Editing Cyclopes (section)

==Etymology==
For the ancient Greeks, the name "Cyclopes" meant "Circle-eyes" or "Round-eyes",<ref>Most 2018a, p. 15: "Cyclopes (Circle-eyed)"; Hard, [https://books.google.com/books?id=r1Y3xZWVlnIC&pg=PA66 p. 66]: "KYKLOPES (Round-eyes)"; West 1988, p. 64: "The name [Cyclopes] means Circle-eyes"; Frame, p. 66: "to the Greeks themselves, the name [Cyclops] means 'circle-eyed{{'"}};  ''[[LSJ]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D*ku%2Fklwy s.v. Κύκλωψ]: "Round-eyed".</ref> derived from the Greek ''kúklos'' ("circle")<ref>''[[LSJ]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dku%2Fklos s.v. κύκλος].</ref> and ''ops'' ("eye").<ref>''[[LSJ]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Do)%2Fy2 s.v. ὄψ].</ref> This meaning can be seen as early as [[Hesiod]]'s ''[[Theogony]]''  (8th–7th century BC),<ref>Burkert 1982, [https://books.google.com/books?id=APcX1KKHF9wC&pg=PA157 p. 157 n. 30]; Frame, p. 66.</ref> which explains that the Cyclopes were called that "since a single circle-shaped eye was set in their foreheads".<ref>[[Hesiod]], ''[[Theogony]]'' [https://www.loebclassics.com/view/hesiod-theogony/2018/pb_LCL057.15.xml 144&ndash;145].</ref> [[Adalbert Kuhn]], expanding on Hesiod's etymology, proposed a connection between the first element ''kúklos'' (which can also mean "wheel")<ref>''[[LSJ]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dku%2Fklos s.v. κύκλος II.1].</ref> and the "wheel of the sun", producing the meaning "wheel (of the sun)-eyes".<ref>Frame, pp. 66&ndash;67, citing A. Kuhn, ''Die Herabkunft des Feurs und des Göttertrankes'', Berlin, 1859, p. 54. Frame accepts Kuhn's "wheel of the sun" explanation saying "it is probably the correct one" since it explains why the Cyclops is one-eyed, "because he stands for the sun itself; this feature is otherwise unexplained, since all eyes are 'circular', and  the description 'circle-eyed' does not imply one eye as opposed to two."</ref> Other etymologies have been proposed which derive the second element of the name from the Greek ''klops'' ("thief")<ref>''[[LSJ]]'', [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dklw%2Fy s.v. κλώψ].</ref> producing the meanings "wheel-thief" or, deriving the first element from [[Proto-Indo-European]] ''[[wiktionary:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/péḱu|*péḱu]]'', "cattle-thief".<ref>Frame, pp. 67&ndash;69; Burkert 1982, [https://books.google.com/books?id=h7UwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 p. 157 n. 30]; Bakker, [https://books.google.com/books?id=n70O3tUih5gC&pg=PA69 pp. 69&ndash;70]; for "wheel-thief" see R. Schmitt, ''Dichtung and Dichtersprache in indogermanischer Zeit'', Wiesbaden 1967, p. 168; for "cattle-thief" see P. Thieme, "Etymologische Vexierbilder", ''Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung'' 69 (1951), pp. 177&ndash;178.</ref> Although [[Walter Burkert]] has described Hesiod's etymology as "not too attractive",<ref>Burkert 1982, [https://books.google.com/books?id=h7UwDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA157 p. 157 n. 30]. Compare with Mondi, pp. 37&ndash;38, whose theories imply that "we should not attempt to wrestle some etymology out of the word ''κύκλωψ'' which would in any way connect it with eyes, round or otherwise".</ref> Hesiod's explanation still finds acceptance by modern scholars.<ref>For example Heubeck and Hoekstra, p. 20 says: "Hes ''Th'' 144–45 has surely given the correct explanation for the Cyclopes' name". So too Frame, p. 69, which accepts Hesiod's circle-eyes, along with Kuhn's "wheel of the sun" explanation of "circle", as the "simplest and the best. The Cyclops, as 'circle-eyed', would originally have symbolized the sun itself." However Fowler 2013, [https://books.google.com/books?id=scd8AQAAQBAJ&pg=PA55 p. 55], noting that the "one-eyed cannibalistic monster from whom the clever hero escapes is an extremely widespread folktale which Homer or a predecessor has worked into the ''Odyssey''", suggests the possibility that the name was a Greek calque on a foreign word which would have "instantly" suggested to ancient Greeks the appearance, which in turn would explain the link between the Cyclopes of the ''Odyssey'' with the Cyclopes of the ''Theogony'', and might also "explain why early Greek art is uncertain about the appearance of these monsters; they do not always have but one eye."</ref>