Editing Hawaiian language (section)

===Origin===
This writing system was developed by American Protestant missionaries during 1820–1826.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Schütz|1994|pp=98–133}}</ref> It was the first thing they ever printed in Hawaii, on January 7, 1822, and it originally included the consonants ''B, D, R, T,'' and ''V,'' in addition to the current ones (''H, K, L, M, N, P, W''), and it had ''F, G, S, Y'' and ''Z'' for "spelling foreign words". The initial printing also showed the five vowel letters (''A, E, I, O, U'') and seven of the short diphthongs (''AE, AI, AO, AU, EI, EU, OU'').<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Schütz|1994|pp=110}} Plate 7.1</ref>

In 1826, the developers voted to eliminate some of the letters which represented functionally redundant [[allophone]]s (called "interchangeable letters"), enabling the Hawaiian alphabet to approach the ideal state of one-symbol-one-[[phoneme]], and thereby optimizing the ease with which people could teach and learn the reading and writing of Hawaiian.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Schütz|1994|pp=122–126; 173–174}}</ref> For example, instead of spelling one and the same word as ''pule, bule, pure,'' and ''bure'' (because of interchangeable ''p/b'' and ''l/r''), the word is spelled only as ''pule''.
* Interchangeable B/P. ''B'' was dropped, ''P'' was kept.
* Interchangeable L/R. ''R'' and ''D'' were dropped, ''L'' was kept.
* Interchangeable K/T. ''T'' was dropped, ''K'' was kept.
* Interchangeable V/W. ''V'' was dropped, ''W'' was kept.

However, hundreds of words were very rapidly borrowed into Hawaiian from English, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, and Syriac.<ref name="Lyovin 1997 259">{{Harvcoltxt|Lyovin|1997|pp=259}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Schütz|1994|pp=223}}</ref><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Elbert|Pukui|1979|pp=27, 31–32}}</ref> Although these loan words were necessarily [[Hawaiianize]]d, they often retained some of their "non-Hawaiian letters" in their published forms. For example, ''Brazil'' fully [[Hawaiianize]]d is ''Palakila'', but retaining "foreign letters" it is ''Barazila''.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Pukui|Elbert|1986|pp=406}}</ref> Another example is ''Gibraltar'', written as ''Kipalaleka'' or ''Gibaraleta''.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Pukui|Elbert|1986|pp=450}}</ref> While {{IPA|[z]}} and {{IPA|[ɡ]}} are not regarded as Hawaiian sounds, {{IPA|[b]}}, {{IPA|[ɹ]}}, and {{IPA|[t]}} were represented in the original alphabet, so the letters (''b'', ''r'', and ''t'') for the latter are not truly "non-Hawaiian" or "foreign", even though their post-1826 use in published matter generally marked words of foreign origin.