Editing Cognitive behavioral therapy (section)

===Addiction and substance use disorders===
====Pathological and problem gambling====
CBT is also used for [[problem gambling|pathological and problem gambling]]. The percentage of people who problem gamble is 1–3% around the world.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Okuda M, Balán I, Petry NM, Oquendo M, Blanco C | title = Cognitive-behavioral therapy for pathological gambling: cultural considerations | journal = The American Journal of Psychiatry | volume = 166 | issue = 12 | pages = 1325–1330 | date = December 2009 | pmid = 19952084 | pmc = 2789341 | doi = 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.08081235 }}</ref> Cognitive behavioral therapy develops skills for relapse prevention and someone can learn to control their mind and manage high-risk cases.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.antonpsych.org/~antonpsy/ieadmin/files/Stop_Addictions_Now.pdf|title=Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy for Pathological Gamblers|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160919030318/http://www.antonpsych.org/~antonpsy/ieadmin/files/Stop_Addictions_Now.pdf|archive-date=19 September 2016}}</ref> There is evidence of efficacy of CBT for treating pathological and problem gambling at immediate follow up, however the longer term efficacy of CBT for it is currently unknown.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cowlishaw S, Merkouris S, Dowling N, Anderson C, Jackson A, Thomas S | title = Psychological therapies for pathological and problem gambling | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 11 | pages = CD008937 | date = November 2012 | pmid = 23152266 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD008937.pub2 | collaboration = Cochrane Common Mental Disorders Group | pmc = 11955261 }}</ref>

====Smoking cessation====
CBT looks at the habit of smoking cigarettes as a learned behavior, which later evolves into a coping strategy to handle daily stressors. Since smoking is often easily accessible and quickly allows the user to feel good, it can take precedence over other coping strategies, and eventually work its way into everyday life during non-stressful events as well. CBT aims to target the function of the behavior, as it can vary between individuals, and works to inject other coping mechanisms in place of smoking. CBT also aims to support individuals with strong cravings, which are a major reported reason for relapse during treatment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abct.org/Information/?m=mInformation&fa=fs_TOBACCO|title=Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies; Tobacco Dependence |website=Association for Behavioral and Cognitive Therapies|date=11 March 2021 }}</ref>

A 2008 controlled study out of Stanford University School of Medicine suggested CBT may be an effective tool to help maintain abstinence. The results of 304 random adult participants were tracked over the course of one year. During this program, some participants were provided medication, CBT, 24-hour phone support, or some combination of the three methods. At 20 weeks, the participants who received CBT had a 45% abstinence rate, versus non-CBT participants, who had a 29% abstinence rate. Overall, the study concluded that emphasizing cognitive and behavioral strategies to support smoking cessation can help individuals build tools for long term smoking abstinence.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Killen JD, Fortmann SP, Schatzberg AF, Arredondo C, Murphy G, Hayward C, Celio M, Cromp D, Fong D, Pandurangi M | display-authors = 6 | title = Extended cognitive behavior therapy for cigarette smoking cessation | journal = Addiction | volume = 103 | issue = 8 | pages = 1381–1390 | date = August 2008 | pmid = 18855829 | pmc = 4119230 | doi = 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02273.x }}</ref>

Mental health history can affect the outcomes of treatment. Individuals with a history of depressive disorders had a lower rate of success when using CBT alone to combat smoking addiction.<ref name="pmid12924670">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hitsman B, Borrelli B, McChargue DE, Spring B, Niaura R | title = History of depression and smoking cessation outcome: a meta-analysis | journal = Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology | volume = 71 | issue = 4 | pages = 657–663 | date = August 2003 | pmid = 12924670 | doi = 10.1037/0022-006X.71.4.657 | s2cid = 524006 | url = http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1261&context=psychfacpub }}</ref>

A 2019 Cochrane review was unable to find sufficient evidence to differentiate effects between CBT and hypnosis for smoking cessation and highlighted that a review of the current research showed variable results for both modalities.<ref name="pmid31198991">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barnes J, McRobbie H, Dong CY, Walker N, Hartmann-Boyce J | title = Hypnotherapy for smoking cessation | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 6 | pages = CD001008 | date = June 2019 | pmid = 31198991 | pmc = 6568235 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD001008.pub3 }}</ref>

====Substance use disorders====
{{Disputed section|date=May 2024}}
Studies have shown CBT to be an effective treatment for substance use disorders.<ref name="McHughRK" /><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Magill M, Ray LA | title = Cognitive-behavioral treatment with adult alcohol and illicit drug users: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials | journal = Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs | volume = 70 | issue = 4 | pages = 516–527 | date = July 2009 | pmid = 19515291 | pmc = 2696292 | doi = 10.15288/jsad.2009.70.516 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Perry AE, Martyn-St James M, Burns L, Hewitt C, Glanville JM, Aboaja A, Thakkar P, Santosh Kumar KM, Pearson C, Wright K | display-authors = 6 | title = Interventions for female drug-using offenders | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 2019 | issue = 12 | pages = CD010910 | date = December 2019 | pmid = 31834635 | pmc = 6910124 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD010910.pub3 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Boness |first=Cassandra L. |last2=Votaw |first2=Victoria R. |last3=Schwebel |first3=Frank J. |last4=Moniz-Lewis |first4=David I. K. |last5=McHugh |first5=R. Kathryn |last6=Witkiewitz |first6=Katie |date=27 February 2023 |title=An evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy for substance use disorders: A systematic review and application of the society of clinical psychology criteria for empirically supported treatments. |url=https://doi.apa.org/doi/10.1037/cps0000131 |journal=Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice |language=en |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=129–142 |doi=10.1037/cps0000131 |issn=1468-2850 |pmc=10572095 |pmid=37840853}}</ref> For individuals with substance use disorders, CBT aims to reframe maladaptive thoughts, such as denial, minimizing and catastrophizing thought patterns, with healthier narratives.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.sprouthealthgroup.com/treatments/what-is-cognitive-behavioral-therapy/|title=What Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy? Expert Dr. Mendonsa Explains|date=21 October 2019|website=Sprout Health Group|language=en-US|access-date=15 November 2019}}</ref> Specific techniques include identifying potential triggers and developing coping mechanisms to manage high-risk situations. Research has shown CBT to be particularly effective when combined with other therapy-based treatments or medication.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/evidence-based-approaches-to-drug-addiction-treatment/behavioral|title=Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (Alcohol, Marijuana, Cocaine, Methamphetamine, Nicotine)|author=National Institute on Drug Abuse|website=drugabuse.gov|language=en|access-date=15 November 2019|archive-date=4 June 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200604151236/https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition/evidence-based-approaches-to-drug-addiction-treatment/behavioral|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[INSERM]]'s 2004 review found that CBT is an effective therapy for several mental disorders, including [[Alcoholism|alcohol dependency]].<ref name=":4" /><ref name="INSERM" />

====Internet addiction====
Research has identified [[Internet addiction disorder|Internet addiction]] as a new clinical disorder that causes relational, occupational, and social problems. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been suggested as the treatment of choice for Internet addiction, and addiction recovery in general has used CBT as part of treatment planning.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Young K |year=2011|title=CBT-IA: The First Treatment Model for Internet Addiction|url=http://netaddiction.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/JCP.CBT-IA.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221010/http://netaddiction.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/10/JCP.CBT-IA.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-10 |url-status=live|journal=Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy|volume=25|issue=4|pages=304–310|doi=10.1891/0889-8391.25.4.304|s2cid=144190312}}</ref>