Editing Central Europe (section)

==States==
[[File:European_Regions_EuroVoc_(Denmark_in_Northern_Europe).png|thumb|European sub-regions according to [[EuroVoc]]{{legend|#FF0000|Central and Eastern Europe}}{{legend|#67E863|Western Europe}}{{legend|#F6D600|Southern Europe}}{{legend|#0076D3|Northern Europe}}

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The choice of states that make up ''Central Europe'' is an ongoing source of controversy.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1124570.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624033956/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-1124570.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 June 2011 |title=For the Record | newspaper=The Washington Post  |date=3 May 1990 |access-date=31 January 2010}}</ref> Although views on which countries belong to Central Europe are vastly varied, according to many sources (see section [[#Definitions|Definitions]]) the region includes some or all of the states listed in the sections below:

*[[Austria]]
*[[Croatia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our Programme |url=https://www.interreg-central.eu/our-programme/ |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=Interreg Central Europe}}</ref>{{sfn|Johnson|1996|p={{page needed|date=October 2023}}}}<ref>{{cite web |date=September 2014 |title=In the Heavy Shadow of the Ukraine/Russia Crisis, page 10 |url=http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/research/REP/rep-2014.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.ebrd.com/downloads/research/REP/rep-2014.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |access-date=15 January 2015 |work=European Bank for Reconstruction and Development}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UNHCR in Central Europe |url=http://www.unhcr-centraleurope.org/en/about-us/unhcr-in-central-europe.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826202405/http://www.unhcr-centraleurope.org/en/about-us/unhcr-in-central-europe.html |archive-date=26 August 2013 |work=UNCHR}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=October 2014 |title=Central European Green Corridors – Fast charging cross-border infrastructure for electric vehicles, connecting Austria, Slovakia, Slovenia, Germany and Croatia |url=http://inea.ec.europa.eu/download/project_fiches/multi_country/fichenew_2013eu92069s_final.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402222032/http://inea.ec.europa.eu/download/project_fiches/multi_country/fichenew_2013eu92069s_final.pdf |archive-date=2 April 2015 |work=Central European Green Corridors}}</ref>
*[[Czech Republic]]
*[[Germany]]
*[[Hungary]]
*[[Liechtenstein]]
*[[Lithuania]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lithuania |url=https://www.strasbourg-europe.eu/lithuania/ |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=Information Center on the European Institutions (CIIE)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=The Columbia Encyclopedia |date=2000 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-7876-5015-5 |editor-last=Lagassé |editor-first=Paul |edition=6th |location=New York, NY |editor-last2=Columbia University}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=StAGN Web - Gliederung Europa |url=https://www.stagn.de/DE/1_Der_StAGN/Publikationen/StAGN_GGEuropa/grosseu_node.html |access-date=2023-12-27 |website=www.stagn.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lithuania joins the Eurozone |url=https://www.ebrd.com/news/2014/lithuania-joins-the-eurozone.html |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD)}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Eisfeld |first=Rainer |date=1993 |title=Mitteleuropa in Historical and Contemporary Perspective |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23735073 |journal=German Politics & Society |issue=28 |pages=39–52 |jstor=23735073 |issn=1045-0300}}</ref>
*[[Poland]]
*[[Slovakia]]
*[[Slovenia]]
*[[Switzerland]]

Depending on the context, Central European countries are sometimes not seen as a specific group, but sorted as either Eastern or Western European countries.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Geographic Regions |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=United Nations Statistics Division}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Webra International Kft. |date=18 March 1999 |title=The Puzzle of Central Europe |url=http://www.visegradgroup.eu/the-visegrad-book/ash-timothy-garton-the |access-date=4 August 2014 |publisher=Visegradgroup.eu}}</ref><ref name="un.org" /> In this case Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland are often placed in Western Europe, while Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia are placed in Eastern Europe.<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/methods/m49/m49regin.htm#europe |title=United Nations Statistics Division – Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49) |publisher=United Nations |date=31 October 2013 |access-date=4 August 2014}}</ref><ref name="un.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/worldageing19502050/pdf/96annexii.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/worldageing19502050/pdf/96annexii.pdf |archive-date=2022-10-09 |url-status=live|title=World Population Ageing: 1950–2050|publisher=United Nations|access-date=15 January 2015}}</ref><ref name="eurovoc.europa.eu">{{cite web |url=http://eurovoc.europa.eu/drupal/?q=request&uri=http://eurovoc.europa.eu/100277 |title=Browse MT 7206 |publisher=Europa (web portal) |access-date=4 August 2014 |archive-date=5 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105184226/http://eurovoc.europa.eu/drupal/?q=request&uri=http://eurovoc.europa.eu/100277 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://masticationmonologues.com/european-cuisine/western-europe/|title=Mastication Monologues: Western Europe|work=masticationmonologues.com|date=11 June 2014|access-date=15 January 2015}}</ref>

Croatia is alternatively placed in Southeastern Europe.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |date=2003 |title=Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) |url=https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/old_new_tir/seci/documents/GEReport0307-final.pdf |website=United Nations Economic Commission for Europe}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=South-Eastern Europe {{!}} UNECE |url=https://unece.org/south-eastern-europe |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=unece.org}}</ref><ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe (PCC SEE) |url=https://www.pccseesecretariat.si/index.php?item=9&page=static |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=PCC SEE Secretariat}}</ref> Additionally, Hungary<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Member States |url=https://www.selec.org/member-states/ |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=Southeast European Law Enforcement Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=South-East Europe |url=https://europeanclimate.org/expertises/south-east-europe/ |access-date=2023-10-17 |website=European Climate Foundation|archive-date=29 September 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230929061932/https://europeanclimate.org/expertises/south-east-europe/ |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last1=Hötte |first1=Hans |title=Atlas of Southeast Europe |last2=Mihalik |first2=Béla |publisher=Brill |year=2016 |location=Boston}}</ref><ref name=":11">{{Cite web |date=2020 |title=The South-East European Multi-Hazard Early Warning Advisory System |url=https://www.ecmwf.int/en/newsletter/162/news/ecmwf-supports-south-east-european-multi-hazard-early-warning-advisory-system |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=ECMWF}}</ref> and Slovenia<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":10" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=SEECP Participants |url=https://www.seecp.info/services |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=SEECP}}</ref><ref name=":8" /><ref name=":11" /> are sometimes included in the region.

Lithuania is alternatively placed in Northeastern Europe.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Panda |first=Jagannath |date=2023-04-11 |title=Will There Be a "Free and Open Baltic Sea"? Japan and Northeastern Europe in a Strategic Tandem |url=https://isdp.eu/will-there-be-a-free-and-open-baltic-sea/ |access-date=2024-02-19 |website=Institute for Security and Development Policy}}</ref>[[File:Europe_subregion_map_UN_geoscheme.svg|thumb|Regions used for statistical processing purposes by the [[United Nations Statistics Division]]{{legend|#FF8080|Eastern Europe<ref name="ReferenceC"/><ref name="un.org"/>}}{{legend|#4080FF|Northern Europe}}{{legend|#00FF00|Southern Europe}}{{legend|#00FFFF|Western Europe}}

]]

===Other countries and regions===
Some sources also add regions of neighbouring countries for historical reasons, or based on geographical and/or cultural reasons:

*[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]] (as a former part of the Habsburg monarchy and Yugoslavia, alternatively placed in Southern or Southeast Europe)<ref name=":5">{{cite book |last1=Geddes |first1=Andrew |title=The European Union and South East Europe: The Dynamics of Europeanization and Multilevel Governance |last2=Lees |first2=Charles |last3=Taylor |first3=Andrew |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-28157-0}}{{page needed|date=October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Geographic Regions |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/ |access-date=2023-12-15 |website=United Nations Statistics Division}}</ref>
*[[Estonia]] (considered to have been part of extended definitions of 'Mitteleuropa', alternatively placed in Eastern, Northeastern or Northern Europe)
*Italy ([[South Tyrol]], [[Trentino]], [[Trieste]] and [[Gorizia]], [[Friuli]], Lombardy, and [[Veneto]] or all of [[Northern Italy]])<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bokros |first1=Lajos |title=Accidental Occidental: Economics and Culture of Transition in Mitteleuropa, the Baltic and the Balkan Area |date=2013 |publisher=Central European University Press |isbn=978-615-5225-24-6 |page=2}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=August 2021}}
*[[Latvia]] (considered to have been part of extended definitions of 'Mitteleuropa')
*[[Romania]] ([[Transylvania]], along with [[Banat]], [[Crișana]], [[Maramureș]],<ref>Sven Tägil, [https://books.google.com/books?id=ll-6JYQyPsIC&dq=Transylvania+%22Central+Europe%22&pg=PA191 Regions in Central Europe: The Legacy of History], C. Hurst & Co. Publishers, 1999, p. 191</ref> [[Bukovina]]<ref name="books.google.co.uk">Klaus Peter Berger, [https://books.google.com/books?id=gEeP9NY2qGkC&q=partof+Central+Europe&pg=PA132 The Creeping Codification of the New Lex Mercatoria], Kluwer Law International, 2010, p. 132</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_pgWBC1tyFAC&q=%22ROMANIA%20IS%20IN%20THE%20SOUTHEASTERN%20PART%20OF%20CENTRAL%20EUROPE%22&pg=PA78|title=Alan Rogers Central Europe 2007 – Quality Camping & Caravanning Sites|publisher=Alan Rogers Guides, Ltd.|page = 78|isbn=9780955048685|year=2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Council of Europe. Parliamentary Assembly. Official Report of Debates|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xH1gJ_OonGUC&pg=PA1579|access-date=16 October 2015|date=1994|publisher= Council of Europe|isbn=978-92-871-2516-3|page=1579}}</ref> and [[Muntenia]] along with [[Oltenia]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Unitatile fizico-geografice din Europa Centrala – Profu' de geogra' |date=29 June 2013 |url=http://www.profudegeogra.eu/unitatile-fizico-geografice-din-europa-centrala/ |access-date=2022-06-02 |language=ro}}</ref>)
*Russia ([[Kaliningrad Oblast]])
*[[Serbia]] (primarily [[Vojvodina]] and [[Zemun|Northern Belgrade]], alternatively placed in Southeast Europe)<ref>{{cite web|website =UNDP in Serbia|publisher =United Nations Development Programme|title =About Serbia|url =http://www.rs.undp.org/content/serbia/en/home/countryinfo.html|year =2018|access-date =13 November 2015|archive-date =14 May 2021|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20210514205403/https://www.rs.undp.org/content/serbia/en/home/countryinfo.html|url-status =dead}}</ref><ref>Irena Kogan: Delayed Transition: Education and Labor Market in Serbia [https://books.google.com/books?id=a673YrEYenEC&dq=central+europe+serbia&pg=PT232], Making the Transition: Education and Labor Market Entry in Central and Eastern Europe, 2011, chapter 6</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=Peter|last= Shadbolt |url = https://edition.cnn.com/2014/12/11/world/europe/serbia-country-profile/ |publisher= CNN|title =Serbia: the country at the crossroads of Europe|date =11 December 2014}}</ref><ref>WMO, UNCCD, FAO, UNW-DPC [http://www.ais.unwater.org/ais/pluginfile.php/548/mod_page/content/75/Serbia_CountryReport.pdf], Country Report: Drought conditions and management strategies in Serbia, 2013, p. 1</ref>{{Sfn|Zepetnek|2011|p={{page needed|date=October 2023}}}}<ref>Government of Hungary, Prime Minister Viktor Orbán's speech at the Energy Forum following a joint meeting of the Serbian and Hungarian cabinets [http://www.kormany.hu/en/the-prime-minister/the-prime-minister-s-speeches/prime-minister-viktor-orban-s-speech-at-the-energy-forum-following-a-joint-meeting-of-the-serbian-and-hungarian-cabinets] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181223073539/http://www.kormany.hu/en/the-prime-minister/the-prime-minister-s-speeches/prime-minister-viktor-orban-s-speech-at-the-energy-forum-following-a-joint-meeting-of-the-serbian-and-hungarian-cabinets|date=23 December 2018}}, Government of Hungary on Serbia, 2018</ref>
*[[Ukraine]] ([[Zakarpattia Oblast|Transcarpathia]],<ref name="Judy Batt, Kataryna Wolczuk">{{cite book |last1=Batt |first1=Judy |chapter=Transcarpathia: Perephiral Region at the 'Centre of Europe' |page=155 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B9Mp6868gakC&pg=PA155 |editor1-last=Batt |editor1-first=Judy |editor2-last=Wolczuk |editor2-first=Kataryna |title=Region, State and Identity in Central and Eastern Europe |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-34323-0 }}</ref> [[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]] and Northern [[Bukovina]]<ref name="books.google.co.uk" />)