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===NSAIDs=== NSAIDs are the usual first-line treatment for gout.<!-- <ref name=Review08/> --> No specific agent is significantly more or less effective than any other.<ref name=Review08/> Improvement may be seen within four hours and treatment is recommended for one to two weeks.<ref name=Lancet2010/><ref name=Review08/> They are not recommended for those with certain other health problems, such as [[gastrointestinal bleeding]], [[kidney failure]], or [[heart failure]].<ref name=JFP09/> While [[indometacin]] has historically been the most commonly used NSAID, an alternative, such as [[ibuprofen]], may be preferred due to its better side effect profile in the absence of superior effectiveness.<ref name=CFP09>{{cite journal |vauthors=Laubscher T, Dumont Z, Regier L, Jensen B |title=Taking the stress out of managing gout |journal=Can Fam Physician |volume=55 |issue=12 |pages=1209–1212 |date=December 2009 |pmid=20008601 |pmc=2793228}}</ref> For those at risk of gastric side effects from NSAIDs, an additional [[proton pump inhibitor]] may be given.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Cronstein|first1=BN|last2=Terkeltaub|first2=R|title=The inflammatory process of gout and its treatment|journal=Arthritis Research & Therapy|date=2006|volume=8|issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S3|pmid=16820042|doi=10.1186/ar1908|pmc=3226108 |doi-access=free }}</ref> There is some evidence that [[COX-2 inhibitor]]s may work as well as nonselective NSAIDs for acute gout attack with fewer side effects.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=van Durme|first1=CM|last2=Wechalekar|first2=MD|last3=Landewé|first3=RB|title=Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of acute gout|journal=JAMA|date=9 June 2015|volume=313|issue=22|pages=2276–2277|pmid=26057289|doi=10.1001/jama.2015.1881}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last1=van Durme |first1=Caroline Mpg |last2=Wechalekar |first2=Mihir D. |last3=Landewé |first3=Robert Bm |last4=Pardo Pardo |first4=Jordi |last5=Cyril |first5=Sheila |last6=van der Heijde |first6=Désirée |last7=Buchbinder |first7=Rachelle |date=9 December 2021 |title=Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for acute gout |journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews |volume=2021 |issue=12 |pages=CD010120 |doi=10.1002/14651858.CD010120.pub3 |issn=1469-493X |pmc=8656463 |pmid=34882311}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Roddy |first1=Edward |last2=Bajpai |first2=Ram |last3=Forrester |first3=Harry |last4=Partington |first4=Richard James |last5=Mallen |first5=Christian D. |last6=Clarson |first6=Lorna Elise |last7=Padmanabhan |first7=Nishita |last8=Whittle |first8=Rebecca |last9=Muller |first9=Sara |date=1 December 2023 |title=Safety of colchicine and NSAID prophylaxis when initiating urate-lowering therapy for gout: propensity score-matched cohort studies in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink |url=https://ard.bmj.com/content/82/12/1618 |journal=Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases |language=en |volume=82 |issue=12 |pages=1618–1625 |doi=10.1136/ard-2023-224154 |issn=0003-4967 |pmc=10646835 |pmid=37788904 |access-date=16 February 2024 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216155634/https://ard.bmj.com/content/82/12/1618 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |date=6 February 2024 |title=How common are side-effects of treatment to prevent gout flares when starting allopurinol? |url=https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/how-common-are-side-effects-of-treatment-to-prevent-gout-flares-when-starting-allopurinol/ |journal=NIHR Evidence |doi=10.3310/nihrevidence_62005 |s2cid=267539627 |access-date=16 February 2024 |archive-date=16 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216155634/https://evidence.nihr.ac.uk/alert/how-common-are-side-effects-of-treatment-to-prevent-gout-flares-when-starting-allopurinol/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
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