Editing Geneva (section)

==Demographics==
[[File:Horloge Fleurie au Quai du Général-Guisan (Jardin Anglais) Genève.JPG|thumb|[[L'horloge fleurie|The Flowered Clock]] at the Quai du Général-Guisan ([[Jardin Anglais|English Garden]]), during the 2012 [[Fêtes de Genève|Geneva Festival]]]]
[[File:Rue Pierre-Fatio, Genève.jpg|thumb|Rue Pierre-Fatio in Geneva]]

{{Historical populations|1850|37724|1860|54009|1870|60004|1880|70355|1888|75709|1900|97359|1910|115243|1920|126626|1930|124121|1941|124431|1950|145473|1960|176183|1970|173618|1980|156505|1990|171042|2000|177964|2010|187470|2020|203856|source=<ref>{{cite web |title=Bevölkerungsentwicklung nach institutionellen Gliederungen, 1850-2000 |trans-title=Population development according to institutional divisions, 1850-2000|url=https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/pxweb/en/px-x-4004000000_101/-/px-x-4004000000_101.px/table/tableViewLayout2/?rxid=513a4f6a-09be-49d1-99c7-23421ad2dd49|publisher=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Permanent resident population by Year, Canton / District / Commune|url=https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/pxweb/en/px-x-0102010000_101/-/px-x-0102010000_101.px/table/tableViewLayout2/?rxid=18b2f0c5-2cf6-4847-9f6f-3f23d3e7129d|publisher=[[Federal Statistical Office (Switzerland)|Federal Statistical Office]]}}</ref>}}The city of Geneva ({{lang|fr|ville de Genève}}) had a population 203,856 in 2021 (Jan. estimate)<ref name=population /> within its small municipal territory of {{convert|16|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}}.<ref name=land_area /> The city of Geneva is at the centre of the Geneva [[metropolitan area]], a [[Functional Urban Area]] (as per [[Eurostat]] methodology) which extends over Swiss territory (entire [[Canton of Geneva]] and part of the canton of [[Vaud]]) and French territory (parts of the [[Departments of France|departments]] of [[Ain]] and [[Haute-Savoie]]).<ref name=FUA /> The Geneva Functional Urban Area covers a land area of {{convert|2292|km2|sqmi|0|abbr=on}} (24.2% in Switzerland, 75.8% in France)<ref name=FUA_land_area /> and had 1,053,436 inhabitants in Jan. 2021 (Swiss estimates and French census), 57.8% of them on Swiss territory and 42.2% on French territory.<ref name=FUA_pop />

The Geneva metropolitan area is one of the fastest growing in Europe. Its population rose from 906,603 in Jan. 2010<ref>As of 2020, the Eurostat-defined [[Functional Urban Area]] of Geneva was made up of 93 Swiss communes and 158 French communes: [https://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch/core/projects/13/xshared/xlsx/24193_132.xlsx Federal Statistical Office spreadsheet listing the Swiss and French communes of the Geneva Functional Urban Area].<br />Population of the 93 Swiss communes in January 2010: 541,380 (source: [https://www.bfs.admin.ch/asset/de/su-f-01.02.04.07]).<br />Population of the 158 French communes in January 2010: 365,223 (source: [https://statistiques-locales.insee.fr/#bbox=530347,5934447,355931,215247&c=indicator&i=pop_depuis_1876.pop&s=2010&selcodgeo=GEN&t=A01&view=map13]).</ref> to 1,053,436 in Jan. 2021, which means the metropolitan area registered a population growth rate of +1.39% per year during those 11 years. Growth is higher in the French part of the metropolitan area (+1.80% per year between 2010 and 2021) than in the Swiss part (+1.10% per year between 2010 and 2021), as Geneva attracts many French commuters due to high Swiss salaries and a favourable Franco-Swiss tax regime for French residents working in Switzerland.

===Language===
The official language of Geneva (both the city and the canton) is [[French language|French]]. [[English language|English]] is also common due to a high number of Anglophone residents working in international institutions and the bank sector. In 2000 there were 128,622 residents, or 72.3% of the population, who spoke French as a first language. English was the second most common (7,853 or 4.4%), followed by [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (7,462 or 4.2%), [[Italian language|Italian]] (7,320 or 4.1%), and [[German language|German]] (7,050 or 4.0%); 113 spoke [[Romansh language|Romansh]], an official language in Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000/>

===Population by birthplace===
In the city of Geneva, {{as of|2013|lc=on}}, 48% of the population are resident foreign nationals.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ge.ch/statistique/tel/domaines/01/01_02_1/T_01_02_1_3_2_02.xls |title=Population résidante selon l'origine et le sexe, par secteur statistique |publisher=Statistiques cantonales, REPUBLIQUE ET CANTON DE GENEVE |date=30 January 2014 |location=Geneva |language=fr |format=XLS |type=statistics |access-date=29 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140729203949/http://www.ge.ch/statistique/tel/domaines/01/01_02_1/T_01_02_1_3_2_02.xls |archive-date=29 July 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> For a list of the largest groups of foreign residents [[Canton of Geneva#Demographics|see the cantonal overview]]. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009), the population has changed at a rate of 7.2%; a rate of 3.4% due to migration and at a rate of 3.4% due to births and deaths.<ref name="SFSO">[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160105172441/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/en/index/regionen/02/key.html |date=5 January 2016 }} accessed 25 April 2011/</ref>

===Gender===
{{as of|2008}}, the gender distribution of the population was 47.8% male and 52.2% female. The population was made up of 46,284 Swiss men (24.2% of the population) and 45,127 (23.6%) non-Swiss men. There were 56,091 Swiss women (29.3%) and 43,735 (22.9%) non-Swiss women.<ref name="GE_Pop">[http://www.ge.ch/statistique/domaines/01/01_02_1/tableaux.asp#1 Canton of Geneva Statistical Office] {{Webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402123530/http://www.ge.ch/statistique/domaines/01/01_02_1/tableaux.asp#1 |date=2 April 2016 }} ''Population résidante du canton de Genève, selon l'origine et le sexe, par commune, en mars 2011''{{in lang|fr}} accessed 18 April 2011.</ref> {{as of|2000}} approximately 24.3% of the population of the municipality were born in Geneva and lived there in 2000{{snd}}43,296. A further 11,757 or 6.6% who were born in the same canton, while 27,359 or 15.4% were born elsewhere in Switzerland, and 77,893 or 43.8% were born outside of Switzerland.<ref name=STAT2000/>

===Birth rate===
In {{as of|2008|alt=2008}}, there were 1,147 live births to Swiss citizens and 893 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in the same time span there were 1,114 deaths of Swiss citizens and 274 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 33, while the foreign population increased by 619. There were 465 Swiss men and 498 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 2933 non-Swiss men and 2662 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 135 and the non-Swiss population increased by 3181 people. This represents a [[Population growth#Population growth rate|population growth rate]] of 1.8%.<ref name="HDS_superweb">[http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html Swiss Federal Statistical Office – Superweb database – Gemeinde Statistics 1981–2008] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628151016/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/infothek/onlinedb/superweb/login.html |date=28 June 2010 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 19 June 2010.</ref>

===Age, status and households===
{{as of|2000}}, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) made up 18.2% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) made up 65.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 16%.<ref name=SFSO/>

{{as of|2000}}, there were 78,666 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 74,205 married individuals, 10,006 widows or widowers and 15,087 individuals who are divorced.<ref name="STAT2000">{{Cite web |title=STAT-TAB – interaktive Tabellen (BFS) |url=https://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/default.aspx?px_language=de |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch}}</ref>

{{as of|2000}}, there were 86,231 private households in the municipality, and an average of 1.9 persons per household.<ref name=SFSO/> There were 44,373 households that consist of only one person and 2,549 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 89,269 households that answered this question, 49.7% were households made up of just one person and there were 471 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 17,429 married couples without children, 16,607 married couples with children. There were 5,499 single parents with a child or children. There were 1,852 households that were made up of unrelated people and 3,038 households that were made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.<ref name=STAT2000/>

[[File:Geneva - Quartier des Grottes.jpg|thumb|Apartment buildings in the Quartier des Grottes]]
[[File:Geneva-aerial-view.JPG|thumb|Geneva, with Lake Geneva in the background]]
{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 743 single family homes (or 10.6% of the total) out of a total of 6,990 inhabited buildings. There were 2,758 multi-family buildings (39.5%), along with 2,886 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (41.3%) and 603 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (8.6%). Of the single family homes, 197 were built before 1919, while 20 were built between 1990 and 2000. The greatest number of single family homes (277) were built between 1919 and 1945.<ref name="Housing">[http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true Swiss Federal Statistical Office STAT-TAB – Datenwürfel für Thema 09.2 – Gebäude und Wohnungen] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140907111534/http://www.pxweb.bfs.admin.ch/Database/German_09%20-%20Bau-%20und%20Wohnungswesen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen/09.2%20-%20Geb%C3%A4ude%20und%20Wohnungen.asp?lang=1&prod=09&secprod=2&openChild=true |date=7 September 2014 }} {{in lang|de}} accessed 28 January 2011.</ref>

{{as of|2000|alt=In 2000}}, there were 101,794 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was 3 rooms of which there were 27,084. There were 21,889 single room apartments and 11,166 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 85,330 apartments (83.8% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 13,644 apartments (13.4%) were seasonally occupied and 2,820 apartments (2.8%) were empty.<ref name=Housing/> {{as of|2009}}, the construction rate of new housing units was 1.3 new units per 1000 residents.<ref name=SFSO/>

{{as of|2003}}, the average price to rent an average apartment in Geneva was 1163.30 [[Swiss franc]]s (CHF) per month (US$930, £520, €740 approx. exchange rate from 2003). The average rate for a one-room apartment was 641.60 CHF (US$510, £290, €410), a two-room apartment was about 874.46 CHF (US$700, £390, €560), a three-room apartment was about 1126.37 CHF (US$900, £510, €720) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 2691.07 CHF (US$2150, £1210, €1720). The average apartment price in Geneva was 104.2% of the national average of 1116 CHF.<ref name="BFS_rent">{{Cite web |title=Swiss Federal Statistical Office-Rental prices |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/05/06/blank/key/einfuehrung.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100423161803/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/05/06/blank/key/einfuehrung.html |archive-date=23 April 2010 |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=www.bfs.admin.ch |language=de}}</ref> The vacancy rate for the municipality, {{as of|2010|alt=in 2010}}, was 0.25%.<ref name=SFSO/>

In June 2011, the average price of an apartment in and around Geneva was 13,681 CHF per square metre ({{cvt|1|m2|sqft|abbr=off|disp=output only}}). The average can be as high as 17,589 [[Swiss franc]]s (CHF) per square metre ({{cvt|1|m2|sqft|abbr=off|disp=output only}}) for a luxury apartment and as low as 9,847 Swiss francs (CHF) for an older or basic apartment. For houses in and around Geneva, the average price was 11,595 Swiss francs (CHF) per square metre ({{cvt|1|m2|sqft|abbr=off|disp=output only}}) (June 2011), with a lowest price per square metre ({{cvt|1|m2|sqft|abbr=off|disp=output only}}) of 4,874 Swiss francs (CHF), and a maximum price of 21,966 Swiss francs (CHF).<ref name="homech">{{cite web |title=Genève: Overview of m2 prices for buy-objects (living space) |url=http://www.home.ch/en/rent/residential/myhome/Genève |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130115235831/http://www.home.ch/en/rent/residential/myhome/Gen%C3%A8ve |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 January 2013 |work=home.ch on real estate Genève, accessed 20.9.2011}}</ref>

=== Historical population ===
William Monter calculates that the city's total population was 12,000–13,000 in 1550, doubling to over 25,000 by 1560.<ref>{{Cite journal |jstor=203418 |title=Historical Demography and Religious History in Sixteenth-Century Geneva |journal=The Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume=9 |issue=3 |pages=399–427 |last1=Monter |first1=E. William |year=1979 |doi=10.2307/203418}}</ref>

The historical population is given in the following chart:<ref name="HDS">{{HDS|2903|Geneva}}</ref>
<timeline>
Colors=
  id:lightgrey value:gray(0.9)
  id:darkgrey  value:gray(0.8)
ImageSize  = width:1100 height:500
PlotArea   = height:350 left: 100 bottom:90 right:100
Legend     = columns:3 left:220 top:70 columnwidth:160
AlignBars  = justify
DateFormat = x.y
Period     = from:0 till:180000
TimeAxis   = orientation:vertical
AlignBars  = justify
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:darkgrey increment:20000 start:0
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:lightgrey increment:5000 start:0
Colors=
 id:TO     value:yellowgreen      legend:Total
 id:FR     value:teal      legend:French_Speaking
 id:GE     value:green      legend:German_Speaking
 id:CA     value:lightpurple      legend:Catholic
 id:PR     value:oceanblue      legend:Protestant
 id:SW     value:red      legend:Swiss
PlotData=
  color:yellowgreen width:40   mark:(line,white) align:center
  bar:1850 from:start till:37724 text:"37,724" color:TO
  bar:1870 from:start till:60004 text:"60,004" color:TO
  bar:1888 from:start till:75709 text:"75,709" color:TO
  bar:1900 from:start till:97359 text:"97,359" color:TO
  bar:1910 from:start till:115243 text:"115,243" color:TO
  bar:1930 from:start till:124121 text:"124,121" color:TO
  bar:1950 from:start till:145473 text:"145,473" color:TO
  bar:1970 from:start till:173618 text:"173,618" color:TO
  bar:1990 from:start till:171042 text:"171,042" color:TO
  bar:2000 from:start till:177964 text:"177,964" color:TO
LineData =
  points:(300,111)(400,113)  color:GE
  points:(400,113)(500,118)  color:GE
  points:(500,118)(600,126)  color:GE
  points:(600,126)(700,130)  color:GE
  points:(700,130)(800,128)  color:GE
  points:(800,128)(900,109)  color:GE
  points:(900,109)(1000,104)  color:GE
  points:(300,209)(400,241)  color:FR
  points:(400,241)(500,259)  color:FR
  points:(500,259)(600,271)  color:FR
  points:(600,271)(700,306)  color:FR
  points:(700,306)(800,307)  color:FR
  points:(800,307)(900,309)  color:FR
  points:(900,309)(1000,340)  color:FR
  points:(100,112)(200,143)  color:CA
  points:(200,143)(300,153)  color:CA
  points:(300,153)(400,177)  color:CA
  points:(400,177)(500,194)  color:CA
  points:(500,194)(600,186)  color:CA
  points:(600,186)(700,204)  color:CA
  points:(700,204)(800,266)  color:CA
  points:(800,266)(900,245)  color:CA
  points:(900,245)(1000,219)  color:CA
  points:(100,141)(200,158)  color:PR
  points:(200,158)(300,171)  color:PR
  points:(300,171)(400,187)  color:PR
  points:(400,187)(500,198)  color:PR
  points:(500,198)(600,218)  color:PR
  points:(600,218)(700,236)  color:PR
  points:(700,236)(800,217)  color:PR
  points:(800,217)(900,157)  color:PR
  points:(900,157)(1000,141)  color:PR
  points:(100,147)(200,166)  color:SW
  points:(200,166)(300,182)  color:SW
  points:(300,182)(400,204)  color:SW
  points:(400,204)(500,221)  color:SW
  points:(500,221)(600,270)  color:SW
  points:(600,270)(700,321)  color:SW
  points:(700,321)(800,314)  color:SW
  points:(800,314)(900,282)  color:SW
  points:(900,282)(1000,284)  color:SW
</timeline>
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
|-
! colspan="12" | Historic population data<ref name=HDS/>
|-
! Year
! Total population
! German-speaking
! French-speaking
! Catholic
! Protestant
! Other
! Jewish
! Islamic
! No religion given
! Swiss
! Non-Swiss
|-
! scope="row" | 1850
| style="text-align:center;"| 37,724 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|11,123 || style="text-align:center;"|26,446 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|29,203 || style="text-align:center;"|8,521
|-
! scope="row" | 1870
| style="text-align:center;"| 60,004 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|27,092 || style="text-align:center;"|35,064 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|39,012 || style="text-align:center;"|24,507
|-
! scope="row" | 1888
| style="text-align:center;"| 75,709 || style="text-align:center;"|10,806 || style="text-align:center;"|61,429 || style="text-align:center;"|32,168 || style="text-align:center;"|41,605 || style="text-align:center;"|1,330 || style="text-align:center;"|654 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|47,482 || style="text-align:center;"|28,227
|-
! scope="row" | 1900
| style="text-align:center;"| 97,359 || style="text-align:center;"|11,703 || style="text-align:center;"|77,611 || style="text-align:center;"|44,958 || style="text-align:center;"|49,875 || style="text-align:center;"|1,918 || style="text-align:center;"|1,055 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|58,376 || style="text-align:center;"|38,983
|-
! scope="row" | 1910
| style="text-align:center;"| 115,243 || style="text-align:center;"|14,566 || style="text-align:center;"|86,697 || style="text-align:center;"|53,248 || style="text-align:center;"|55,474 || style="text-align:center;"|4,267 || style="text-align:center;"|2,170 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|67,430 || style="text-align:center;"|47,813
|-
! scope="row" | 1930
| style="text-align:center;"| 124,121 || style="text-align:center;"|18,717 || style="text-align:center;"|93,058 || style="text-align:center;"|49,531 || style="text-align:center;"|66,016 || style="text-align:center;"|4,584 || style="text-align:center;"|2,224 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|92,693 || style="text-align:center;"|31,428
|-
! scope="row" | 1950
| style="text-align:center;"| 145,473 || style="text-align:center;"|20,603 || style="text-align:center;"|111,314 || style="text-align:center;"|58,556 || style="text-align:center;"|74,837 || style="text-align:center;"|6,164 || style="text-align:center;"|2,642 || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"| || style="text-align:center;"|118,863 || style="text-align:center;"|26,610
|-
! scope="row" | 1970
| style="text-align:center;"| 173,618 || style="text-align:center;"|19,657 || style="text-align:center;"|111,553 || style="text-align:center;"|90,555 || style="text-align:center;"|65,393 || style="text-align:center;"|22,591 || style="text-align:center;"|3,128 || style="text-align:center;"|959 || style="text-align:center;"|6,164 || style="text-align:center;"|115,107 || style="text-align:center;"|58,511
|-
! scope="row" | 1990
| style="text-align:center;"| 171,042 || style="text-align:center;"|9,610 || style="text-align:center;"|112,419 || style="text-align:center;"|79,575 || style="text-align:center;"|34,492 || style="text-align:center;"|39,227 || style="text-align:center;"|2,444 || style="text-align:center;"|4,753 || style="text-align:center;"|29,747 || style="text-align:center;"|98,812 || style="text-align:center;"|72,230
|-
! scope="row" | 2000
| style="text-align:center;"| 177,964 || style="text-align:center;"|7,050 || style="text-align:center;"|128,622 || style="text-align:center;"|66,491 || style="text-align:center;"|26,020 || style="text-align:center;"|34,972 || style="text-align:center;"|2,601 || style="text-align:center;"|8,698 || style="text-align:center;"|41,289 || style="text-align:center;"|99,935 || style="text-align:center;"|78,029
|}

=== Religion ===

{{Pie chart
|thumb = right
|caption = Religions in Geneva (2023)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Religions en Suisse: Résultats selon l'âge, le sexe, la nationalité et le canton, en 2019 |url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population/langues-religions/religions.assetdetail.33947018.html |website=Office fédéral de la statistique |access-date=27 January 2025 |language=fr}}</ref>
|label1 = [[Catholicism|Catholic]]
|value1 = 26.3
|color1 = Blue
|label2 = [[Protestantism|Protestant]]
|value2 = 5.90
|color2 = Red
|label3 = [[Christianity|Other christians]]
|value3 = 6.29
|color3 = Turquoise
|label4 = [[Judaism|Jewish]]
|value4 = 1.29
|color4 = Purple
|label5 = [[Islam|Muslim]]
|value5 = 7.32
|color5 = Green
|label6 = [[Religion|Other religious groups]]
|value6 = 1.72
|color6 = Pink
|label7 = [[Irreligion|Irreligious]]
|value7 = 48.8
|color7 = Orange
|label8 = Unknown
|value8 = 2.36
|color8 = Grey
}}

In 2023, the religious composition of Geneva’s permanent resident population aged 15 years and older reflected significant secularism and religious diversity. According to the Federal Statistical Office (OFS), the largest share of the population, 51.1%, identified as either having [[Irreligion|no religious affiliation]] (48.8%) or as having an unknown affiliation (2.36%). [[Christianity]], as a whole, accounted for 38.5% of the population, with 26.3% identifying as [[Catholicism|Catholic]], 5.90% as [[Protestantism|Protestant]], and 6.29% belonging to other [[Christianity|Christian]] communities. Among other religious groups, 7.32% of the population identified as [[Islam|Muslim]], 1.29% as [[Judaism|Jewish]], and 1.72% adhered to other religions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Religions en Suisse: Résultats selon l'âge, le sexe, la nationalité et le canton, en 2019 |trans-title=Religions in Switzerland: Results by age, gender, nationality, and canton, in 2019 |url=https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/fr/home/statistiques/population/langues-religions/religions.assetdetail.33947018.html |access-date=27 January 2025 |website=Office fédéral de la statistique |language=fr}}</ref> 

The {{as of|2000|alt=2000 census}} recorded 66,491 residents (37.4% of the population) as Catholic, while 41,289 people (23.20%) belonged to no church or were agnostic or [[Atheism|atheist]], 24,105 (13.5%) belonged to the [[Swiss Reformed Church]], and 8,698 (4.89%) were [[Muslim]]. There were also 3,959 members of an [[Orthodoxy#Christianity|Orthodox church]] (2.22%), 220 individuals (or about 0.12% of the population) who belonged to the [[Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland]], 2,422 (1.36%) who belonged to another Christian church, and 2,601 people (1.46%) who were Jewish. There were 707 individuals who were Buddhist, 474 who were Hindu and 423 who belonged to another church. 26,575 respondents (14.93%) did not answer the question.<ref name=STAT2000/>

According to 2012 statistics by Swiss Bundesamt für Statistik 49.2% of the population were [[Christianity|Christian]], (34.2% [[Catholic]], 8.8% [[Swiss Reformed]] (organized in the [[Protestant Church of Geneva]]) and 6.2% other Christians, mostly other [[Protestants]]), 38% of Genevans were [[Irreligious|non-religious]], 6.1% were [[Muslim]] and 1.6% were Jews.<ref>{{cite web |date=1 January 2012 |title=Ständige Wohnbevölkerung ab 15 Jahren nach Religionszugehörigkeit, 2012 |trans-title=Permanent resident population aged 15 and over by religious affiliation, 2012 |url=http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/05/blank/key/religionen.Document.21757.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106215454/http://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/portal/de/index/themen/01/05/blank/key/religionen.Document.21757.xls |archive-date=6 January 2012 |access-date=6 April 2014 |publisher=Bundesamt für Statistik |language=de |format=xls}}</ref>

Geneva has historically been considered a [[Protestant]] city and was known as the ''Protestant Rome'' due to it being the base of [[John Calvin]], [[William Farel]], [[Theodore Beza]] and other [[Protestant reformers]]. Over the past century, substantial immigration from France and other predominantly [[Catholic]] countries, as well as general secularization, has changed its religious landscape. As a result, three times as many Roman Catholics as Protestants lived in the city in 2000, while a large number of residents were members of neither group. Geneva forms part of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Lausanne, Geneva and Fribourg]].

The [[World Council of Churches]] and the [[Lutheran World Federation]] both have their headquarters at the [[Ecumenical Centre]] in [[Grand-Saconnex]], Geneva. The [[World Communion of Reformed Churches]], a worldwide organization of [[Presbyterian]], [[Continental Reformed]], [[Congregational]] and other [[Calvinist]] churches gathering more than 80&nbsp;million people around the world was based here from 1948 until 2013. The executive committee of the [[World Communion of Reformed Churches]] voted in 2012 to move its offices to [[Hanover]], Germany, citing the high costs of running the ecumenical organization in Geneva, Switzerland. The move was completed in 2013. Likewise, the [[Conference of European Churches]] have moved their headquarters from Geneva to Brussels.

===="Protestant Rome"====
[[File:ReformationsdenkmalGenf1.jpg|thumb|[[Reformation Wall]] in Geneva; from left to right: [[William Farel]], [[John Calvin]], [[Theodore Beza]], and [[John Knox]]]]
Prior to the [[Protestant Reformation]] the city was ''de jure'' and ''de facto'' [[Catholic]]. Reaction to the new movement varied across Switzerland. [[John Calvin]] went to Geneva in 1536 after [[William Farel]] encouraged him to do so. In Geneva, the Catholic bishop had been obliged to seek exile in 1532. Geneva became a stronghold of [[Calvinism]]. Some of the tenets created there influenced Protestantism as a whole. [[St. Pierre Cathedral]] was where Calvin and his [[Protestant reformers]] preached. It constituted the epicentre of the newly developing Protestant thought that would later become known as the [[Reformed tradition]]. Many prominent Reformed theologians operated there, including [[William Farel]] and [[Theodore Beza]], Calvin's successor who progressed Reformed thought after his death.

Geneva was a haven for Calvinists, while Roman Catholics and others considered heretics were persecuted. The case of [[Michael Servetus]], an early [[Nontrinitarian]], is notable. Condemned by both Catholics and Protestants alike, he was arrested in Geneva and burnt at the stake as a heretic by order of the city's Protestant governing council. John Calvin and his followers denounced him, and possibly contributed to his sentence.{{citation needed|date=February 2024}}

In 1802, during its annexation to France under [[Napoleon I]], the Diocese of Geneva was united with the Diocese of Chambéry, but the 1814 Congress of Vienna and the 1816 [[Treaty of Turin (1816)|Treaty of Turin]] stipulated that in the territories transferred to a now considerably extended Geneva, the Catholic religion was to be protected and that no changes were to be made in existing conditions without an agreement with the Holy See.<ref name="CathEncy-LausanneGeneva"/> Napoleon's common policy granted civil rights to Catholics in Protestant-majority areas, as well as the reverse, and also emancipated Jews. In 1819, the city of Geneva and 20 parishes were united to the Diocese of Lausanne by [[Pope Pius VII]] and in 1822, the non-Swiss territory was made into the [[Catholic Diocese of Annecy|Diocese of Annecy]]. A variety of concord with the civil authorities came as a result of the [[separation of church and state]], enacted with strong Catholic support in 1907.<ref name="CathEncy-LausanneGeneva" />

===Crime===
{{See also|Crime in Switzerland}}
In 2014 the incidence of crimes listed in the [[Strafgesetzbuch (Switzerland)|Swiss Criminal Code]] in Geneva was 143.9 per thousand residents. During the same period the rate of drug crimes was 33.6 per thousand residents. The rate of violations of immigration, visa and work permit laws was 35.7 per thousand residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=ba!joodoo |title=Karte: Betäubungsmittelgesetz (BetmG): Häufigkeitszahl der Straftaten, 2015 [Kantone] |trans-title=Map: Narcotics Act (BetmG): Frequency rate of offenses, 2015 \[Cantons] |url=https://www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch/maps/13/de/11488_11587_3864_7266/19010.html |access-date=2025-05-18 |website=www.atlas.bfs.admin.ch |language=de}}</ref>