Editing Holocene (section)

=== New Zealand ===
Ice core measurements imply that the [[sea surface temperature]] (SST) gradient east of New Zealand, across the subtropical front (STF), was around 2 degrees Celsius during the HCO. This temperature gradient is significantly less than modern times, which is around 6 degrees Celsius. A study utilizing five SST proxies from 37°S to 60°S latitude confirmed that the strong temperature gradient was confined to the area immediately south of the STF, and is correlated with reduced westerly winds near New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Prebble |first1=J. G. |last2=Bostock |first2=H. C. |last3=Cortese |first3=G. |last4=Lorrey |first4=A. M. |last5=Hayward |first5=B. W. |last6=Calvo |first6=E. |last7=Northcote |first7=L. C. |last8=Scott |first8=G. H. |last9=Neil |first9=H. L. |date=August 2017 |title=Evidence for a Holocene Climatic Optimum in the southwest Pacific: A multiproxy study: Holocene Optimum in SW Pacific |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/2016PA003065 |journal=Paleoceanography |language=en |volume=32 |issue=8 |pages=763–779 |doi=10.1002/2016PA003065 |hdl-access=free |hdl=10261/155815}}</ref> Since 7,100 BP, New Zealand experienced 53 cyclones similar in magnitude to [[Cyclone Bola]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Orpin |first1=A. R. |last2=Carter |first2=L. |last3=Page |first3=M. J. |last4=Cochran |first4=U. A. |last5=Trustrum |first5=N. A. |last6=Gomez |first6=B. |last7=Palmer |first7=A. S. |last8=Mildenhall |first8=D. C. |last9=Rogers |first9=K. M. |last10=Brackley |first10=H. L. |last11=Northcote |first11=L. |date=15 April 2010 |title=Holocene sedimentary record from Lake Tutira: A template for upland watershed erosion proximal to the Waipaoa Sedimentary System, northeastern New Zealand |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002532270900293X |journal=[[Marine Geology (journal)|Marine Geology]] |series=From mountain source to ocean sink – the passage of sediment across an active margin, Waipaoa Sedimentary System, New Zealand |volume=270 |issue=1 |pages=11–29 |doi=10.1016/j.margeo.2009.10.022 |bibcode=2010MGeol.270...11O |issn=0025-3227 |access-date=11 September 2023}}</ref>