Editing Canaan (section)

=== Iron Age ===
[[File:Kingdoms of the Levant Map 830.png|thumb|Levant (c. 830 BC)]]

{{Main|History of ancient Israel and Judah}}
By the [[Iron Age|Early Iron Age]], the southern Levant came to be dominated by the [[History of ancient Israel and Judah|kingdoms of Israel and Judah]], besides the [[Philistines|Philistine]] city-states on the Mediterranean coast, and the kingdoms of [[Moab]], [[Ammon]], and [[Aram-Damascus]] east of the Jordan River, and [[Edom]] to the south. The northern Levant was divided into various petty kingdoms, the so-called [[Syro-Hittite states]] and the Phoenician city-states.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}

The entire region (including all Phoenician/Canaanite and [[Arameans|Aramean]] states, together with [[Israel]], [[Philistia]], and [[Samaria]]) was conquered by the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire]] during the 10th and 9th centuries BC, and would remain so for three hundred years until the end of the 7th century BC.{{citation needed|date=January 2022}} Emperor-kings such as [[Ashurnasirpal II|Ashurnasirpal]], [[Adad-nirari II]], [[Sargon II]], [[Tiglath-Pileser III]], [[Esarhaddon]], [[Sennacherib]] and [[Ashurbanipal]] came to dominate Canaanite affairs. During the [[Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt|Twenty-fifth Dynasty]] the Egyptians made a failed attempt to regain a foothold in the region but were vanquished by the Neo-Assyrian Empire, leading to an [[Assyrian conquest of Egypt]].

Between 616 and 605 BC the Neo-Assyrian Empire collapsed due to a series of bitter civil wars, followed by an attack by an alliance of [[Babylonians]], [[Medes]], and Persians<!-- Do not link to the disambiguation page, "Persians"; link to a specific iteration of this topic --> and the [[Scythians]]. The [[Neo-Babylonian Empire]] inherited the western part of the empire, including all the lands in Canaan and [[Syria]].{{citation needed|date=January 2022}} They successfully defeated the Egyptians and remained in the region in an attempt to regain a foothold in the [[Near East]].

The Neo-Babylonian Empire itself collapsed in 539 BC, and the region became a part of the [[Achaemenid Empire]]. It remained so until in 332 BC it was conquered by the [[Greeks]] under [[Alexander the Great]], later to fall to the [[Roman Empire]] in the late 2nd century BC, and then [[Byzantium]], until the [[Arab]] conquest in the 7th century AD.<ref name="roux">{{cite book |first=Georges |last=Roux |title=Ancient Iraq |isbn=9780141938257 |year=1992 |publisher=Penguin Books |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=klZX8B_RzzYC |access-date=9 October 2018}}</ref>