Editing Gustav Mahler (section)

====Philharmonic concerts====
[[File:Gustav Mahler silhouette Otto Böhler.jpg|thumb|Silhouette by [[Otto Böhler]]]]
When Richter resigned as head of the Vienna Philharmonic subscription concerts in September 1898,{{refn|The subscription concerts were an annual programme of orchestral concerts, performed by the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra which comprised the elite instrumentalists from the Hofoper. Mahler was therefore well known to the players before he began his duties as the concerts conductor.<ref>Blaukopf, pp. 150–151</ref>|group=n}} the concerts committee had unanimously chosen Mahler as his successor.<ref>La Grange, Vol 2, p. 116</ref> The appointment was not universally welcomed; the anti-Semitic press wondered if, as a non-German, Mahler would be capable of defending German music.<ref name=DLG117>La Grange, Vol. 2, p. 117</ref> Attendances rose sharply in Mahler's first season, but members of the orchestra were particularly resentful of his habit of re-scoring acknowledged masterpieces, and of his scheduling of extra rehearsals for works with which they were thoroughly familiar.<ref name=Franklin7 /> An attempt by the orchestra to have Richter reinstated for the 1899 season failed, because Richter was not interested. Mahler's position was weakened when, in 1900, he took the orchestra to Paris to play at the [[Exposition Universelle (1900)|Exposition Universelle]]. The Paris concerts were poorly attended and lost money—Mahler had to borrow the orchestra's fare home from the [[Rothschild banking family of France|Rothschilds]].<ref name=Carr87>Carr, pp. 87–94</ref><ref>La Grange, Vol. 2, pp. 263–264</ref> In April 1901, dogged by a recurrence of ill-health and wearied by more complaints from the orchestra, Mahler relinquished the Philharmonic concerts conductorship.<ref name=Sadie510 /> In his three seasons he had performed around 80 different works, which included pieces by relatively unknown composers such as [[Hermann Goetz]], [[Wilhelm Kienzl]] and the Italian [[Lorenzo Perosi]].<ref name=Carr87 />