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=== Characters and heroes === {{Main|Maccabees}} [[File:Peter Paul Rubens and workshop 002.jpg|thumb|upright|''The Triumph of [[Judas Maccabeus]]'', [[Rubens]], 1634β1636]] * [[Mattathias|Matityahu the Priest]], also referred to as Mattathias and Mattathias ben Johanan. Matityahu was a Jewish priest who, together with his five sons, played a central role in the story of Hanukkah.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.khouse.org/articles/2012/1091/print/ |title=Happy Hanukkah |last=Missler |first=Dr. Chuck |quote=Mattathias and his five sons became the nucleus of a growing band of rebels against Antiochus.|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref> * [[Judas Maccabeus|Judah the Maccabee]], also referred to as Judas Maccabeus and Y'hudhah HaMakabi. Judah was the eldest son of Matityahu and is acclaimed as one of the greatest warriors in Jewish history alongside [[Joshua]], [[Gideon]], and [[David]].<ref>{{cite book |title=God's Intertestamental Silence: Then Came Jesus Christ |author=Saundra L. Washington |page=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RKXsEwSPefcC&pg=PT14|isbn=978-1-4523-9735-1|year=2010|publisher=Saundra L Washington }}</ref> * [[Eleazar Avaran|Eleazar the Maccabee]], also referred to as Eleazar Avaran, Eleazar Maccabeus and Eleazar Hachorani/Choran. * [[Simon Thassi|Simon the Maccabee]], also referred to as Simon Maccabeus and Simon Thassi. * [[John Gaddi|Johanan the Maccabee]], also referred to as Johanan Maccabeus and John Gaddi. * [[Jonathan Apphus|Jonathan the Maccabee]], also referred to as Jonathan Apphus. * [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]]. Seleucid king controlling the region during this period. * [[Book of Judith|Judith]]. Acclaimed for her heroism in the assassination of [[Holofernes]].<ref name="women">{{cite web |url=https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/women-as-role-models/ |title=On Hanukkah, Women As Role Models |quote=Also in the Apocrypha is the Book of Judith, which tells how this heroine stopped the siege of Jerusalem by decapitating Holofernes, a major military leader for the enemy.|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://jwa.org/discover/throughtheyear/december/judith |title=December: Judith and the Hanukkah Story |quote=For several centuries there was another hero associated with Hanukkah: Judith.|access-date=6 October 2018}}</ref> * [[Woman with seven sons|Hannah and her seven sons]]. Arrested, tortured and killed one by one, by [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]] for refusing to bow to an idol.<ref>{{cite book |title=Christmas and Hanukkah |last=Dice |first=Elizabeth A. |isbn=978-1-4381-1971-7 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |year=2009 |page=24}}</ref>
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