Editing Common sunflower (section)

===Hybrids and cultivars===
{{more citations needed section|reason=A lot of these cultivars are unreferenced.|date=April 2025}}
In today's market, most of the sunflower seeds provided or grown by farmers are hybrids. Hybrids or hybridized sunflowers are produced by cross-breeding different types and species, for example cultivated sunflowers with wild species. By doing so, new genetic recombinations are obtained ultimately leading to the production of new hybrid species. These hybrid species generally have a higher fitness and carry properties or characteristics that farmers look for, such as resistance to pathogens.<ref name="Gontcharov, SV. Antonova 2006" />

Hybrid, ''Helianthus annuus dwarf2'' does not contain the hormone gibberellin and does not display heliotropic behavior. Plants treated with an external application of the hormone display a temporary restoration of elongation growth patterns. This growth pattern diminished by 35% 7–14 days after final treatment.<ref name="Atamian-2016" />

Hybrid male sterile and male fertile flowers that display heterogeneity have a low crossover of honeybee visitation. Sensory cues such as pollen odor, diameter of seed head, and height may influence pollinator visitation of pollinators that display constancy behavior patterns.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Martin |first1=Cinthia Susic |last2=Farina |first2=Walter M. |date=1 March 2016 |title=Honeybee floral constancy and pollination efficiency in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) crops for hybrid seed production |journal=Apidologie |language=en |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=161–170 |doi=10.1007/s13592-015-0384-8 |issn=0044-8435 |doi-access=free|hdl=11336/44997 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

Sunflowers are grown as ornamentals in a domestic setting. Being easy to grow and producing spectacular results in any good, moist soil in full sun, they are a favourite subject for children. A large number of cultivars, of varying size and color, are now available to grow from seed. The following are [[cultivar]]s of sunflowers (those marked {{smallcaps|agm}} have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]]):<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2017 |title=AGM Plants – Ornamental |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf |access-date=3 March 2018 |publisher=Royal Horticultural Society |page=43}}</ref>

{{Columns-list|colwidth=15em|
* American Giant
* Arnika
* Autumn Beauty
* Aztec Sun
* Black Oil
* Chianti Hybrid
* Claret {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/165512/Helianthus-annuus-Claret/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Claret' | publisher=Apps.rhs.org.uk |access-date=2020-08-02}}</ref>
* Dwarf Sunspot
* Evening Sun
* Florenza
* Giant Primrose
* Gullick's Variety {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/53769/Helianthus-Gullick-s-Variety/Details | title = ''Helianthus'' 'Gullick's Variety' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Incredible
* Indian Blanket Hybrid
* Irish Eyes
* Italian White
* Kong Hybrid
* Large Grey Stripe
* Lemon Queen {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/79853/Helianthus-Lemon-Queen/Details | title = ''Helianthus'' 'Lemon Queen' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Loddon Gold {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/99914/Helianthus-Loddon-Gold/Details | title = ''Helianthus'' 'Loddon Gold' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref>
* Miss Mellish {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/203934/Helianthus-Miss-Mellish/Details | title = ''Helianthus'' 'Miss Mellish' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Monarch {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/96273/Helianthus-Monarch/Details | title = ''Helianthus'' 'Monarch' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Mongolian Giant
* Moon-Walker
* Munchkin<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/346263/Helianthus-annuus-Munchkin/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Munchkin' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Orange Sun
* Pastiche {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/165518/Helianthus-annuus-Pastiche/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Pastiche' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Peach Passion
* Peredovik
* Prado Red
* Red Sun
* Ring of Fire
* Rostov
* Russian Giant<ref name="tsc">{{cite web | url = https://www.theseedcollection.com.au/sunflower-Giant-Russian | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Russian Giant' | access-date = 9 May 2023}}</ref>
* Skyscraper
* Solar Eclipse
* Soraya
* Strawberry Blonde
* Sunny Hybrid
* Sunsation Yellow<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/346282/Helianthus-annuus-Sunsation-Yellow-(Sunsation-Series)/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Sunsation Yellow' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Sunshine
* Taiyo
* Tarahumara
* Teddy Bear {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/168546/Helianthus-annuus-Teddy-Bear-(d)/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Teddy Bear' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Thousand Suns
* Titan
* Valentine {{smallcaps|agm}}<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/165527/Helianthus-annuus-Valentine/Details | title = ''Helianthus annuus'' 'Valentine' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 1 August 2020}}</ref> 
* Velvet Queen
* Yellow Disk
}}
{{gallery|mode=packed
|Helianthus annuus prado red.jpg|Prado Red
|Sunflower3-2012.jpg|Mammoth Russian
|Helianthus annuus (cultivar) 02.jpg|Teddy Bear
}}