Editing Cambridge (section)

== Demography ==
[[File:Cambridge population pyramid.svg|thumb|Population pyramid of Cambridge in 2021]]
[[File:UK born and foreign born population pyramid in Cambridge in 2021.svg|thumb|UK born and foreign born population pyramid in Cambridge in 2021]]
At the 2011 census, the population of the Cambridge contiguous built-up area (urban area) was 158,434,<ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=E34004798|title=Cambridge BUA|access-date=18 June 2020}}</ref> while that of the City Council area was 123,867.<ref>{{NOMIS2011 |id=E07000008 |title=Cambridge Local Authority|access-date=30 March 2020}}</ref>

In the [[United Kingdom Census 2001|2001 Census]] held during University term, 89.44% of Cambridge residents identified themselves as white, compared with a national average of 92.12%.<ref>2001 Census (Ethnic group, Cambridge local authority). Office For National Statistics.</ref> Within the university, 84% of undergraduates and 80% of post-graduates identified as white (including overseas students).<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/press/factsheets/ethnicity.html
 |date=26 October 2007
|title=Fact sheet: Ethnicity
 |publisher=University of Cambridge
 |access-date=17 January 2008
|url-status=dead
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080101185656/http://www.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/press/factsheets/ethnicity.html
 |archive-date=1 January 2008
}}</ref>

Cambridge has a much higher than average proportion of people in the highest paid professional, managerial or administrative jobs (32.6% vs. 23.5%)<ref name=2001CensusASG>ONS 2001 Census (Approximated Social Grade&nbsp;– Workplace Population, Cambridge local authority)</ref> and a much lower than average proportion of manual workers (27.6% vs. 40.2%).<ref name=2001CensusASG /> In addition, 41.2% have a higher-level qualification (e.g. degree, [[Higher National Diploma]], Master's or PhD), much higher than the national average proportion (19.7%).<ref>ONS 2001 Census (Qualifications, Cambridge local authority)</ref>

[[Centre for Cities]] identified Cambridge as the UK's most unequal city in 2017 and 2018. Residents' income was the least evenly distributed of 57 British cities measured, with its top 6% earners accounting for 19% of its total income and the bottom 20% for only 2%, and a [[Gini coefficient]] of 0.460 in 2018.<ref>{{cite news
 |work=The Observer
 |last1=Ferguson
 |first1=Donna
 |url=http://theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/feb/04/cambridge-most-unequal-city-population-divide-income-disparity
 |title=Cambridge tops the league … as Britain's most unequal city
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729003941/https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2018/feb/04/cambridge-most-unequal-city-population-divide-income-disparity
 |archive-date=29 July 2019
|date=4 February 2018
}}</ref><ref>{{cite news
 |last1=Shennan
 |first1=Sophie
 |work=Varsity
 |url=http://www.varsity.co.uk/news/14625
 |title=Cambridge ranked most unequal city in the UK
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729005956/https://www.varsity.co.uk/news/14625
 |archive-date=29 July 2019
|date=2 February 2018
}}</ref>

=== Historical population ===
{| class="wikitable" style="border:none;"
|-
! Year || colspan="2"|Population
| rowspan="13" style="border:none;padding:1em;"|
! Year || colspan="2"|Population
|-
| 1749 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 6,131||0.001}}
| 1901 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 38,379||0.001}}
|-
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center;"|⋮
| 1911 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 40,027||0.001}}
|-
| 1801 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 10,087||0.001}}
| 1921 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 59,212||0.001}}
|-
| 1811 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 11,108||0.001}}
| 1931 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 66,789||0.001}}
|-
| 1821 || style="text-align:left;"|{{bartable| 14,142||0.001}}
| 1951 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 81,500||0.001}}
|-
| 1831 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 20,917||0.001}}
| 1961 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 95,527||0.001}}
|-
| 1841 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 24,453||0.001}}
| 1971 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 99,168||0.001}}
|-
| 1851 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 27,815||0.001}}
| 1981 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 87,209||0.001}}
|-
| 1861 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 26,361||0.001}}
| 1991 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable|107,496||0.001}}
|-
| 1871 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 30,078||0.001}}
| 2001 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable|108,863||0.001}}
|-
| 1891 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable| 36,983||0.001}}
| 2011 || style="text-align:right;"|{{bartable|123,900||0.001}}
|}

<small>
Local census 1749<ref>{{Citation|title=The History of the County of Cambridgeshire|first=Edmund|last=Carter|year=1753|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BqI9AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA13|quote=...6131 souls; as they were collected from house to house in July and August in the year 1749|access-date=8 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203053122/https://books.google.com/books?id=BqI9AAAAcAAJ&pg=PA13|archive-date=3 February 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
Census: Regional District 1801–1901<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10155071 |title=Cambridge Civil Parish |publisher=Vision of Britain |access-date=26 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220123401/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10155071 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
Civil Parish 1911–1961<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10011383 |title=Cambridge Civil Parish |publisher=Vision of Britain |access-date=26 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220123352/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10011383 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
District 1971–2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10057243 |title=Cambridge Civil Parish |publisher=Vision of Britain |access-date=26 July 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081220123300/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10057243 |archive-date=20 December 2008 |url-status=live }}</ref>
</small>

=== Ethnicity ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! rowspan="3" |Ethnic Group
! colspan="8" |Year
|-
! colspan="2" |1991<ref>Data is taken from United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/index.htm Casweb Data services] of the United Kingdom [http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm 1991 Census on Ethnic Data for England, Scotland and Wales] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220405213012/http://casweb.ukdataservice.ac.uk/step1.cfm |date=5 April 2022 }} (Table 6)</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{cite web |title=Office of National Statistics; 2001 Census Key Statistics |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/local-authorities-ks06--ethnic-group.xls |access-date=2021-09-07 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref>{{Cite web |title=2011 Census: Ethnic Group, local authorities in England and Wales |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-ks201ew.xls |access-date=2021-12-15 |website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2021<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethnic group – Office for National Statistics |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS021/editions/2021/versions/1/filter-outputs/d2f0a39a-75b6-4995-b4bd-a5b68ff79027#get-data |access-date=2022-11-29 |website=www.ons.gov.uk}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
![[White people in the United Kingdom|White]]: Total
!86,519
!94.1%
!97,365
!89.4%
!102,205
!82.5%
!108,570
!74.6%
|-
|White: [[White British|British]]
|–
|–
|85,472
|78.5%
|81,742
|66.0%
|77,195
|53.0%
|-
|White: [[White Irish|Irish]]
|–
|–
|1,708
|1.6%
|1,767
|1.4%
|1,885
|1.3%
|-
|White: [[White Gypsy or Irish Traveller|Gypsy or Irish Traveller]]
|–
|–
|
|
|109
|0.1%
|110
|0.1%
|-
|White: Roma
|
|
|
|
|
|
|885
|0.6%
|-
|White: [[Other White|Other]]
|–
|–
|10,185
|9.4%
|18,587
|15.0%
|28,495
|19.6%
|-
![[British Asian|Asian or Asian British]]: Total
!3,371
!3.7%
!6,410,
!5.9%
!13,618,
!11%
!21,626
!14.9%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Indians|Indian]]
|906
|1.0%
|1,952
|1.8%
|3,413
|2.8%
|5,916
|4.1%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Pakistanis|Pakistani]]
|248
|0.3%
|513
|0.5%
|742
|0.7%
|1,500
|1.0%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Bangladeshis|Bangladeshi]]
|438
|0.4%
|976
|0.9%
|1,849
|1.7%
|2,874
|2.0%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: [[British Chinese|Chinese]]
|909
|1.0%
|2,325
|2.1%
|4,454
|3.6%
|6,362
|4.4%
|-
|Asian or Asian British: Other Asian
|870
|0.9%
|644
|0.6%
|3,160
|2.6%
|4,974
|3.4%
|-
![[Black British people|Black or Black British]]: Total
!1,080
!1.2%
!1,461
!1.3%
!2,097
!1.7%
!3,561
!2.4%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|African]]
|315
|
|786
|
|1,300
|
|2,519
|1.7%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[British African-Caribbean people|Caribbean]]
|454
|
|547
|
|598
|
|639
|0.4%
|-
|Black or Black British: [[Classification of ethnicity in the United Kingdom|Other Black]]
|311
|
|128
|
|199
|
|403
|0.3%
|-
![[Mixed (United Kingdom ethnicity category)|Mixed or British Mixed]]: Total
!–
!–
!2,141
!2%
!3,944
!3.2%
!7,410
!5.2%
|-
|Mixed: White and Black Caribbean
|–
|–
|454
|
|728
|
|1,152
|0.8%
|-
|Mixed: White and Black African
|–
|–
|214
|
|470
|
|1,010
|0.7%
|-
|Mixed: White and Asian
|–
|–
|735
|
|1,501
|
|2,987
|2.1%
|-
|Mixed: Other Mixed
|–
|–
|738
|
|1,245
|
|2,261
|1.6%
|-
!Other: Total
!963
!1%
!1,486
!1.4%
!2,003
!1.6%
!4,507
!3.1%
|-
|Other: Arab
|–
|–
|–
|–
|908
|
|1,141
|0.8%
|-
|Other: Any other ethnic group
|963
|1%
|1,486
|1.4%
|1,095
|
|3,366
|2.3%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total
!91,933
!100%
!108,863
!100%
!123,867
!100%
!145,674
!100%
|}

=== Religion ===
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
! rowspan="2" |Religion
! colspan="2" |2001<ref>{{Cite web |title=KS007 – Religion – Nomis – 2001 |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/datasets/ks007 |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=www.nomisweb.co.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref>{{Cite web |title=KS209EW (Religion) – Nomis – 2011 |url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/ks209ew |access-date=2022-10-18 |website=www.nomisweb.co.uk}}</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2021<ref>{{cite web |date=29 Nov 2022 |title=Religion – 2021 census |url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS030/editions/2021/versions/1 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221129115419/https://www.ons.gov.uk/datasets/TS030/editions/2021/versions/1 |archive-date=29 Nov 2022 |access-date=16 Dec 2022 |website=Office of National Statistics}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
!Number
!%
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Holds religious beliefs
!69,433
!63.8
!65,828
!53.1
!66,225
!45.5
|-
|[[File:Gold Christian Cross no Red.svg|26x26px]] [[Christians|Christian]]
| align="right" |62,764
| align="right" |57.7
| align="right" |55,514
| align="right" |44.8
| align="right" |51,335
| align="right" |35.2
|-
|[[File:Dharma Wheel.svg|20x20px]] [[Buddhism|Buddhist]]
| align="right" |1,139
| align="right" |1.0
| align="right" |1,573
| align="right" |1.3
| align="right" |1,668
| align="right" |1.1
|-
|[[File:Om.svg|21x21px]] [[Hinduism|Hindu]]
| align="right" |1,293
| align="right" |1.2
| align="right" |2,058
| align="right" |1.7
| align="right" |3,301
| align="right" |2.3
|-
|[[File:Star of David.svg|23x23px]] [[Jews|Jewish]]
| align="right" |850
| align="right" |0.8
| align="right" |870
| align="right" |0.7
| align="right" |1,057
| align="right" |0.7
|-
|[[File:Star and Crescent.svg|20x20px]] [[Muslim]]
| align="right" |2,651
| align="right" |2.4
| align="right" |4,897
| align="right" |4.0
| align="right" |7,392
| align="right" |5.1
|-
|[[File:Khanda.svg|24x24px]] [[Sikhism|Sikh]]
| align="right" |205
| align="right" |0.2
| align="right" |213
| align="right" |0.2
| align="right" |322
| align="right" |0.2
|-
|Other religion
| align="right" |531
| align="right" |0.5
| align="right" |703
| align="right" |0.6
| align="right" |1,122
| align="right" |0.8
|-
!No religion
! align="right" |28,965
! align="right" |26.6
! align="right" |46,839
! align="right" |37.8
! align="right" |65,160
! align="right" |44.7
|-
!Religion not stated
! align="right" |10,465
! align="right" |9.6
! align="right" |11,200
! align="right" |9.0
! align="right" |14,315
! align="right" |9.8
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!Total population
! align="right" |108,863
! align="right" |100.0
! align="right" |123,867
! align="right" |100.0
! align="right" |145,700
! align="right" |100.0
|}