Editing Enhanced 911 (section)

===FCC Requirements===
The U.S. [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) has made several requirements applicable to wireless or [[Mobile phone|mobile phones]]:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fcc.gov/cgb/consumerfacts/wireless911srvc.html|title=Wireless 911 Services|work=Consumer & Governmental Affairs Bureau|publisher=FCC.gov|access-date=2010-11-18}}</ref>

* Basic 911: All 911 calls must be relayed to a call center, regardless of whether or not the mobile phone user is already a customer of the network being used.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/1998/01/e911-turns-cell-phones-into-tracking-devices/|title=E911 Turns Cell Phones into Tracking Devices|date=6 January 1998|magazine=WIRED|access-date=2018-10-05|language=en-US}}</ref>
* E911 Phase 1: Wireless network operators must identify the phone number and cell phone tower used by callers, within six minutes of a request by a PSAP.
* E911 Phase 2:
** 95% of a network operator's in-service phones must be E911 compliant ("location capable") by December 31, 2005. (Numerous carriers missed this deadline and were fined by the FCC.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fiercewireless.com/story/sprint-alltel-usc-fined-missed-e911-deadline/2007-08-31|title=Sprint, Alltel, USC fined for missed e911 deadline|date=2007-08-31|publisher=FierceWireless|access-date=2010-11-18}}</ref>)
** Wireless network operators must provide the [[latitude]] and [[longitude]] of callers within 300 meters, within six minutes of a request by a PSAP.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BPW/is_11_18/ai_n27458948/?tag=content;col1|title=How accurate E911?|date=November 2007|work=GPS World|publisher=Questex Media Group, Inc.|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120708073052/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0BPW/is_11_18/ai_n27458948/?tag=content;col1|archive-date=2012-07-08|url-status=dead|access-date=2010-11-17}} Network-based technology:100 meters for 67% of calls and 300 meters for 95% of calls. Handset-based technologies: 50 meters for 67% of calls and 150 meters for 95% of calls.</ref> Accuracy rates must meet FCC standards on average within any given participating PSAP service area by September 11, 2012 (deferred from September 11, 2008).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rcrwireless.com/article/20080314/SUB/431138710/carriers-push-e-911-lawsuit-in-court-despite-winning-deadline|title=Carriers push E-911 lawsuit in court despite winning deadline extension|date=2008-03-14|publisher=RCR Wireless News|access-date=2010-11-18}}</ref>

Location information is used by the wireless network operator to determine to which PSAP to route the call to, and is transmitted to the PSAP for the purpose of sending [[emergency services]] to the scene of the incident.

<!--The paragraphs below were moved from the main 911 article and need to be integrated with the rest of this section. -->
In 1996, the U.S. [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) issued an order requiring wireless carriers to determine and transmit the location of callers who dial 911. The FCC set up a phased program: Phase I involved sending the location of the receiving antenna for 911 calls, while Phase II sends the location of the calling telephone. Carriers were allowed to choose to implement 'handset based' location by Global Positioning System ([[GPS]]) or similar technology in each phone, or 'network based' location by means of [[triangulation]] between cell [[tower]]s. The order set technical and accuracy requirements: carriers using 'handset based' technology must report handset location within 50 meters for 67% of calls, and within 150 meters for 90% of calls; carriers using 'network based' technology must report location within 100 meters for 67% of calls and 300 meters for 90% of calls.

The order also laid out milestones for implementing wireless location services. The first Phase I wireless 911 call was in September 1997 in [[Allentown, Pennsylvania]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.allentownpa.gov/Manage/Disabled-Pages/911-Communications-Center/History-of-9-1-1|title=History of 9-1-1|website=City of Allentown|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190827200923/https://www.allentownpa.gov/Manage/Disabled-Pages/911-Communications-Center/History-of-9-1-1|archive-date=2019-08-27|access-date=2019-08-27|quote=1997: First Phase I Wireless 9-1-1 call in the United States, made in the City of Allentown during a trial project with CellularOne and XYPoint.}}</ref> Many carriers requested [[waiver]]s of the milestones, and the FCC granted many of them. By mid-2005, implementation of Phase II was generally underway, limited by the complexity of coordination required from wireless and wireline carriers, PSAPs, and other affected [[government agencies]]; and by the limited funding available to local agencies which needed to convert PSAP equipment to display location data (usually on [[Digital mapping|computerized map]]s).

In July 2011, the FCC announced a proposed rule requiring that after an eight-year implementation period, at some yet-to-be-determined date in 2019, wireless carriers will be required to meet more stringent location accuracy requirements. If enacted, this rule would require both "handset based" and "network based" location techniques to meet the same accuracy standard, regardless of the underlying technology used. The rule is likely to have no effect as all major carriers will have already achieved over 85% GPS chipset penetration, and are thus able to meet the standard regardless of their 'network based' location capabilities.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/FCC-11-107A1.pdf|title=FCC 11-107, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking|access-date=2013-01-11}}</ref>{{Update inline|section|date=December 2021}}