Editing Disco (section)

====Early disco culture in the United States====
In the 1970s, the key [[counterculture of the 1960s]], the hippie movement, was fading away. The economic prosperity of the previous decade had declined, and unemployment, inflation, and crime rates had soared. Political issues like the backlash from the [[Civil Rights Movement]] culminating in the form of [[List of ethnic riots#Civil Rights and Black Power Movement's Period: 1955–1977|race riots]], the [[Vietnam War]], the [[Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.|assassinations of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.]] and [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|John F. Kennedy]], and the [[Watergate scandal]], left many feeling disillusioned and hopeless.{{Citation needed|date=July 2023}} The start of the '70s was marked by a shift in the consciousness of the American people: the rise of the [[feminist movement]], [[identity politics]], gangs, etc. very much shaped this era. Disco music and disco dancing provided an escape from negative social and economic issues.{{sfn|Shapiro|2006|pp=5-7}} The non-partnered dance style of disco music allowed people of all races and sexual orientations to enjoy the dancefloor atmosphere.<ref name=":0">{{cite journal |last1=Lawrence |first1=Tim |title=Disco and the Queering of the Dance Floor |journal=Cultural Studies |date=March 2011 |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=230–243 |doi=10.1080/09502386.2011.535989 |s2cid=143682409 |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09502386.2011.535989 |access-date=March 20, 2021 |archive-date=April 27, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427000421/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09502386.2011.535989 |url-status=live  |issn = 0950-2386}}</ref>

In ''Beautiful Things in Popular Culture'', [[Simon Frith]] highlights the sociability of disco and its roots in 1960s counterculture. "The driving force of the New York underground dance scene in which disco was forged was not simply that city's complex ethnic and sexual culture but also a 1960s notion of community, pleasure and generosity that can only be described as hippie", he says. "The best disco music contained within it a remarkably powerful sense of collective euphoria."<ref>Alan McKee, ''Beautiful Things in Popular Culture''. John Wiley & Sons, April 15, 2008, p.196</ref>

The explosion of disco is often claimed to be found in the private dance parties held by New York City DJ David Mancuso's home that became known as [[The Loft (New York City)|The Loft]], an invitation-only non-commercial underground club that inspired many others.<ref name=NYT>{{citation |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/10/arts/arts-in-america-here-s-to-disco-it-never-could-say-goodbye.html |title=ARTS IN AMERICA; Here's to Disco, It Never Could Say Goodbye |work=The New York Times, USA |date=December 10, 2002 |access-date=August 25, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151106064333/http://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/10/arts/arts-in-america-here-s-to-disco-it-never-could-say-goodbye.html |archive-date=November 6, 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref> He organized the first major party in his Manhattan home on Valentine's Day 1970 with the name "Love Saves The Day". After some months the parties became weekly events and Mancuso continued to give regular parties into the 1990s.<ref name='lawrence'>{{Cite web|url=http://www.timlawrence.info/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050730075122/http://www.timlawrence.info/articles/2005/mancuso_VV.php|url-status=dead|title=Tim Lawrence|archive-date=July 30, 2005|website=tim lawrence}}</ref> Mancuso required that the music played had to be soulful, rhythmic, and impart words of hope, redemption, or pride.{{sfn|Brewster|Broughton|2000|p=148}}

When Mancuso threw his first informal house parties, the [[gay community]] (which made up much of The Loft's attendee roster) was often harassed in the [[gay bar|gay bars and dance clubs]], with many gay men carrying [[Bail|bail money]] with them to gay bars. But at The Loft and many other early, private [[discotheque]]s, they could dance together without fear of police action thanks to Mancuso's underground, yet legal, policies. [[Vince Aletti]] described it "like going to party, completely mixed, racially and sexually, where there wasn't any sense of someone being more important than anyone else," and [[Alex Rosner]] reiterated this saying "It was probably about sixty percent black and seventy percent gay...There was a mix of sexual orientation, there was a mix of races, mix of economic groups. A real mix, where the common denominator was music."{{sfn|Brewster|Broughton|2000|p=148}}

Film critic [[Roger Ebert]] called the popular embrace of disco's exuberant dance moves an escape from "the general depression and drabness of the political and musical atmosphere of the late seventies."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://teachrock.org/lesson/the-rise-of-disco/|title=The Rise of Disco|publisher=teachrock.org|access-date=June 5, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170618001058/http://teachrock.org/lesson/the-rise-of-disco|archive-date=June 18, 2017|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Pauline Kael]], writing about the disco-themed film ''[[Saturday Night Fever]]'', said the film and disco itself touched on "something deeply romantic, the need to move, to dance, and the need to be who you'd like to be. Nirvana is the dance; when the music stops, you return to being ordinary."<ref>Pauline Kael, ''For Keeps'', Dutton, 1994, p. 767</ref>