {{transliteration|ja|ikebana}} (which often uses shallow, wide dishes), tall, narrow {{transliteration|ja|hanaire}} are frequently used in {{transliteration|ja|chabana}}. The containers for the flowers used in tea rooms are typically made from natural materials such as bamboo, as well as metal or ceramic, but rarely glass as {{transliteration|ja|ikebana}} (another flower arrangement) uses short, glass vases.

{{transliteration|ja|Chabana}} arrangements are so simple that frequently no more than a single [[blossom]] is used; this blossom will invariably lean towards or face the guests.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uk.emb-japan.go.jp/en/event/big_chabana.html |title=Chabana Exhibition (27 May) |publisher=Embassy of Japan in the UK |year=2006 |access-date=2012-07-13}}</ref>