Editing Crisis of the Third Century (section)

==== Philip dynasty (235–238) ====
|-
| style="text-align:center;" |[[File:Philip the Arab crop (cropped).png|100px]]
|[[File:Philippus I. - Münzkabinett, Berlin - 5511369 (obverse).jpg|100x100px]]
|'''[[Philip the Arab|Philip I]]''' "'''the Arab'''"<br /><small>{{Smallcaps|Marcus Julius Philippus}}</small>
|February 244 – September 249<br/><small>(5 years and 7 months)</small>
|Born {{Circa}} 204 in [[Roman Arabia]], made [[praetorian prefect]] of Gordian III after the sudden death of Timesitheus in 243. Proclaimed emperor after the [[Battle of Misiche]], after which he made peace with the Sassanids in shameful terms. Suffered several revolt at the end of his reign, finally being killed at the [[Battle of Verona (249)|Battle of Verona]] against [[Decius]], aged 45. During his rule Rome celebrated his [[Ab urbe condita|1000th anniversary]]. Some later sources claim he was the first Christian emperor, but this is most unlikely.{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=190–193|2a1=Peachin|2y=1990|2pp=30-31|3a1=Burgess|3y=2014|3pp=72-73|4a1=Vagi|4y=2000|4pp=327-330|5a1=Adkins|5y=2019|5p=27}}
|-
| style="background:#F0FFFF;"|[[File:MSR-ra-73-h-1-DM (cropped).jpg|115x115px]]<br /><small>(possible)</small>
| style="background:#F0FFFF;"|[[File:Aureus Philippus II (obverse).jpg|90px]]
| style="background:#F0FFFF;"|[[Philip II (Roman emperor)|Philip II]] "the Younger"<br /><small>{{Smallcaps|Marcus Julius Severus Philippus}}</small>
| style="background:#F0FFFF;"|{{Circa}} July 247 – September 249<br /><small>(co-''augustus'' under Philip I)</small>
| style="background:#F0FFFF;"|Son of Philip I and [[Marcia Otacilia Severa]], born {{Circa}} 237. Proclaimed ''caesar'' in 244 and later co-''augustus'' in 247, at the age of 10. Killed as soon as news of his father's death reached Rome (although some say he was killed alongside him).{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=190–193|2a1=Peachin|2y=1990|2pp=30-31|3a1=Burgess|3y=2014|3pp=72-73|4a1=Vagi|4y=2000|4pp=327-330|5a1=Adkins|5y=2019|5p=27}}
|-
! colspan="5" |
|-
| style="text-align:center; background:#EBEBEB;" |
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |[[File:Antoninianus-Pacatianus-1001-RIC 0006cf (obverse).jpg|90px]]
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |'''''[[Pacatian]]'''''<br /><small>{{Smallcaps|Tiberius Claudius Marinus Pacatianus}}</small>
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |c. 248 / 249<br /><small>('''[[Danube]]''')</small>
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |Commander in [[Moesia]] or [[Pannonia]] and a former [[Roman consul|consul]]; defeated by [[Decius]] and killed by his own soldiers shortly after. His rule came on (or shortly after) Rome's 1000th anniversary.{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=193–194|2a1=Vagi|2y=2000|2pp=331-333}}
|- style="background:#EBEBEB;"
| style="text-align:center; background:#EBEBEB;" |
|[[File:Antoninianus-Jotapian-RIC 0002a,var (obverse).jpg|90px]]
|'''''[[Jotapian]]'''''<br /><small>{{Smallcaps|Marcus Fulvius Ru(fus) Jotapianus}}</small>
|c. 249<br /><small>('''[[Levant]]''')</small>
|A member of Near East nobility, perhaps related to the ancient kings of [[Commagene]], claimed descent from [[Alexander the Great]]. Revolted for several months in [[Roman Syria|Syria]] and[[Cappadocia]] in response to the heavy taxation policies of [[Gaius Julius Priscus|Priscus]], Philip's brother and governor of the East. Like many, Jopatian was eventually killed by his own soldiers.{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=193–194|2a1=Vagi|2y=2000|2pp=331-333}}{{sfn|Craven|2019|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VEbCDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT340 IOTAPIANUS]}}
|-
|style="text-align:center; background:#e8e6e6;" |
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |[[File:Silbannacus-1 obvers.jpg|90px]]
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |'''''[[Silbannacus]]'''''<br /><small>{{Smallcaps|Mar(cius?) Silbannacus}}</small>
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |c. 249 (?)<br /><small>('''Gaul?''')</small>
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |Only known for two coins, possibly an usurper in Gaul (or perhaps Rome). According to one view, he may be related to [[Marcia Otacilia Severa]], Philip's wife.{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=193–194|2a1=Vagi|2y=2000|2pp=331-333}}{{sfn|Craven|2019|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VEbCDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT338 SILBANNACUS]}}
|-
|style="text-align:center; background:#EBEBEB;" |
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |[[File:Sponsianus Aureus (transparent) (obverse).png|90px]]
| style="background:#EBEBEB;" |'''''[[Sponsianus]]'''''
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |c. 249 (??)<br /><small>('''Balkans?''')</small>
|style="background:#EBEBEB;" |Existence disputed, only known for a few coins found in [[Transylvania]] that reuse old [[Roman Republican currency|Republican denarii]].{{Sfnm|1a1=Kienast|1y=2017|1pp=193–194|2a1=Vagi|2y=2000|2pp=331-333}}{{sfn|Craven|2019|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=VEbCDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT337 SPONSIANUS]}}
|-
| colspan="5" |