Editing Endometriosis (section)

===Localization===
Most often, endometriosis is found on the:
* Ovaries
* Fallopian tubes
* Tissues that hold the uterus in place ([[ligament]]s)
* Outer surface of the uterus<ref name="WH2014" />
Less common pelvic sites are:
* [[Vagina]]
* [[Cervix]]
* [[Vulva]]
* Bowel
* Bladder
* [[Rectum]]<ref name="WH2014" />

Rectovaginal or bowel endometriosis affects approximately 5-12% of those with endometriosis, and can cause severe pain with bowel movements.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Weed JC, Ray JE | title = Endometriosis of the bowel | journal = Obstetrics and Gynecology | volume = 69 | issue = 5 | pages = 727–30 | date = May 1987 | pmid = 3574800 }}</ref>{{Citation needed|reason=correct information but dated 1987|date=November 2020}}

Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) has been defined as the presence of endometrial glands and stroma infiltrating more than 5&nbsp;mm in the subperitoneal tissue. The prevalence of DIE is estimated to be 1 to 2% in women of reproductive age. Deep endometriosis typically presents as a single nodule in the vesicouterine fold or the lower 20&nbsp;cm of the bowel. Deep endometriosis can be associated with severe pain. However, it can be present without severe levels of pain.<ref name="Van den Bosch Van Schoubroeck 2018 pp. 16–24">{{cite journal | vauthors = Van den Bosch T, Van Schoubroeck D | title = Ultrasound diagnosis of endometriosis and adenomyosis: State of the art | journal = Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology | volume = 51 | pages = 16–24 | date = August 2018 | pmid = 29506961 | doi = 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.01.013 | s2cid = 3759091 | url = https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/621035 }}</ref>

====Male endometriosis====
Endometriosis has been reported in people who were [[assigned male at birth]]. [[Prostate]] endometriosis has been reported following estrogen therapy for prostate cancer<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Beckman EN, Pintado SO, Leonard GL, Sternberg WH | title = Endometriosis of the prostate | journal = The American Journal of Surgical Pathology | volume = 9 | issue = 5 | pages = 374–379 | date = May 1985 | pmid = 2418693 | doi = 10.1097/00000478-198505000-00008 }}</ref> and [[feminizing hormone therapy]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Coleman-Belin J, Amakiri UO, Deng FM, Hoskoppal D, Safer JD, Reisman T | title = Hematospermia in a Transgender Woman with Evidence for Endometrial Tissue in the Prostate | journal = AACE Clinical Case Reports | volume = 10 | issue = 3 | pages = 80–83 | date = May 2024 | pmid = 38799045 | pmc = 11127599 | doi = 10.1016/j.aace.2024.01.006 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

Abdominal endometriosis also happens in men following cirrhosis.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Jabr FI, Mani V | title = An unusual cause of abdominal pain in a male patient: Endometriosis | journal = Avicenna Journal of Medicine | volume = 4 | issue = 4 | pages = 99–101 | date = October 2014 | pmid = 25298953 | pmc = 4183904 | doi = 10.4103/2231-0770.140660 | doi-access = free }}</ref><!-- 29670782 collects a heck more reports, but it's Hindawi. ugh. -->

====Extrapelvic endometriosis====
Rarely, endometriosis appears in extrapelvic parts of the body, such as the lungs, brain, and [[skin]].<ref name="WH2014" /><ref name=McCann2020p1419>{{cite journal | vauthors = McCann MR, Schenk WB, Nassar A, Maimone S | title = Thoracic endometriosis presenting as a catamenial hemothorax with discordant video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery | journal = Radiology Case Reports | volume = 15 | issue = 9 | pages = 1419–1422 | date = September 2020 | pmid = 32642009 | pmc = 7334551 | doi = 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.05.064 }}</ref> Risk factors for scar endometriosis include previous abdominal surgeries, such as a hysterotomy or cesarean section, or ectopic pregnancies, salpingostomy puerperal sterilization, laparoscopy, amniocentesis, appendectomy, episiotomy, vaginal hysterectomies, and hernia repair.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Dwivedi AJ, Agrawal SN, Silva YJ | title = Abdominal wall endometriomas | journal = Digestive Diseases and Sciences | volume = 47 | issue = 2 | pages = 456–461 | date = February 2002 | pmid = 11855568 | doi = 10.1023/a:1013711314870 | s2cid = 7362461 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kaunitz A, Di Sant'Agnese PA | title = Needle tract endometriosis: an unusual complication of amniocentesis | journal = Obstetrics and Gynecology | volume = 54 | issue = 6 | pages = 753–755 | date = December 1979 | pmid = 160025 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Koger KE, Shatney CH, Hodge K, McClenathan JH | title = Surgical scar endometrioma | journal = Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics | volume = 177 | issue = 3 | pages = 243–246 | date = September 1993 | pmid = 8356497 }}</ref>

Less commonly, lesions can be found on the diaphragm or lungs. Diaphragmatic endometriosis is rare, almost always on the right hemidiaphragm, and may cause the cyclic pain of the right [[scapula]] (shoulder) or [[cervical vertebrae|cervical area]] (neck) during a menstrual period.<ref name=Andres2020p373>{{cite journal | vauthors = Andres MP, Arcoverde FV, Souza CC, Fernandes LF, Abrão MS, Kho RM | title = Extrapelvic Endometriosis: A Systematic Review | journal = [[Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology]] | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 373–389 | date = February 2020 | pmid = 31618674 | doi = 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.10.004 | title-link = doi | doi-access = free }}</ref> Pulmonary endometriosis can be associated with a [[Hemothorax#Nontraumatic|thoracic endometriosis syndrome]] that can include [[Uterine cycle|catamenial]] (occurs during menstruation) pneumothorax seen in 73% of women with the syndrome, catamenial hemothorax in 14%, catamenial hemoptysis in 7%, and pulmonary nodules in 6%.<ref name=McCann2020p1419/>