Editing Emancipation Proclamation (section)

==Postbellum==
[[File:SMITHSONIAN - Ambrotype of African American Woman with Flag - believed to be a washerwoman for Union troops quartered outside Richmond, Virginia.jpg|thumb|"[[Ambrotype]] of African American woman with flag," said to be a washerwoman for Union troops quartered outside Richmond, Virginia (Smithsonian 2005.0002.01)]]

Near the end of the war, abolitionists were concerned that the Emancipation Proclamation would be construed solely as a war measure, as Lincoln intended, and would no longer apply once fighting ended. They also were increasingly anxious to secure the freedom of all slaves, not just those freed by the Emancipation Proclamation. Thus pressed, Lincoln staked a large part of his 1864 presidential campaign on a constitutional amendment to abolish slavery throughout the United States. Lincoln's campaign was bolstered by votes in both Maryland and Missouri to abolish slavery in those states. Maryland's new constitution abolishing slavery took effect on November 1, 1864.<ref>White, Jonathan W., "Achieving Emancipation in Maryland," in ''The Civil War in Maryland Reconsidered'', edited by Charles W. Mitchell and Jean H. Baker, Baton Rouge, LA: Louisiana State University Press, 2021, p. 249.</ref> [[History of slavery in Missouri|Slavery in Missouri]] ended on January 11, 1865, when a state convention approved an ordinance abolishing slavery by a vote of 60-4,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Missouri|title=Journal of the Missouri state convention, held at the city of St. Louis January 6-April 10, 1865|date=1865|publisher=Missouri Democrat|location=St. Louis|pages=25–26|url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/010471356|access-date=13 April 2022}}</ref> and later the same day, Governor [[Thomas C. Fletcher]] followed up with his own "Proclamation of Freedom."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Fletcher|first1=Thomas C.|title=Missouri's Jubilee|date=1865|publisher=W. A. Curry, Public Printer|location=Jefferson City, MO|url=https://archive.org/details/missourisjubilee00flet|access-date=13 April 2022}}</ref>

Winning re-election, Lincoln pressed the [[lame duck (politics)|lame duck]] [[38th United States Congress|38th Congress]] to pass the proposed amendment immediately rather than wait for the incoming [[39th United States Congress|39th Congress]] to convene. In January 1865, Congress sent to the state legislatures for ratification what became the [[Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Thirteenth Amendment]], banning slavery in all U.S. states and territories, except as punishment for a crime. The amendment was ratified by the legislatures of enough states by December 6, 1865, and proclaimed 12 days later. There were approximately 40,000 slaves in Kentucky and 1,000 in Delaware who were liberated then.<ref name=1860Census>{{cite web |url=http://www.sonofthesouth.net/slavery/slave-maps/slave-census.htm |title=Census, Son of the South |year=1860|publisher=sonofthesouth.net }}</ref>