Editing Jansenism (section)

=== Dissolution of Port-Royal and promulgation of ''Unigenitus'': 1708–1713 ===
Louis XIV also sought the dissolution of [[Port-Royal-des-Champs]], the stronghold of Jansenist thought, and this was achieved in 1708 when the pope issued a bull enacting this. The remaining nuns were forcibly removed in 1709 and dispersed among various other French convents and the buildings were razed in 1709. The convent of Port-Royal de Paris remained in existence until it was closed in the general [[dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution]].[[File:Port-RoyalRemoval.jpg|thumb|[[Nuns]] being forcibly removed from the [[convent]] of [[Port-Royal-des-Champs]] in 1709]]All these condemnations allowed Louis XIV to make arguments to definitively reduce the movement to a 'republican sect', that is to say, a sect opposed to the royal absolutist regime. Taking advantage of the [[War of the Spanish Succession]], he had Quesnel imprisoned by [[Humbertus Guilielmus de Precipiano]], [[archbishop of Mechelen]] in the [[Spanish Netherlands]] in 1703, and had all his papers seized, although he escaped and fled to [[Amsterdam]], where he lived for the remainder of his life. This was followed by the arrest of the entire network of correspondents woven by Quesnel over fifteen years throughout France. The centres of the secret publication of Jansenist writings were discovered, forcing Jansenists to flee abroad, most often to the [[Spanish Netherlands]] or the [[Dutch Republic]], passing through monasteries such as the abbey of [[Hautefontaine]], on the border between [[Champagne (province)|Champagne]] and independent [[Lorraine]].<ref name="Chantin-1996" />{{Rp|page=|pages=30–31}}

Louis XIV asked the pope for a final condemnation, specifically for the ''Réflexions morales'' of Quesnel. Clement XI sent a [[papal brief]] in 1708, but it was not received by the [[Parlement of Paris|''parlement'' of Paris]]. The Jesuit priest [[Michel Le Tellier]], the king's confessor, tried to convince the bishops to ask for a formal condemnation of the work, but unsuccessfully. The king therefore asked the pope for a [[papal bull]] condemning the book. In response, Clement XI promulgated the bull [[Unigenitus|''Unigenitus Dei Filius'']] on 8 September 1713. It was written with the contribution of Gregorio Selleri, a lector at the College of Saint Thomas, the future [[Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas]], ''Angelicum'',<ref>{{cite web |editor-last=Miranda |editor-first=Salvador |title=Selleri, O.P., Gregorio |url=http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1726-ii.htm#Selleri |url-status=live |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20050502071709/http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1726-ii.htm#Selleri |archive-date=2005-05-02 |access-date=2012-02-05 |website=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church |publisher=Florida International University Libraries}}</ref> and later [[Theologian of the Pontifical Household|Master of the Sacred Palace]], fostered the condemnation of Jansenism by condemning one hundred and one propositions from the {{lang|fr|Réflexions morales}} of Quesnel as [[heretical]], and as identical with propositions already condemned in the writings of Jansen. These propositions as well as the work itself are seen as a summary of Jansenist doctrine.<ref name="Gazier-1923" />{{Rp|page=|pages=237–238}}