Editing Gastropoda (section)

===Terrestrial gastropods===
Studies based on direct observations, [[fecal]] and [[Gastrointestinal tract|gut]] analyses, as well as food-choice experiments, have revealed that snails and slugs consume a wide variety of food resources.<ref name="Potapov2022"/> Their diet spans from living plants at various developmental stages such as [[pollen]], seeds, [[seedling]]s, and wood, to decaying plant material like leaf litter. Additionally, they feed on fungi, [[lichens]], [[algae]], soil, and even other animals, both living and dead, including their feces. Given this diverse diet, terrestrial gastropods can be classified as [[herbivores]], [[omnivores]], [[carnivores]], and [[detritivores]].<ref name="Potapov2022">{{cite journal |last1=Potapov |first1=Anton M. |last2=Beaulieu |first2=Frédéric |last3=Birkhofer |first3=Klaus |last4=Bluhm |first4=Sarah L. |last5=Degtyarev |first5=Maxim I. |last6=Devetter |first6=Miloslav |last7=Goncharov |first7=Anton A. |last8=Gongalsky |first8=Konstantin B. |last9=Klarner |first9=Bernhard |last10=Korobushkin |first10=Daniil I. |last11=Liebke |first11=Dana F. |last12=Maraun |first12=Mark |last13=Mc Donnell |first13=Rory J. |last14=Pollierer |first14=Melanie M. |last15=Schaefer |first15=Ina |last16=Shrubovych |first16=Julia |last17=Semenyuk |first17=Irina I. |last18=Sendra |first18=Alberto |last19=Tuma |first19=Jiri |last20=Tůmová |first20=Michala |last21=Vassilieva |first21=Anna B. |last22=Chen |first22=Ting-Wen |last23=Geisen |first23=Stefan |last24=Schmidt |first24=Olaf |last25=Tiunov |first25=Alexei V. |last26=Scheu |first26=Stefan |title=Feeding habits and multifunctional classification of soil-associated consumers from protists to vertebrates |journal=Biological Reviews |date=2022 |volume=97 |issue=3 |pages=1057–1117 |doi=10.1111/brv.12832|pmid=35060265 |doi-access=free }}</ref> However, the majority are [[microbivores]], primarily consuming [[microbe]]s associated with decaying organic material.<ref name="Speiser2001">{{cite journal |last1=Speiser |first1=B. |title=Food and feeding behaviour. |journal=The Biology of Terrestrial Molluscs |date=2001 |pages=259–288 |doi=10.1079/9780851993188.0259|isbn=978-0-85199-318-8 }}</ref> Despite their [[ecological]] importance, there is a notable lack of research exploring the specific roles that terrestrial gastropods play within soil food webs.<ref name="Potapov2022"/>

====Fungivory====
[[File:Amanita amerimuscaria 126174.jpg|thumb|A [[banana slug]], ''[[Ariolimax]]'', feeding on an ''[[Amanita]]'' [[mushroom]]]]
Many terrestrial gastropod mollusks are known to consume fungi, a behavior observed in various species of snails and slugs across distinct families.<ref name="Santamaria2023">{{cite journal |last1=Santamaria |first1=Brianna |last2=Verbeken |first2=Annemieke |last3=Haelewaters |first3=Danny |title=Mycophagy: A Global Review of Interactions between Invertebrates and Fungi |journal=Journal of Fungi |date=26 January 2023 |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=163 |doi=10.3390/jof9020163|doi-access=free |pmid=36836278 |pmc=9968043 }}</ref><ref name=Mycologia2002>{{cite journal|last=Keller|first=H. W.|author2=Snell, K. L.|title=Feeding activities of slugs on Myxomycetes and macrofungi|journal=Mycologia|year=2002|volume=94|issue=5|pages=757–760|url=http://www.mycologia.org/content/94/5/757.full|doi=10.2307/3761690|pmid=21156549|jstor=3761690}}</ref> Notable examples of [[fungivore]] slugs include members of the family [[Philomycidae]], which feed on [[slime molds]] (myxomycetes), and the [[Ariolimacidae]], which primarily consume mushrooms ([[basidiomycetes]]).<ref name=Mycologia2002/> Snail families that contain fungivore species include [[Clausiliidae]],<ref name="Welter-Schultes2012">{{cite book |last1=Welter-Schultes |first1=F. W. |title=European non-marine molluscs: a guide for species identification = Bestimmungsbuch für europäische Land- und Süsswassermollusken |date=2012 |publisher=Planet Poster Ed |location=Göttingen |isbn=978-3-933922-75-5 |edition=1.}}</ref> [[Macrocyclidae]],<ref name="Barahona-Segovia2024">{{cite journal |last1=Barahona-Segovia |first1=Rodrigo M. |last2=Gallardo-Pillancari |first2=Esteban |last3=Orrego |first3=Gabriel |last4=Osorio |first4=Felipe |title=Mycophagy and feeding on other native land snails by the black snail Macrocyclis peruvianus (Gastropoda, Macrocyclidae) |journal=Austral Ecology |date=2024 |volume=49 |issue=2 |doi=10.1111/aec.13491|bibcode=2024AusEc..49E3491B }}</ref> and [[Polygyridae]].<ref name="Wolf&Wolf1939">{{cite journal |last1=Wolf |first1=F. T. |last2=Wolf |first2=F. A. |title=The snail ''Polygyra thyroidus'' as a mycophagist |journal=Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club |date=1939 |volume=66 |issue=1 |pages=1–5|doi=10.2307/2481011 |jstor=2481011 }}</ref>

Mushroom-producing fungi used as a food source by snails and slugs include species from several genera. Some examples are [[milk-cap]]s (''[[Lactarius]]'' spp.), the [[oyster mushroom]] (''Pleurotus ostreatus''), and the [[Boletus|penny bun]]. Additionally, slugs feed on fungi from other genera, such as ''[[Agaricus]]'', ''[[Pleurocybella]]'', and ''[[Russula]]''.<ref name=Mycologia2002/> Snails have also been reported to feed on [[Boletus|penny buns]] as well as ''[[Coprinellus]]'',<ref name="Putra2021">{{cite journal |last1=Putra |first1=Ivan Permana |last2=Thamrin |first2=Juan Alvares Dagtonan |title=''Coprinellus'' sect. ''Disseminati'': Source of Gastropod Mycophagy in Bogor-Indonesia |journal=Biota Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Hayati |date=2021 |pages=147–154 |doi=10.24002/biota.v6i3.3316|doi-access=free }}</ref> ''[[Aleurodiscus]]'', ''[[Armillaria]]'', ''[[Grifola ]]'', ''[[Marasmiellus]]'', ''[[Mycena]]'', ''[[Pholiota]]'', and ''[[Ramaria]]''.<ref name="Barahona-Segovia2024" />  As for slime molds, commonly consumed species include ''[[Stemonitis axifera]]'' and ''[[Symphytocarpus flaccidus]]''.<ref name=Mycologia2002/>

Feeding behaviors in slugs exhibit considerable variation. Some species display selectivity, consuming specific parts or developmental stages of fungi. For instance, certain slugs may target fungi only at particular stages of maturity, such as immature fruiting bodies or spore-producing structures.<ref name=Mycologia2002/> Conversely, other species show little to no selectivity, consuming entire mushrooms regardless of developmental stage. This variability stresses the diverse dietary adaptations among slug species and their ecological roles in fungal consumption.<ref name=Mycologia2002/> Moreover, by consuming fungi, snails and slugs can also indirectly help in their [[Biological dispersal|dispersal]] by carrying along some of their [[spore]]s<ref name=Mycologia2002/><ref name="Lilelskov2005">{{cite journal |last1=Lilleskov |first1=E. A. |last2=Bruns |first2=T. D. |title=Spore dispersal of a resupinate ectomycorrhizal fungus, Tomentella sublilacina, via soil food webs |journal=Mycologia |date=2005 |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=762–769 |doi=10.3852/mycologia.97.4.762|pmid=16457345 }}</ref> or the fungi themselves.<ref name="Vašutová2019">{{cite journal |last1=Vašutová |first1=Martina |last2=Mleczko |first2=Piotr |last3=López-García |first3=Alvaro |last4=Maček |first4=Irena |last5=Boros |first5=Gergely |last6=Ševčík |first6=Jan |last7=Fujii |first7=Saori |last8=Hackenberger |first8=Davorka |last9=Tuf |first9=Ivan H. |last10=Hornung |first10=Elisabeth |last11=Páll-Gergely |first11=Barna |last12=Kjøller |first12=Rasmus |title=Taxi drivers: the role of animals in transporting mycorrhizal fungi |journal=Mycorrhiza |date=2019 |volume=29 |issue=5 |pages=413–434 |doi=10.1007/s00572-019-00906-1|pmid=31292712 |bibcode=2019Mycor..29..413V }}</ref>